TiAl基合金的研制及其在汽车上的应用

介绍了TiAl基合金的性能及具制备技术,提出了采用政变显微组织和亚结构、做合金化和渗碳处理、铸造等手段,解决其存在的室温塑性较低、850℃以上抗氧化能力不足和难加工等问题。阐述了TiAl基合金在汽车排气门和涡轮增压器上的应用情况。经测试,TiAl基合金排气门及涡轮增压器转子的各项性能优良,表明TiAl基合金可成为未来高性能汽车发动机排气门和涡轮增压器转子的首选材料。     

双离合器自动变速器仿真研究

建立了双离合器自动变速器系统仿真模型,对双离合器自动变速器的动态特性进行了分析,并开发了换挡控制器。应用仿真软件对装有双离合器自动变速器的车辆进行了整车动态性能仿真。仿真结果表明,双离合器自动变速器具有和传统自动变速器相近的换挡品质。     

用深滚压技术提高曲轴疲劳强度的应用研究

发动机曲轴圆角采用深滚压工艺可大幅提高曲轴疲劳强度。通过对370Q型汽油机、376Q型汽油机和376Q型柴油机进行的曲轴负荷分析、强度估算及弯曲疲劳强度试验表明,与未滚压曲轴相比,经圆角滚压的曲轴疲劳强度增加92．3％,安全系数由1．18增加到2．28。     

YZ4108ZLQ柴油机两种方案冷却水套的CFD分析

发动机冷却水套的CFD分析是目前发动机开发过程中必不可少的计算分析方法。利用三维实体造型软件PRO／E建立模型,利用FLUENT软件对YZ4108ZLQ柴油机二气门方案与四气门方案的冷却水套进行模拟分析,得到了两者整个冷却水套中流场、压力场,分析了两种方案各自的流动特点以及两者的差异。计算结果可为指导冷却系统结构改进提供帮助。     

山区公路层间滑移破坏机理分析及对策研究

通过现场调查,初步分析了山区公路沥青路面基面层滑移的主要原因。应用有限元法,对基层和面层之间的剪应力进行计算分析,得出了基面层间剪应力变化的一般规律,认为层间最大剪应力主要取决于面层厚度和荷载条件。在前述计算分析的基础上,利用自行研制的DLG A路面材料剪切仪进行了大量的层间滑移室内模拟试验,考察了不同的层间处理措施、温度、基层类型等因素对层间抗剪能力的影响,提出了防止基面层滑移的技术措施。     

七座小客车碰撞安全性的模拟与分析

采用有限元方法分析了七座小客车碰撞安全的特性,通过特殊焊接形式和约束的施加,建立了与实车相一致的悬架和轮胎模型。整车运用施加质量点等方法,有效地保证了整车模拟碰撞过程的准确性,并成功地完成了与实验结果的对标分析。     

压密灌浆在高速公路软弱土地基中的应用

通过新乡至郑州高速公路软基处治工程,对软弱地基压密灌浆处治工程进行试验研究,总结出了压密灌浆在处理软弱土地基或路基的一些经验。     

A signal-based fault detection and classification method for heavy haul wagons

This paper proposes a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) system for heavy haul wagons considering the special requirements of low cost and robustness. The sensor network of the proposed system consists of just two accelerometers mounted on the front left and rear right of the carbody. Seven fault indicators (FIs) are proposed based on the cross-correlation analyses of the sensor-collected acceleration signals. Bolster spring fault conditions are focused on in this paper, including two different levels (small faults and moderate faults) and two locations (faults in the left and right bolster springs of the first bogie). A fully detailed dynamic model of a typical 40t axle load heavy haul wagon is developed to evaluate the deterioration of dynamic behaviour under proposed fault conditions and demonstrate the detectability of the proposed FDI method. Even though the fault conditions considered in this paper did not deteriorate the wagon dynamic behaviour dramatically, the proposed FIs show great sensitivity to the bolster spring faults. The most effective and efficient FIs are chosen for fault detection and classification. Analysis results indicate that it is possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25% and identify the fault location.     

Modelling,simulation and applications of longitudinal train dynamics

ABSTRACT

Significant developments in longitudinal train simulation and an overview of the approaches to train models and modelling vehicle force inputs are firstly presented. The most important modelling task, that of the wagon connection, consisting of energy absorption devices such as draft gears and buffers, draw gear stiffness, coupler slack and structural stiffness is then presented. Detailed attention is given to the modelling approaches for friction wedge damped and polymer draft gears. A significant issue in longitudinal train dynamics is the modelling and calculation of the input forces – the co-dimensional problem. The need to push traction performances higher has led to research and improvement in the accuracy of traction modelling which is discussed. A co-simulation method that combines longitudinal train simulation, locomotive traction control and locomotive vehicle dynamics is presented. The modelling of other forces, braking propulsion resistance, curve drag and grade forces are also discussed. As extensions to conventional longitudinal train dynamics, lateral forces and coupler impacts are examined in regards to interaction with wagon lateral and vertical dynamics. Various applications of longitudinal train dynamics are then presented. As an alternative to the tradition single wagon mass approach to longitudinal train dynamics, an example incorporating fully detailed wagon dynamics is presented for a crash analysis problem. Further applications of starting traction, air braking, distributed power, energy analysis and tippler operation are also presented.     

A robust non-Hertzian contact method for wheel–rail normal contact analysis

A modified Kik–Piotrowski (MKP) model is proposed in this paper for an accurate and robust calculation of wheel–rail normal contact problem. The presented method is able to consider the relationship between the elastic deformation of a line and the normal pressure distribution within the contact patch. A novel shape correction method is put forward to correctly describe the elastic deformation of the contact patch. Taking the results estimated by Kalker’s variational method and Kik–Piotrowski method as references, the proposed method is validated by three contact cases, including the assumed standardised non-Hertzian contact and the two-point contact, as well as the contact behaviours based on three actual wheel–rail profiles. The simulation results indicate that, compared with Kik–Piotrowski method, the proposed MKP method achieves better agreement with Kalker’s variational method. Moreover, the MKP method can avoid the abrupt change of wheel–rail normal force due to the sudden transfer of the contact point, which contributes to a better computational stability.