基于效益机制的分局调度货运日计划优化模型

在效益机制下进行货运日计划优化的目的是，在有限的运输资源条件下，使日计划实现运输效益最大化．在分析车站能力、空车供应、限制口能力和分界口交接等诸多运输约束的基础上，通过对运输约束准确的数学描述，建立了以运输效益最大为目标函数、以运输限制为约束的优化模型。     

无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞的并发症

报告无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞治疗肾肿瘤18例的临床并发症,简要讨论了与并发症有关的因素和预防措施。     

Five-axis interpolation of continuous short linear trajectories for 3[PP]S-<Emphasis Type="Italic">XY</Emphasis> hybrid mechanism by dual Bezier blending

A novel five-axis real-time interpolation algorithm for 3[PP]S-XY hybrid mechanism is proposed in this paper. In the algorithm, the five-axis tool path for controlling this hybrid mechanism is separated into two sub-paths. One sub-path describes the movement of 3[PP]S parallel kinematic mechanism module, and the other one describes the movement of XY platform. A pair of cubic Bezier curves is employed to smooth the corners in those two sub-paths. Based on the homogenous Jacobian matrix of 3[PP]S mechanism, a relationship between the position errors of every driving joint in hybrid mechanism and the position deviation of the tool tip center point at the moving platform is established. This relationship is used to estimate the approximation error for the corners smoothing according to the accuracy requirement of tool tip center in interpolation. Due to the high computational efficiency of this corner smoothing method, it is integrated into the look-ahead module of computer numerical control (CNC) system to perform online tool path smoothing. By performing the speed planning based on a floating window scheme, a jerk limited S-shape speed profile can be generated efficiently. On this basis, a realtime look-ahead scheme, which is comprised of path-smoothing and feedrate scheduling, is developed to acquire a speed profile with smooth acceleration. A monotonic cubic spline is employed for synchronization between those two smoothed sub-paths in tool path interpolation. This interpolation algorithm has been integrated into our own developed CNC system to control a 3PRS-XY experimental instrument (P, R and S standing for prismatic, revolute and spherical, respectively). A club shaped trajectory is adopted to verify the smoothness and efficiency of the five-axis interpolator for hybrid mechanism control.     

Study on lift-up speed of aerodynamic compliant foil thrust bearings

Objective The experimental study on the lift-up speed of a new kind of compliant aerodynamic foil thrust hearings was performed on the multifunetional test rig established for testing the performances of foil gas bearings. Methods The lift-up speed of foil gas thrust hearing under given axial load was analyzed through the spectrum of axial displacement response in frequency domain. Results The test results indicated that the difference in the spectrum of axial displacement responses before and after lifting up of the rotor was obvious. After lifting up of the rotor, there were only larger components of rotation frequency and lower harmanie frequencies. If the rotor wasn＇t lift-up, there were also larger components of other frequencies in the spectrum. Conclusion So by analyzing the spectrum of axial displacement response, the results showed that the lift-up speed was about 1 860 rpm when the axial load was 31N.     

白川胶囊对清醒大鼠血压的影响

目的　观察白川胶囊的急慢性降压作用。方法　以间接测压法测量清醒大鼠尾动脉血压 :①测量自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)多次灌胃白川胶囊的血压变化 ,观察其慢性降压作用 ;②测量肾性高血压大鼠 1次灌胃白川胶囊后 1、2、4、6、8h的血压值 ,观察其急性降压作用。结果　①连续 2 0d灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低SHR的血压 ,白川胶囊 0 1 5 g/kg也有一定降压作用 ;② 1次性灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低肾性高血压大鼠血压 ,白川胶囊0 1 5 g/kg也有降压作用。结论　白川胶囊有明显的急慢性降压作用。     

异丙酚对兔肝缺血再灌注损伤时内皮素-1和一氧化氮的影响

目的探讨异丙酚对兔在体肝缺血再灌注损伤时内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)的影响。方法40只家兔随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为缺血再灌注组(A组)、缺血再灌注加生理盐水2 mL/(kg.h)组(B组)、缺血再灌注加异丙酚8mg/(kg.h)组(C组)和假手术对照组(D组)。各组于再灌注后306、0 min测定肝组织和血浆中ET-1与NO水平以及血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)的水平,并进行肝组织形态学观察。结果与D组比较,A、B、C组于再灌注后30 min及60 min时,肝组织和血浆中ET-1均呈上升,但C组的上升程度明显低于同时间点的A、B两组(P<0.01);同时肝组织和血清中NO呈下降,但C组的下降程度明显低于同时间点的A、B两组(P<0.01);血清ALT、AST均升高,但C组的升高程度明显低于同时间点的A、B两组(P<0.01);肝细胞形态学发生异常改变,C组的肝脏淤血明显较A、B两组轻,肝细胞变性坏死不明显。结论异丙酚通过保护肝窦内皮,降低机体内ET-1水平,提高NO水平,改善肝脏微循环障碍,对HIRI有保护作用。     

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提出了通过具体的效用度量对出行者路径选择行为进行分析的方法。从传统的期望效用理论和前景理论两个方面，对一份关于出行者路径选择的调查数据进行了分析；验证了出行者群体在不确定环境下进行路径选择时，效用度量是基本决策规则，并且其效用度量体系与前景理论针对一般经济主体的效用度量体系接近。最后借助图形说明了合理设定出行者风险态度水平的重要性。     

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城市交通系统供需失衡是城市交通拥挤的症结所在。本文通过分析指出城市交通管理中存在的舍本逐末现象的主要原因在于缺乏对城市交通供需失衡根本原因的深刻认识及其对管理策略有效性的评估。为了准确把握交通供需失衡的机理，本文运用系统层次分析框架，将城市交通系统供需失衡划分为结构性失衡和耦合性失衡两类，并指出交通供需双方是一种有利益冲突和动态反应特性的博弈关系，通过这种博弈关系对城市交通供需平衡的影响分析，分别给出了调节城市交通供需平衡关系的两个层次的策略框架。     

T-2毒素对胎儿软骨细胞凋亡、Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响及硒的保护作用

目的　探讨T 2毒素对软骨细胞凋亡的作用,和对凋亡调控蛋白Bcl 2 与Bax表达的影响,以及微量元素硒对软骨细胞的保护作用。方法　采用电镜,Annexin V/PI法检测T 2 毒素致人软骨细胞凋亡的情况,采用流式细胞仪检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl 2和Bax的表达。结果　T 2 毒素可引起软骨细胞发生凋亡的典型电镜形态改变;不同浓度(1~20μg/L)的T 2毒素均可以引起软骨细胞早期凋亡率和晚期凋亡率明显增加,且在一定范围内呈浓度依赖性,T 2毒素浓度为20μg/L时早期凋亡率最高达5.60%,晚期凋亡率最高达8.61%。生理浓度的微量元素硒可部分减弱T 2毒素引起的凋亡;不同浓度(1~20μg/L)的T 2毒素都能引起Bcl 2和Bax表达水平提高,浓度为10~20μg/L时,Bax/Bcl 2比值升高;硒能部分对抗T 2 毒素引起的Bcl 2 和Bax 表达的提高,使Bax/Bcl 2 比值下降,以降低凋亡率。结论　T 2毒素在浓度为1 ~ 20μg/L 时,可以引起软骨细胞凋亡; T 2 毒素引起的软骨细胞凋亡与软骨细胞内Bax/Bcl 2比值升高有关,硒对T 2毒素引起的软骨细胞凋亡有一定保护作用。     

高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法30只家兔随机分为三组:假手术组(A组,n=10),缺血再灌注组(B组,n=10)及高氧液预处理组(C组,n=10)。C组每天静脉给予15mL/kg高氧液,20min内匀速泵完,连续7d;A组及B组以同样方法给予等量生理盐水,最后一次处理结束后,制作心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)模型。A组只穿线,不结扎冠脉。记录心电图和血流动力学指标,在结扎前、结扎即刻、结扎后30min,再灌注1、2、3h分别测定血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果C组能明显降低心电图S-T段的升高程度并改善血流动力学参数,较B组显著缩小梗死范围(P<0.05)。与A组比较,B组血清SOD活性呈逐渐下降趋势,MDA含量则呈逐渐增高的趋势(P<0.05)。C组各时间段上述各指标均有所恢复。结论高氧液预处理对家兔在体心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用。