Modelling,simulation and applications of longitudinal train dynamics

ABSTRACT

Significant developments in longitudinal train simulation and an overview of the approaches to train models and modelling vehicle force inputs are firstly presented. The most important modelling task, that of the wagon connection, consisting of energy absorption devices such as draft gears and buffers, draw gear stiffness, coupler slack and structural stiffness is then presented. Detailed attention is given to the modelling approaches for friction wedge damped and polymer draft gears. A significant issue in longitudinal train dynamics is the modelling and calculation of the input forces – the co-dimensional problem. The need to push traction performances higher has led to research and improvement in the accuracy of traction modelling which is discussed. A co-simulation method that combines longitudinal train simulation, locomotive traction control and locomotive vehicle dynamics is presented. The modelling of other forces, braking propulsion resistance, curve drag and grade forces are also discussed. As extensions to conventional longitudinal train dynamics, lateral forces and coupler impacts are examined in regards to interaction with wagon lateral and vertical dynamics. Various applications of longitudinal train dynamics are then presented. As an alternative to the tradition single wagon mass approach to longitudinal train dynamics, an example incorporating fully detailed wagon dynamics is presented for a crash analysis problem. Further applications of starting traction, air braking, distributed power, energy analysis and tippler operation are also presented.     

基于系统优化平衡模型的P&R分配技术研究

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Effects of rosiglitazone on rabbit atherosclerosis

We sought to validate magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) for documenting the effects of rosiglitazone on rabbit atherosclerosis and the possible mechanism by treatment on the lesions.24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into normal group, control group and treatment group.After 4 weeks, all rabbits underwent MRI.After examination, the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) and level of lipid, glucose, nitric oxide(NO) and superoxide anion(O-2·) were measured.MRI demonstrated the regression of atherosclerotic lesions by rosiglitazone which has good correlation with histopathology.Treatment not only increased the level of EPCs and NO, but also raised the ability of inhibition of O2-·.MRI is a promising noninvasive technology to detect the effects of therapeutic interventions.Rosiglitazone slows the progression of atherosclerosis that may in part attribute to its improvement of mobilization of EPCs and the reduced oxidative stress.     

RNA结合蛋白La对宫颈癌细胞侵袭转移的影响及其机制

目的探讨RNA结合蛋白La(La)对宫颈癌细胞侵袭转移的作用及其作用机制。方法采用RNA干扰技术沉默La基因在宫颈癌细胞株HeLa中的表达,并通过G418筛选,构建稳定表达的HeLa的La干扰克隆。采用划痕实验、Transwell小室等检测La对宫颈癌细胞侵袭转移的影响。利用Western blot的方法检测细胞中基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)和基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂2(TIMP-2)的表达,并采用明胶酶谱的方法检测细胞培养上清中MMP-2的活性。结果 La干扰后细胞的迁徙和侵袭能力明显降低,对细胞迁徙距离和穿过Transwell小室的细胞数目进行分析后发现,差异有统计学意义;同时发现在细胞中MMP-2的蛋白表达水平及酶活性均降低,而TIMP-2的蛋白表达水平上调。结论 La对宫颈癌的侵袭转移具有促进作用,这种作用可能与其对基质金属蛋白及其抑制剂的调控相关。     

珠三角科技型小微企业协同创新网络的构建

珠三角地区作为我国重要的城市群之一,拥有众多的小微企业,这些企业的发展模式受到大家重视和关注。文中首先分析了珠三角科技型小微企业协同创新存在的问题,提出协同创新网络的构建是解决当前一些问题的有效措施;其次,在协同创新网络的构建中,分析了构建的主体要素、构建的模式、构建的过程和具体的构建框架;最后分析了构建后的协同创新网络的特征。     

电子喷射阀驱动单元模块电路的设计及应用

本文通过对电子喷射阀驱动单元电路设计的论述,探讨了如何解决双燃料发动机电子控制系统对喷射量的精确控制,提高了发动机在燃烧性能、动力性能及排放等方面的技术指标。     

非线性扩散作用下一类四阶抛物方程解研究

主要研究相变理论及薄膜润滑理论中出现的一类四阶退化抛物方程,函数及二阶拉普拉斯算子作用下在边界上为0,初始时间为已知函数.通过对时间的半离散,依据椭圆型方程解的存在性,构造逼近解,进而获得相应的抛物方程解的存在性及唯一性.方法上,依赖于对逼近解做半离散迭代估计、能量估计以及紧性讨论.     

吉林兰旗松花江特大桥索塔锚固区空间应力分析

吉林兰旗松花江特大桥是一座单索面双塔预应力混凝土斜拉桥,索塔锚固区采用U形预应力钢束锚固形式。通过运用现代有限元方法,对该桥的索塔锚固区进行了空间应力分析,论证了该桥的索塔锚固区设计是安全的;同时也探讨了在强大斜拉索力作用下环向预应力锚固形式的受力特点,为同类型桥梁的索塔设计提供了重要的参考依据。     

喷水推进船航速预报的动量通量试验技术发展现状

喷水推进是与中高速船舶相匹配的一种具有时代特征的先进推进方式,显著提高了船舶的快速性与操纵性,广泛应用于国内外高性能船舶。开展基于动量通量的试验技术研究,可有效提高喷水推进船舶航速预报精度,促进喷水推进技术快速发展与应用。本文在梳理喷水推进船模自航试验研究成果的基础上,分析了当今国际上喷水推进自航试验主流方法"动量通量法"的原理与关键技术以及应用状况,对航速预报精度有显著影响的流量、进出口动量通量的测量方法以及喷水推进装置对船体的作用等参数的测量方法进行了归纳,在此基础上针对国内外的差距,提出了我国发展相关技术的建议。     

基于遗传算法整定控制的柴油机调速系统研究

遗传算法是新型的、类似于模拟自然界中生物进化衍变过程的优化计算方法。其迭加算法准确, 在很多等领域得到广泛应用。本文以某型船用柴油机为对象,建立了柴油机控制系统的简化传递函数和执行器模型。采用PID控制,并利用遗传算法优化控制器参数,对柴油机动态调速过程进行仿真分析,和基于 Z-N（Ziegler-Nichols）法的参数整定方法做了比较,结果表明遗传算法的性能远优于传统的参数整定法, 对柴油机控制调速系统的性能有很大提高。