重质液货晃荡载荷作用下薄膜型VLEC液货围护系统响应研究

随着美国页岩气中乙烷的大量出口,VLEC(超大型乙烷运输船)将成为新造船市场的热点,而薄膜型液货围护系统(CCS)的超大型乙烷运输船(VLEC)应该是大势所趋。高密度货物和大尺寸液舱造成了液货静压力和晃荡冲击压力的增加,提出了新的问题,VLEC液货围护系统的强度能否抵抗增加的晃荡冲击载荷。本文首先利用非线性有限元法计算分析液货围护系统在不同边界条件下的极限强度。然后运用CFD分析法对液舱晃荡问题进行数值分析,确定危险晃荡区域和晃荡载荷。最后对液货围护系统在液舱晃荡分析确定的危险工况进行响应分析,验证了围护系统的可靠性并归纳了一些重要结论。     

One-dimensional model on fuel penetration in diesel sprays with gas flow

In diesel engine, spray penetration is usually changed by in-cylinder gas flow. Accurate prediction on diesel spray with gas flow is important to the optimal design of diesel fuel injection system. This paper presents a theory investigation focusing on the penetration of diesel spray with gas flow. In order to understand the effect of gas flow on the penetration of diesel spray, a one-dimensional spray model is developed from an idealized diesel spray, which is able to predict the spray behavior under different gas flow conditions. The ambient gas flow is simplified as ideal flow that has only constant flow velocity along x-axial and y-axial directions of spray. The x-axial and y-axial directions are respectively defined as along and vertical spray directions. The main assumption is that the y-axial direction gas flow has no effect on the penetration of spray along x-axial direction. The principles of conservation of mass and momentum are used in the derivation. Momentum of in-cylinder air flow is also taken into consideration. Validation of the model at stable condition is achieved by comparing model predictions with experimental measurements of diesel spray without gas flow from Naber's experiments. Furthermore, CFD simulations on penetration of diesel spray with gas flow were performed with the commercial code AVL-fire. The onedimensional model is validated by the penetration results with gas flow from CFD calculation. Results show that a reasonable estimation of the spray evolution can be obtained for both with and without ambient gas flow conditions.     

Experimental study of EGR cooler regeneration aided by oxygen-fed NTP and air-fed NTP

Based on non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology fed by oxygen and air as the gas source respectively, the experimental system of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler regeneration was built to do a study at different regeneration temperatures. By measuring the concentration of main active substance and CO_x in regeneration process, the influence of temperature on regeneration aided by oxygen-fed NTP and air-fed NTP was investigated. The experimental results indicate that EGR cooler can be regenerated both by air-fed NTP and oxygen-fed NTP at a wide temperature range of 18 °C ～ 300 °C. By comparison of the regeneration with oxygen-fed NTP and air-fed NTP, it can be easily known that the regeneration effect is most remarkable at 150 °C with oxygen-fed NTP and at 120 °C with air-fed NTP. In addition, when the temperature is below 150 °C especially at 120 °C, the regeneration efficiency of air-fed NTP is lower than oxygen-fed NTP, nevertheless, when the temperature is above 150 °C, air-fed NTP has a superiority in regeneration and the higher the temperature is, the more obvious the superiority will be.     

基于滑轮试验台的钢丝绳弯曲疲劳试验研究

钢丝绳的使用寿命是钢丝绳行业内重点关注和研究的核心问题。而在钢丝绳-滑轮系统中,钢丝绳失效的主要型式是弯曲疲劳损伤。本文针对钢丝绳的简单弯曲、角度弯曲和反向弯曲等三种典型弯曲类型特点,专门设计了五滑轮弯曲疲劳试验台。通过调整钢丝绳工作行程和试验载荷,旨在研究钢丝绳在简单弯曲、角度弯曲和反向弯曲中的疲劳寿命。提出了反向弯曲相对简单弯曲的折算方法和折算系数,得出钢丝绳简单弯曲的总寿命次数与载荷的相关函数,为钢丝绳在特定条件下的使用寿命预测提供了试验数据支撑和计算方法。     

双层浇筑式沥青混凝土在西攀高速公路龙塘湾隧道中的应用

介绍双层浇筑式沥青混凝土在西攀高速公路龙塘湾右隧道中的应用情况,分析浇筑式沥青混凝土优良的防水、抗老化、抗疲劳性能以及整体性好的特点,结合本工程介绍浇筑式沥青混凝土的施工特点及摊铺施工过程中需注意的事项。双层浇筑式沥青混凝土在国内尚属首次采用。     

大型客车整车阴极电泳涂装工艺的难点分析

阴极电泳涂装工艺在轿车和小型车生产上被广泛使用,但目前国内在大型客车生产上采用可为绝无仅有。本文着重介绍大型客车整车进行阴极电泳涂装存在的难点和解决方法,以及在生产中应注意的问题。     

基于Wilson熵分布假设的交通公平性量化评价模型

在对交通公平性的量化评价方法进行考察的基础上,从效益分配符合"W ilson熵分布"的假设出发,尝试建立了群体决策型的公平性量化评价模型,该模型综合考虑了区域公平性和不同群体效益归属公平性.对于模型的分析表明交通设施的群体决策型公平性量化评价模型具有最佳解.同时通过数学方法可以证明建立的基于"W ilson熵分布"假设的交通公平性量化评价模型能很好地体现对于弱势群体和不发达区域的效益"补偿"作用.分析结果表明该模型用于交通公平性评价是合理、可行的.     

陆上空箱调运模糊优化研究

应用模糊规划的方法建立了内陆空箱多式联运调运优化模型,研究多种运输方式下的内陆集装箱空箱调运问题。在调运优化模型的基础上给出了不同运输时间和不同运输费用下的成本最低的调运方案.旨在为船公司提供费用最低的内陆空集装箱调运方案,提高船公司的空箱管理水平。     

地区公路项目兼顾效率与公平的优先级评价

政府投资的地区公路项目受到建设资金制约,在考虑项目建设效益的同时需兼顾地区的均衡发展.文中在总结前人研究成果的基础上,建立计量经济学的面板数据回归模型,采用GMM方法进行模型参数估计.模型采用年鉴数据,利用专业软件进行回归分析.并将回归分析的结果与前人的研究进行对比,对模型在中国部分省的适用性进行了评价.根据对实际案例的评价结果表明,评价模型具有很好的实用性.     

明代浙江市舶司废止考

明代作为专通日本的浙江市舶司,其机构设置随着中日关系的变化而不断调整,对于其废止的次数和年代,当今学者提出了很多不同的看法,本文以<明实录>的史料为依据,兼以<国榷>等史料为辅,对明代浙江市舶司的废止年代进行考证.