Ground travel mode choices of air arrivals at regional destinations: The significance of tourism attributes and destination contexts

The aim of this paper is to examine the air leisure arrivals’ ground travel mode choice in the context of their decision to disperse beyond the gateway. A stated choice experiment was designed to examine the dispersal and travel mode choice of leisure visitors arriving on air transport at Cairns. Results show that for a hypothetical public bus alternative, attributes such as ‘sightseeing opportunities’ and ‘driver quality’ were significant for trips made to less known destinations located south of Cairns, compared to destinations north of Cairns. Findings suggest that while travel mode attributes and trip characteristics are significant determinants of the mode choice of air leisure arrivals, the extent of their significance varied markedly across destinations. Although the data examined in this paper were collected in Cairns, this research should be of relevance to many regions interested in understanding the relationship between destination transport and dispersal of air arrivals.     

IP MULTICAST GROUP MANAGEMENT FOR BROADCAST LANS DISTRIBUTION

IntroductionThere are two traditional types of communica-tion in computer networks:unicastand broadcast.A unicast address (one to one) is designed to sendmessages to a single destination in a network.Abroadcast (one to all) address is used to send datato the entire network(all hosts) .Multicast(oneor many to many) can be viewed either as an inter-mediate case,or as a generalized mode encompass-ing both unicast and broadcast as special cases.Inmulticast mode,messages are sent to an arbitraryse…     

预应力CFRP板加固钢梁抗弯疲劳试验研究

首先,采用修正的Pairs公式分析粘贴预应力CFRP板加固的钢构件的疲劳裂纹扩展行为.然后通过粘贴CFRP板的预制裂纹钢梁4点弯曲进行疲劳试验研究,最后基于阻止裂纹扩展的角度提出一种初步估计加固所需预应力大小的简化计算和设计方法.结果表明,粘贴预应力CFRP板对钢梁疲劳寿命的影响很大,与预制裂纹阶段比寿命提高最高可达10倍以上.不同的预制裂纹,同样的加固措施效果差别可达10倍.采用后张法施加预应力效果很好,锚固装置可以实时控制有效预应力,且预应力损失很小.     

Four-step travel demand model implementation for estimating traffic volumes on rural low-volume roads in Wyoming

This study develops a four-step travel demand model for estimating traffic volumes for low-volume roads in Wyoming. The study utilizes urban travel behavior parameters and processes modified to reflect the rural and low-volume nature of Wyoming local roads. The methodology disaggregates readily available census block data to create transportation analysis zones adequate for estimating traffic on low-volume rural roads. After building an initial model, the predicted and actual traffic volumes are compared to develop a calibration factor for adjusting trip rates. The adjusted model is verified by comparing estimated and actual traffic volumes for 100 roads. The R-square value from fitting predicted to actual traffic volumes is determined to be 74% whereas the Percent Root Mean Square Error is found to be 50.3%. The prediction accuracy for the four-step travel demand model is found to be better than a regression model developed in a previous study.     

Construction of Early Warning Control Platform for Tunnels and Subway Engineering北大核心CSCD

Based on an introduction to the construction and application of the early warning control platform for the tunnel and subway engineering, an overall analysis of the related data during tunnel and subway construction was conducted in order to give a better reference for the site construction, to guarantee safe and rapid qualified construc⁃tion, and to improve management efficiency. Based on red line control, deformation thresholds of surrounding rock, allowances of construction material and advanced geological prediction, a dual early warning system with automatic trigging and manual prejudging was adopted to control the quality of tunnels and subways and to guarantee safe con⁃ struction; through the platform a centralized management is realized, all the construction information and effective data are transmitted instantaneously by internet, decreasing management cost and increasing work efficiency. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Using satellite observations of ocean color to categorize the dispersal patterns of river-borne substances in the Gaoping (Kaoping) River, Shelf and Canyon system

Mapping the water constituents from remotely sensed ocean color data enables a better understanding of the dispersal patterns of river-borne substances in the Gaoping (formerly spelled Kaoping) River, Shelf and Canyon (KPRSC) system. Based on twelve MODIS-Aqua images in the KPRSC region taken in 2005, we apply a newly developed GA-SA approach to derive maps of chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and non-algal particle/detritus/mineral (NAP). The results demonstrated that the different characteristics of Chl-a, CDOM and NAP make them ideal tracers for observing large-scale dispersal patterns. With ancillary information of averaged daily precipitation, the daily wind field obtained from QuikSCAT (Quick Scatterometer), and the 8-day composite of the temperature field obtained from MODIS-Aqua, we categorized the surface dispersal patterns as coastal, northwestward and frontal patterns. Also, for the first time, we observed a sudden increase of biomass on a large scale from a pair of ocean color images taken over only a 2-day interval. Another remarkable feature is the interaction between the southeastward flow and the intrusion of the Kuroshio Branch, resulting in complicated patterns with various scales of vortex structures and current fronts. The observed features could be used for model validation of the flow field of the KPRSC system.     

基于成像技术评估粗集料尺寸和形状特征

使用三维成像系统——伊利诺伊大学集料图像分析仪(UIAIA),根据已建立的UIAIA试验方法,由粗集料颗粒图像分别定义出集料基于成像技术的三维形状、尺寸、棱角性和表面构造指数。应用统计学方法,结合图像分析确定了4类常用的粗集料形状特性数据。指出了粗集料基于成像的棱角性和表面构造指数之间存在的确定性关系,并且将它们联系到实验室和现场沥青混合料的使用性能。     

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研究印度城市道路上设置公交专用道后小汽车出行向公交转移的可能性. 借助新的混合交通流仿真模型测定设置公交专用道后公交服务水平改善状况. 基于陈述偏好入户调查的抽样数据,本文还引入其他影响出行方式转移的变量,标定出行方式选择二元Logit模型. 根据实际和预测数据,确定了公交服务水平改善条件下小汽车出行向公交转移的一系列主要影响因素. 基于两种方式出行时间差,绘制出行方式转换概率曲线,并为多变量宽值域条件下交通方式转移的预测提供一种易于操作的方法.     

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模糊控制器的应用于1977年首次在文献中提出,其中指出对于有简单绿灯延时控制的单车道交叉口,模糊控制器比车辆感应式控制器更具优势。此后,模糊控制器有了进一步发展,关于交通信号控制的模糊逻辑方法的研究也进一步深入,该方法被陆续应用于无转向车流的双车道交叉口、无限制的单车道交叉口、多交叉口、相位顺序和相位时长控制、拥挤交叉口和路网等等,尤其在高负荷和不均衡交通流条件下表现出优于传统交通信号控制方法的特性。模糊逻辑方法可以改善自适应交通信号控制,改变自适应控制器和TMS的整个决策过程,很大程度上改善未来的交通需求管理方法,然而这类交通信号控制和交通需求管理方法的实际应用并不多见。在诸如沙特阿拉伯这样的发展中国家,学者应根据本国的特有情况研究基于模糊逻辑的交通信号控制与TMS的发展潜力,从而减少拥挤导致的各种损失。