导电剂对锂离子电池负极材料钛酸锂电化学性能的影响

研究了乙炔黑、碳纤维和两者的混合物这3种导电剂及用量对锂离子电池负极材料钛酸锂大电流充放电性能的影响.结果表明：导电剂的种类对电极的电化学性能影响较大.粒状乙炔黑表面积丰富但不利于导电网络的形成,电极的极化严重;线性导电剂碳纤维具有较好的导电性和较高的长径比,但与活性物质接触面积小;线性导电剂碳纤维与粒状导电剂乙炔黑相配合,在电极中不但能够形成良好的导电网络,还与活性物质具有较大接触面积,减轻了电极的极化,提高了锂离子二次电池的大电流充放电性能.     

Study on dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox under multi-boundary conditions

With the development of vehicle gearbox to high-power-density and high-speed, how to predict and optimize the dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox becomes increasingly prominent. Aiming at the vehicle gearbox, this paper comprehensively and deeply studies the dynamic characteristics under the multi-boundary conditions. The generation mechanism of the multi-source excitations triggering the gearbox vibration is analyzed firstly. The vibration transfer path of the gearbox is explored. Secondly, the engine excitation, the gear meshing excitation and the bearing support load are numerically calculated. According to the finite element method, a fluid-solid coupling finite element model of the gearbox body is established to predict the gearbox dynamic responses based on the Galerkin method and the Hamiltonian variational principle. Finally, the effects of the excitation condition, oil height and reinforcement forms on the vibration responses of the gearbox body are thoroughly studied by simulation. The analysis indicates that it not only helps to modify and improve the method of forecasting the gearbox dynamic response, and also provides the theoretical and technical guidance for the gearbox design and optimization.     

Automatic outer surface extraction of femoral head in CT images

Computer-aided hip surgery planning and implant design applications require accurate segmentation of femoral head and proximal acetabulum. An accurate outer surface extraction of femoral head using marching cubes algorithm remains challenging due to deformed shapes and extremely narrow inter-bone regions. In this paper, we present an automatic and fast approach for segmentation of femoral head and proximal acetabulum which leads to accurate and compact representation of femoral head using marching cubes algorithm. At first, valley-emphasized images are constructed from original images so that valleys stand out in high relief. Otsu’s multiple thresholding technique is applied to seperate the images into bone and non-bone classes. Region growing method and threedimensional (3D) morphological operations are performed to fill holes in the bone. In the reclassification process, the bone regions are further segmented, and the boundaries of the bone regions are further refined based on Bayes decision rule. Finally, marching cubes algorithm is applied to reconstruct a 3D model and extract the outer surface of femoral head and proximal acetabulum. Experimental results show that this method is an accurate segmentation technique for femoral head and proximal acetabulum and it can be applied as a tool in medical practice.     

关于SBS改性沥青施工技术的探讨

在良好的设计配合比和施工条件下,SBS沥青能使沥青路面的耐久性和高温稳定性明显提高。将根据202国道利民大道施工情况,简要讲述SBS改性沥青的施工技术要求。     

高阶紧致格式在非线性数值模拟中的应用

对比分析迎风型格式及中心耗散格式优劣性,采用傅里叶分析方法分析显式格式及紧致格式在波数空间可准确模拟的波数范围。通过编程研究6种紧致格式,其中为保证紧致格式在内点及边界点的一致性,采用高精度边界格式,加入了滤波运算和采用更小的CFL数来控制紧致格式的稳定性。数值试验表明,中心紧致格式有更小的耗散误差及色散误差;通过4阶Pade格式计算模型绕流,验证了边界处理的正确性,也更加认识到紧致格式有非常严格的稳定性限制。     

船用件加工设备改造中步进电动机选择

文章主要研究在普通机床数控化改造中如何选择步进电动机的问题.提出了电动机的性能参数,包括最大转速、最大转矩、转动惯量等.给出了参数的计算方法和校核方法.     

Development of a time domain prediction method for hull pressure fluctuation induced by marine propeller sheet cavitation with consideration of scattering effects

Using a time domain acoustic analogy, we develop a method to predict the sound field and hull pressure fluctuation generated by unsteady sheet cavitation on marine propellers. Formulation 1A of Farassat is introduced to enhance theoretical understanding of this work, and it is applied to modeling the scattered sound field created by the fuselage boundary. To express the direct sound field resulting from sheet cavitation, a new solution is studied which considers the Doppler effect and also separately expresses the near and far fields. A small cube model is used to verify the method. Computed acoustic field pressures around the cube are compared with the boundary element method, and the numerical results show good agreement. Finally, the pressure fluctuation on a ship stern model is calculated.     

Epistemic-based investigation of the probability of hazard scenarios using Bayesian network for the lifting operation of floating objects

Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of risk management, has a substantial impact on the system-safety level of organizations, industries, and operations. If the causes of all kinds of failure and the interactions between them are considered, effective risk assessment can be highly accurate. A combination of traditional risk assessment approaches and modern scientific probability methods can help in realizing better quantitative risk assessment methods. Most researchers face the problem of minimal field data with respect to the probability and frequency of each failure. Because of this limitation in the availability of epistemic knowledge, it is important to conduct epistemic estimations by applying the Bayesian theory for identifying plausible outcomes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm and demonstrate its application in a case study for a light-weight lifting operation in the Persian Gulf of Iran. First, we identify potential accident scenarios and present them in an event tree format. Next, excluding human error, we use the event tree to roughly estimate the prior probability of other hazard-promoting factors using a minimal amount of field data. We then use the Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) to calculate the probability of human error. On the basis of the proposed event tree, we use the Bayesian network of the provided scenarios to compensate for the lack of data. Finally, we determine the resulting probability of each event based on its evidence in the epistemic estimation format by building on two Bayesian network types: the probability of hazard promotion factors and the Bayesian theory. The study results indicate that despite the lack of available information on the operation of floating objects, a satisfactory result can be achieved using epistemic data.     

CFD-based method of determining form factor <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis> for different ship types and different drafts

The value of form factor k at different drafts is important in predicting full-scale total resistance and speed for different types of ships. In the ITTC community, most organizations predict form factor k using a low-speed model test. However, this method is problematic for ships with bulbous bows and transom. In this article, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based method is introduced to obtain k for different type of ships at different drafts, and a comparison is made between the CFD method and the model test. The results show that the CFD method produces reasonable k values. A grid generating method and turbulence model are briefly discussed in the context of obtaining a consistent k using CFD.     

Blue growth and ocean governance—how to balance the use and the protection of the seas

The economic value of the oceans and maritime industry is strongly gaining in importance. As the oceans are very large and particularly sensitive ecosystems, which need to be preserved, a balance between the use and the protection of the seas has to be found. On this issue, the paper presents some thoughts starting with a brief analysis of what to understand by maritime industry which is labeled as blue economy, and a recapitulation of the main threats for the marine environment, caused by blue economy. After that, some noteworthy prerequisites and criteria for finding a sound balance between the use and the protection of the seas will be highlighted, especially the need for sustainable ocean governance is put to discussion.