Aero-optical characteristics of supersonic flow over blunt wedge with cavity window

The optical rays that form the image of an object and propagate a supersonic flow over a vehicle are refracted by the density variations. A numerical analysis of the aero-optical characteristics of supersonic flow over blunt wedge with a cavity window is carried out. A hybrid method of Reynold averaged Navier-Stokes and direct simulation Monte Carlo (RANS/DSMC) is employed to simulate the flowfield. Refraction factor is introduced to evaluate the flowfield’s aero-optical characteristic. The results show that mean flow’s aero-optical effects are mainly caused by the shock wave, the expansion wave and the turbulent boundary layer. Fluctuation flow’s aero-optical effects are mainly caused by the turbulent boundary layer and the shock wave induced by the cavity window. The aero-optical effects at the leading side of window are caused by the mean density variations, while the effects at the trailing side are caused by the density fluctuations. Different draft angles of the cavity window are investigated. The airborne optical devices of supersonic vehicle should be mounted in the middle of the cavity window with a large draft angle.     

高速公路界壳理论及应用研究框架

运用界壳论,分析高速公路系统周界的界壳特征及界壳结构,构建高速公路界壳理论的研究框架,提出高速公路界壳论的基础理论研究主要包括:高速公路系统界壳结构分析及结构要素定义,高速公路界壳要素功能分析及功能参数描述方法,高速公路界壳行为剖析等内容。高速公路界壳理论应用研究主要包括:基于界壳论的入口匝道控制参量分析及控制模型,高速公路系统优化控制中界壳参数变化关系,高速公路系统总调控优化模型,高速公路界壁抵抗力与事件属性之间的关系,高速公路事件管理界壁抵抗力调控模型。最后,阐明研究中拟解决的关键问题及其技术路线。     

阿德兰启发式算法在CNG加气站选址中的应用

随着CNG加气站建设的蓬勃发展,其规划选址问题也日益突出。以CNG加气站规划选址进程图为框架,分析CNG加气站规划选址的原则及影响因素,并制定合理的评价指标体系。最后,提出用阿德兰启发式算法计算客户加气成本的选址方法。     

CORS系统在航道工程测量中的应用

CORS系统在航道工程测量方面的应用前景十分广阔,该文介绍了CORS系统技术的基本原理,在航道工程测量中的应用以及与常规RTK相比所具有的特点。通过工程实例,展示CORS系统在超长作业区域中体现出的优越性能,阐述了CORS系统发展趋势。     

A medium-resolution wave hindcast study over the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea

The present study is aimed at determining the confidence limits of design wave parameters derived from numerical modeling—for both extremes and operational conditions—over the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea. The paper presents the methodology and results of an extensive validation activity conducted on a chain of medium-resolution third-generation wave models used for hindcast purposes. The stringent requirements of state-of-the-art coastal and offshore engineering applications over this area make the adoption of medium- or high-resolution hindcast wave and wind models almost mandatory because of the complex coastal geometry, bathymetry, and orography that in turn lead to large variations of the design wave parameters even within small regions. The chains of nested meteorological and wave models used in this hindcast study belong to the ETA and WaveWatch III families, respectively. In this study the wind and wave numerical models have been run over the past 20 years, with increasing resolutions of the wave models from 0.2° up to 0.04°. The results presented herein have 0.1° resolution for both wind and wave models. The wave data obtained are compared with available measurements from 14 wave buoys in coastal zones in the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea.     

On the vibrational characteristics of a two-tier scaled container stack

It is estimated that around 10,000 containers are lost during maritime transportation every year, representing an economic loss to the liner industry. Regulations and norms used to calculate values to secure them to the ship’s deck account for static loads only, neglecting more realistic conditions. This paper describes an approach to simulate a two-tier scaled model of a 20-ft ISO freight container and its linking connectors, denominated twist locks, subject to a dynamical load induced by its base. To analyze this problem two methods were employed: a shaking table test and finite-element analysis. Results of this study indicate that the numerical model built to simulate two-tier container stack dynamics is a promising tool for further studies. Moreover, the model is able to predict conditions close to real situations faced by container stacks while stored on deck.     

Study on a procedure for propulsive performance prediction for CRP-POD systems

The experimental procedure to predict the full-scale performance of the CRP-POD propulsion system is studied. In the CRP-POD system, the RPM ratio of the two propellers is not mechanically fixed, in contrast with conventional CRP systems. Therefore the existing procedure for conventional CRP systems is not appropriate for evaluating the performance of each propeller. In this paper, the characteristics of the CRP-POD system, designed for a 9,600 TEU class container carrier, are studied experimentally. Based on this study, a procedure for propulsive performance prediction for CRP-POD propulsion ships is suggested.     

Verification and validation study of URANS simulations for an axial waterjet propelled large high-speed ship

The accurate prediction of waterjet propulsion using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is of interest for performance analyses of existing waterjet designs as well as for improvement and design optimization of new waterjet propulsion systems for high-speed marine vehicles. The present work is performed for three main purposes: (1) to investigate the capability of a URANS flow solver, CFDSHIP-IOWA, for the accurate simulation of waterjet propelled ships, including waterjet–hull interactions; (2) to carry out detailed verification and validation (V&V) analysis; and (3) to identify optimization opportunities for intake duct shape design. A concentrated effort is applied to V&V work and performance analysis of waterjet propelled simulations which form the focus of this paper. The joint high speed sealift design (JHSS), which is a design concept for very large high-speed ships operating at transit speeds of at least 36 knots using four axial flow waterjets, is selected as the initial geometry for the current work and subsequent optimization study. For self-propelled simulations, the ship accelerates until the resistance equals the prescribed thrust and added tow force, and converges to the self propulsion point (SPP). Quantitative V&V studies are performed on both barehull and waterjet appended designs, with corresponding experimental fluid dynamics (EFD) data from 1/34 scale model testing. Uncertainty assessments are performed on iterative convergence and grid size. As a result, the total resistance coefficient for the barehull case and SPP for the waterjet propelled case are validated at the average uncertainty intervals of 7.0 and 1.1%D, respectively. Predictions of CFD computations capture the general trend of resistance over the speed range of 18–42 knots, and show reasonable agreement with EFD with average errors of 1.8 and 8.0%D for the barehull and waterjet cases, respectively. Furthermore, results show that URANS is able to accurately predict the major propulsion related features such as volume flow rate, inlet wake fraction, and net jet thrust with an accuracy of ~9%D. The flow feature details inside the duct and interference of the exit jets are qualitatively well-predicted as well. It is found that there are significant losses in inlet efficiency over the speed range; hence, one objective for subsequent optimization studies could be maximizing the inlet efficiency. Overall, the V&V work indicates that the present approach is an efficient tool for predicting the performance of waterjet propelled JHSS ships and paves the way for future optimization work. The main objective of the optimization will be reduction of powering requirements by increasing the inlet efficiency through modification of intake duct shape.     

集装箱码头泊位资源动态配置优化

集装箱码头泊位系统是一个典型的排队系统,船舶可视为系统的服务对象即顾客.将泊位及与之对应的岸桥作为一个整体可视为船舶排队系统的服务台,优化配置泊位资源就是基于这一特殊的排队系统进行最优的泊位数量决策.在对集装箱码头服务系统特性分析的基础上,基于排队论对集装箱码头泊位规模的确定进了数学建模,并开发了模拟迭代算法,结合实例分析显示了模型及算法的有效性.     

船舶柴油机装配质量信息管理系统设计与开发

为了提高船舶柴油机制造企业装配质量管理的效率及质量控制的能力,针对船舶柴油机制造企业的特点,建立了基于企业内部局域网的船舶柴油机装配质量管理系统模型并探讨了系统实现中的一些关键技术.最后开发了一个船舶柴油机装配质量管理系统,实现了检验卡模板管理、检验卡生成、装配质量数据管理等功能.实际应用表明,该系统能覆盖企业装配质量管理的主要环节,并具有良好的适应性.