预应力夹片式锚具的产品认证工作简介

根据锚具产品认证的状况,阐述产品认证质保体系审查和检验过程应该重视的一些情况,并提出对锚具现行标准的一些看法。     

Hubris or humility? Accuracy issues for the next 50 years of travel demand modeling

This study reviews the 50-year history of travel demand forecasting models, concentrating on their accuracy and relevance for public decision-making. Only a few studies of model accuracy have been performed, but they find that the likely inaccuracy in the 20-year forecast of major road projects is ±30 % at minimum, with some estimates as high as ±40–50 % over even shorter time horizons. There is a significant tendency to over-estimate traffic and underestimate costs, particularly for toll roads. Forecasts of transit costs and ridership are even more uncertain and also significantly optimistic. The greatest knowledge gap in US travel demand modeling is the unknown accuracy of US urban road traffic forecasts. Modeling weaknesses leading to these problems (non-behavioral content, inaccuracy of inputs and key assumptions, policy insensitivity, and excessive complexity) are identified. In addition, the institutional and political environments that encourage optimism bias and low risk assessment in forecasts are also reviewed. Major institutional factors, particularly low local funding matches and competitive grants, confound scenario modeling efforts and dampen the hope that technical modeling improvements alone can improve forecasting accuracy. The fundamental problems are not technical but institutional: high non-local funding shares for large projects warp local perceptions of project benefit versus costs, leading to both input errors and political pressure to fund projects. To deal with these issues, the paper outlines two different approaches. The first, termed ‘hubris’, proposes a multi-decade effort to substantially improve model forecasting accuracy over time by monitoring performance and improving data, methods and understanding of travel, but also by deliberately modifying the institutional arrangements that lead to optimism bias. The second, termed ‘humility’, proposes to openly quantify and recognize the inherent uncertainty in travel demand forecasts and deliberately reduce their influence on project decision-making. However to be successful either approach would require monitoring and reporting accuracy, standards for modeling and forecasting, greater model transparency, educational initiatives, coordinated research, strengthened ethics and reduction of non-local funding ratios so that localities have more at stake.     

YB28-630A双动薄板冲压机电气控制系统设计

介绍了双动薄板冲压机控制系统的改造方案,可编程控制器的硬、软件系统的组成,软件的设计思想.以及系统中压力信号的检测和处理方法。     

以科学发展观为指导适应和谐铁路建设需要不断开创工务工作新局面——在全路工务工作会议上的讲话(摘要)

2006年,全路工务工作在完成第六次大面积提速改造工程、确保青藏线开通运营、强化设备安全基础、深化修程修制改革、规范安全管理等方面取得了突出成绩。2007年,全路工务工作要大力提高设备质量,强化设备安全保障能力,确保第六次提速调图工作的顺利实施,管好用好青藏线,探索高速、重载条件下线桥设备的变化规律,提升检修作业的装备水平和科技含量,确保设备质量均衡和长期稳定,提高干部职工技术水平和人员素质,全面完成2007年各项任务,推动铁路又好又快的向前发展,实现和谐铁路的奋斗目标。     

Discretionary activity location choice: in-home or out-of-home?

This paper examines the location choice associated with discretionary activities (in-home vs. out-of-home). These substitution patterns are important in terms of travel demand as in-home activities do not necessitate travel while out-of-home activities incur travel. Mixed logit models are estimated using an activity dataset (2003 CHASE data) to analyze the factors associated with this choice at the individual activity-level. Results suggest that the attributes of an activity significantly contribute to understanding the likelihood of engaging in out-of-home activities. Activity type interaction terms reveal the varying influence that socio-demographics, activity attributes and travel have over four different activity types modeled. The results reveal that the location choice (in-home vs. out-of-home) is sensitive to travel characteristics. As the travel time and cost increases, an individual is less likely to engage in an activity out-of-home. Compared to passive and social activities, the location of active activities is more sensitive to changes in travel attributes.     

沉船打捞是海事执法中的热点与难点

结合工作实际详细解读沉船打捞工作中的疑难问题,并提出合理建议。     

应用SimDesigner提高悬架DMU仿真准确性

介绍在SimDesigner软件中应用衬套代替运动副的方法,建立更加准确的悬架DMU模型,通过设置零件重量参数、弹性件参数、调整静平衡位置,提高模型的准确性,使模型与实际尽量相符合,最后对比分析SimDesigner与CATIA的仿真结果。     

浅谈山区高速公路的选线

该文结合昆明新机场专用高速路的工程实际,通过设计过程中提出的A、B、K等路线方案,进行比选论证,总结出山区高速公路选线的一些体会。     

至界岭隧道层状围岩的施工体会

该文介绍了至界岭隧道穿越层状围岩段,采用锚喷支护、辅以超前锚杆进行临时支护的方法。按照弱爆破、短进尺、早支护、勤量测的原则施工,获得成功,可供类似施工参考。     

基于双CAN总线的电动汽车电池管理系统

根据所选用的锂离子动力电池组单体只数多、位置分布比较分散的特点,设计了基于双CAN总线的分布式电池管理系统(BMS),系统由若干采样模块和一个主控模块组成.介绍了电池信息采集和双CAN通信模块的硬件设计、电池荷电状态(SOC)的估算策略以及电池组安全管理策略.