水基金属加工液中使用杀菌剂的考虑因素

在水基金属加工液中使用杀菌剂来控制微生物的繁殖，首先要求杀菌剂有较强的杀菌效果．其次必须与加工液的其他成分相容，同时要避免对人体健康和环境造成危害，并且要对加工液合理维护以充分发挥杀菌剂的作用。     

电控柴油机计算机实时仿真系统设计

论述了电控柴油机计算机实时仿真系统的原理 ,构建了一种具有较好的通用性和扩展性的电控柴油机计算机实时仿真系统。     

汽车传动系统齿轮装置磨损的一种电测方法

论述了通过一种新型磁阻式传感器测量汽车传动系统齿轮装置润滑油中的磨损颗粒含量的方法，以达到在线监测传动系统齿轮装置磨损程度的目的。     

地铁暗挖隧道断层破碎带突水涌砂原因分析及处治技术

青岛黄岛区某地铁区间隧道穿越断层破碎带时发生突水涌砂地质灾害,为保证隧道施工安全及后续顺利开挖,对富水断层破碎带突水涌砂原因及力学形成过程进行分析。富水断层破碎带稳定性差,未进行有效加固,在开挖卸荷和爆破扰动双重作用下,岩体防突水层厚度超过临界状态,进而导致掌子面发生突水涌砂。考虑到地铁暗挖隧道施工空间狭小、材料运输不便等特点,采用以地表模袋注浆为主、洞内堵水注浆为辅的综合处治措施。结果表明:注浆加固后的掌子面湿润无流动水,浆脉清晰可见,渗漏水量小于1.5 L/(min·m),渗流通道得到有效封堵,保证隧道顺利通过突水涌砂段。     

Novel electronic braking system design for EVS based on constrained nonlinear hierarchical control

Both environment protection and energy saving have attracted more and more attention in the electric vehicles (EVs) field. In fact, regarding control performance, electric motor has more advantages over conventional internal combustion engine. To decouple the interaction force between vehicle and various coordinating and integrating active control subsystems and estimate the real-time friction force for Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS), this paper’s primary intention is uniform distribution of longitudinal tire-road friction force and control strategy for a Novel Anti-lock Braking System (Nov- ABS) which is designed to estimate and track not only any tire-road friction force, but the maximum tire-road friction force, based on the Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS). The longitudinal tire-road friction force is computed through real-time measurement of breaking force and angular acceleration of wheels. The Magic Formula Tire Model can be expressed by the reference model. The evolution of the tire-road friction is described by the constrained active-set SQP algorithm with regard to wheel slip, and as a result, it is feasible to identify the key parameters of the Magic Formula Tire Model. Accordingly, Inverse Quadratic Interpolation method is a proper way to estimate the desired wheel slip in regards to the reference of tireroad friction force from the top layer. Then, this paper adapts the Nonlinear Sliding Mode Control method to construct proposed Nov-ABS. According to the simulation results, the objective control strategy turns out to be feasible and satisfactory.     

Lubricating performance of carbon nanotubes in internal combustion engines – engine test results for CNT enriched oil

The main purpose of this research is to reduce friction losses by adding carbon nanotubes to engine oil. Extremely favorable tribological properties of carbon nanotubes have been extensively studied on the microscopic scale and using tribometers, have not yet been verified in the engine. Enriching oil with nanotubes can lead to significant, exceeding 7 %, reduction in the motoring torque of the engine at low crankshaft rotational speed. The phenomena associated with the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the engine are stated and discussed. It has been shown that the oil shear during normal operation of the engine can effectively improve the dispersion of nanotubes. At the same time the oil filtration system removes agglomerates of nanotubes very quickly.     

Design of emergency braking algorithm for pedestrian protection based on multi-sensor fusion

Globally, safety has become an increasingly important issue in the automotive industry. In an attempt to reduce traffic fatalities, UNECE launched a new EU Road Safety Program which aims to decrease the number of road deaths by half by 2020. AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking) is a very effective active safety system intended to reduce fatalities. This study involves the design of a multi-sensor data fusion strategy and decision-making algorithm for AEB pedestrian. Possible collision avoidance scenarios according to the EuroNCAP protocol are analyzed and a robust pedestrian tracking strategy is proposed. The performance of the AEB system is enhanced by using a braking model to predict the collision avoidance time and by designing the system activation zone according to the relative speed and possible distance required to stop for pedestrians. The AEB activation threshold requires careful consideration. The test results confirm the advantages of the proposed algorithm, the performance of which is described in this paper.     

Development of algorithms for commercial vehicle mass and road grade estimation

Estimation algorithms for road slope angle and vehicle mass are presented for commercial vehicles. It is well known that vehicle weight and road grade significantly affect the longitudinal motion of a commercial vehicle. However, it is very difficult to measure the weight and road slope angle in real time because of lack of sensor technology. In addition, the total weight of a commercial vehicles varies depending on the freight. In this study, the road grade and vehicle mass estimation algorithms are proposed using the RLS (Recursive Least Square) method and only the in-vehicle sensors. The proposed algorithms are verified in experiments using a commercial vehicle under various conditions.     

Analytical description of ride comfort and optimal damping of cushion-suspension for wheel-drive electric vehicles

To provide initial design values of seat cushion and chassis suspension damping for wheel-drive electric vehicles (WDEVs), this paper presents an analytical estimation method and a practical damping parameters design method. Firstly, two formulae of the human body vertical acceleration in terms of the power spectrum density (PSD) and the root mean square (RMS) are deduced for WDEVs. Then, the coupling effects of the key vehicle parameters on ride comfort are revealed. Finally, with a practical example, the damping parameters of the cushion and the suspension are initially designed and analyzed. The results show that when every 10.0 kg increases for motor mass, the optimal damping values of the cushion and the suspension should be reduced by about 15.0 Ns/m and 50.0 Ns/m, respectively. However, the RMS acceleration increases 0.017 m/s² with a decrease of 2.5 % for ride comfort.