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311.
T. -Y. Koo B. -Y. Kim H. -J. Shin Y. -T. Son S. -W. Kim M. -W. Suh 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2010,11(5):743-749
Driving simulators are useful tools that can be used not only to test the components of future cars, but also to evaluate
the telematics service and HMI (Human-Machine Interface). However, driving simulators that are currently available cannot
be implemented to test and evaluate a real commercial telematics service system because the GPS (Global Positioning System),
which contains basic functional support for the telematics module, does not work in the VR (virtual reality) environment.
A driving simulator, together with the GPS simulator, can be used to study the HMI to evaluate commercial CNS (Car Navigation
Systems). In this paper, Sungkyunkwan University Driving Simulator (SKUD) is developed with a GPS simulator that is able to
emulate GPS satellite signals and includes the NMEA-0183 protocol and RS232C communication standards. Furthermore, using the
SKUD, the HMI of the real commercial CNS could be investigated with driver workload assessment methods. 相似文献
312.
M. -K. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2010,11(5):751-758
License plate location is a challenging task that is necessary for automatic vehicle identification. This paper presents a
new method for locating a license plate when its size and aspect ratio are highly variable. The proposed method begins with
an assumption that a license plate exists in a region where dense edges are located. We define an edge region as an area containing
rich edges. The edge regions are created by dilating vertical edges, and they are classified into one of four types: left
fragment type, right fragment type, whole type, and undefined type. The candidates for a license plate region are constructed
by merging edge regions. Knowing what type of edge region is being examined is useful in the merging process. Finally, we
verify whether each candidate contains a license plate or not by using the character arrangement information. The arrangement
pattern is determined by the size of connected components and by the vertical overlap or horizontal distance between two neighboring
components. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives robust results regardless of any variation in the size
and aspect ratio of license plates. 相似文献
313.
为了控制暗挖施工带来的环境风险,提出了以控制地层变形为核心,以保证既有结构安全为目的的风险管理体系.该体系包括:既有结构现状评估、施工影响预测、控制方案制定、监测反馈及工后评估与恢复,在目前国内最大的暗挖地铁换乘车站——北京地铁黄庄站得到了应用,从技术上保证了环境安全.根据监测数据,10号线双层段最终地表沉降全部控制在80 mm以内,其中控制在64 mm以内的测点占总测点数的93.6%;管线测点沉降值全部小于30 mm,最大差异沉降为1.123‰.表明风险控制中制定的控制标准是合理的,施工中采取的措施是有效的. 相似文献
314.
The motion analysis of fire video images based on moment features and flicker frequency 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper, motion analysis methods based on the moment features and flicker frequency features for early fire flame from ordinary CCD video camera were proposed, and in order to describe the changing of flame and disturbance of non-flame phenomena further more, the average changing pixel number of the first-order moments of consecutive flames has been defined in the moment analysis as well. The first-order moments of all kinds of flames used in our experiments present irregularly flickering, and their average changing pixel numbers of first-order moments are greater than fire-like disturbances. For the analysis of flicker frequency of flame, which is extracted and calculated in spatial domain, and therefore it is computational simple and fast. The method of extracting flicker frequency from video images is not affected by the catalogues of combustion material and distance. In experiments, we adopted two kinds of flames, i.e. , fixed flame and movable flame. Many comparing and disturbing experiments were done and verified that the methods can be used as criteria for early fire detection. 相似文献
315.
In the US, the rise in motorized vehicle travel has contributed to serious societal, environmental, economic, and public health
problems. These problems have increased the interest in encouraging non-motorized modes of travel (walking and bicycling).
The current study contributes toward this objective by identifying and evaluating the importance of attributes influencing
bicyclists’ route choice preferences. Specifically, the paper examines a comprehensive set of attributes that influence bicycle
route choice, including: (1) bicyclists’ characteristics, (2) on-street parking, (3) bicycle facility type and amenities,
(4) roadway physical characteristics, (5) roadway functional characteristics, and (6) roadway operational characteristics.
The data used in the analysis is drawn from a web-based stated preference survey of Texas bicyclists. The results of the study
emphasize the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of both route-related attributes and bicyclists’ demographics in bicycle
route choice decisions. The empirical results indicate that travel time (for commuters) and motorized traffic volume are the
most important attributes in bicycle route choice. Other route attributes with a high impact include number of stop signs,
red light, and cross-streets, speed limits, on-street parking characteristics, and whether there exists a continuous bicycle
facility on the route.
Ipek N. Sener is currently a Ph.D. candidate in transportation engineering at The University of Texas at Austin. She received her M.S. degrees in Civil Engineering and in Architecture, and her B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. Naveen Eluru is currently a Ph.D. candidate in transportation engineering at The University of Texas at Austin. He received his M.S. degree in Civil Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin, and his Bachelors in Technology Degree from Indian Institute of Technology in Madras, India. Chandra R. Bhat is a Professor in Transportation at The University of Texas at Austin. He has contributed toward the development of advanced econometric techniques for travel behavior analysis, in recognition of which he received the 2004 Walter L. Huber Award and the 2005 James Laurie Prize from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the 2008 Wilbur S. Smith Distinguished Transportation Educator Award from the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). He is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Demand Forecasting and the International Association for Travel Behaviour Research. 相似文献
Chandra R. Bhat (Corresponding author)Email: |
Ipek N. Sener is currently a Ph.D. candidate in transportation engineering at The University of Texas at Austin. She received her M.S. degrees in Civil Engineering and in Architecture, and her B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. Naveen Eluru is currently a Ph.D. candidate in transportation engineering at The University of Texas at Austin. He received his M.S. degree in Civil Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin, and his Bachelors in Technology Degree from Indian Institute of Technology in Madras, India. Chandra R. Bhat is a Professor in Transportation at The University of Texas at Austin. He has contributed toward the development of advanced econometric techniques for travel behavior analysis, in recognition of which he received the 2004 Walter L. Huber Award and the 2005 James Laurie Prize from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the 2008 Wilbur S. Smith Distinguished Transportation Educator Award from the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). He is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Demand Forecasting and the International Association for Travel Behaviour Research. 相似文献
316.
This paper develops a comprehensive approach to the definition of transportation analysis zones (TAZ), and therein, presents
a new methodology and algorithm for the definition of TAZ embedded in geographic information systems software, improves the
base algorithm with several local algorithms, and comprehensively analyses the obtained results. The results obtained are
then compared to these presently used in the transportation analysis process of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The proposed
algorithm presents a new methodology for TAZ design based on a smoothed density surface of geocoded travel demand data. The
algorithm aims to minimise the loss of information when moving from a continuous representation of the origin and destination
of each trip to their discrete representations through zones, and focuses on the trade-off between the statistical precision,
geographical error, and the percentage of intra-zonal trips of the resulting OD matrix. The results for the Lisbon Metropolitan
Area case study suggest a significant improvement in OD matrix estimates compared to current transportation analysis practises
based on administrative units.
Luis M. Martínez is a Civil Engineer from the Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon since 2004. After finishing his degree, he started his work as researcher in the CESUR (Civil Engineering & Architecture Department—Instituto Superior Técnico) where he has been working since. In 2006 he completed his Master Thesis at Instituto Superior Técnico on Traffic Analysis Zones modeling and started his PhD studies on the theme: Metropolitan Transportation Systems Financing Using the Value Capture Concept. José Manuel Viegas is Full Professor of Transportation at the Civil Engineering & Architecture Department of the Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon. He has worked extensively in Modeling, Innovation and Policy in several types of Transport Systems. He was founder and first Director General of Transportnet, a group of eight leading European Universities with Advanced Studies in Transportation, and currently leads the Portuguese side of the Transportation Systems area in the MIT—Portugal program. Elisabete A. Silva is at the University of Cambridge (University Lecturer in Planning at the Department of Land Economy and a Fellow of Robinson College). With more than 100 contributions in peer review journals, books/books chapters, conference proceedings, and a research track record of approximately 16 years, (both at the public and private sector), her research interests are centred on the application of new technologies to spatial planning in particular city and metropolitan dynamic modelling through time. 相似文献
Elisabete A. SilvaEmail: |
Luis M. Martínez is a Civil Engineer from the Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon since 2004. After finishing his degree, he started his work as researcher in the CESUR (Civil Engineering & Architecture Department—Instituto Superior Técnico) where he has been working since. In 2006 he completed his Master Thesis at Instituto Superior Técnico on Traffic Analysis Zones modeling and started his PhD studies on the theme: Metropolitan Transportation Systems Financing Using the Value Capture Concept. José Manuel Viegas is Full Professor of Transportation at the Civil Engineering & Architecture Department of the Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon. He has worked extensively in Modeling, Innovation and Policy in several types of Transport Systems. He was founder and first Director General of Transportnet, a group of eight leading European Universities with Advanced Studies in Transportation, and currently leads the Portuguese side of the Transportation Systems area in the MIT—Portugal program. Elisabete A. Silva is at the University of Cambridge (University Lecturer in Planning at the Department of Land Economy and a Fellow of Robinson College). With more than 100 contributions in peer review journals, books/books chapters, conference proceedings, and a research track record of approximately 16 years, (both at the public and private sector), her research interests are centred on the application of new technologies to spatial planning in particular city and metropolitan dynamic modelling through time. 相似文献
317.
Erika Spissu Abdul Rawoof Pinjari Ram M. Pendyala Chandra R. Bhat 《Transportation》2009,36(4):403-422
In this paper, a joint model of vehicle type choice and utilization is formulated and estimated on a data set of vehicles
drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The joint discrete–continuous model system formulated in this study
explicitly accounts for common unobserved factors that may affect the choice and utilization of a certain vehicle type (i.e.,
self-selection effects). A new copula-based methodology is adopted to facilitate model estimation without imposing restrictive
distribution assumptions on the dependency structures between the errors in the discrete and continuous choice components.
The copula-based methodology is found to provide statistically superior goodness-of-fit when compared with previous estimation
approaches for joint discrete–continuous model systems. The model system, when applied to simulate the impacts of a doubling
in fuel price, shows that individuals are more likely to shift vehicle type choices than vehicle usage patterns.
Erika Spissu is currently a Research Fellow at the University of Cagliari (Italy). She received her Ph.D. from the University of Palermo and University of Cagliari (Italy) in Transport techniques and economics. She spent the past 2 years at The University of Texas at Austin as a Research Scholar focusing primarily in activity-based travel behavior modeling, time use analysis, and travel demand forecasting. Abdul Pinjari is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of South Florida, Tampa. His research interests include time-use and travel-behavior analysis, and activity-based approaches to travel-demand forecasting. He has his Ph.D. from The University of Texas at Austin. Ram M. Pendyala is a Professor of Transportation Systems in the Department of Civil, Environmental, and Sustainable Engineering at Arizona State University. He teaches and conducts research in travel behavior analysis, travel demand modeling and forecasting, activity-based microsimulation approaches, and time use. He specializes in integrated land use-transport models, transport policy formulation, and public transit planning and design. He is currently the Vice-Chair of the International Association for Travel Behavior Research and is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Traveler Behavior and Values. He has his PhD from the University of California at Davis. Chandra R. Bhat is a Professor in Transportation at The University of Texas at Austin. He has contributed toward the development of advanced econometric techniques for travel behavior analysis, in recognition of which he received the 2004 Walter L. Huber Award and the 2005 James Laurie Prize from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the 2008 Wilbur S. Smith Distinguished Transportation Educator Award from the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). He is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Demand Forecasting and the International Association for Travel Behaviour Research. 相似文献
Chandra R. Bhat (Corresponding author)Email: |
Erika Spissu is currently a Research Fellow at the University of Cagliari (Italy). She received her Ph.D. from the University of Palermo and University of Cagliari (Italy) in Transport techniques and economics. She spent the past 2 years at The University of Texas at Austin as a Research Scholar focusing primarily in activity-based travel behavior modeling, time use analysis, and travel demand forecasting. Abdul Pinjari is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of South Florida, Tampa. His research interests include time-use and travel-behavior analysis, and activity-based approaches to travel-demand forecasting. He has his Ph.D. from The University of Texas at Austin. Ram M. Pendyala is a Professor of Transportation Systems in the Department of Civil, Environmental, and Sustainable Engineering at Arizona State University. He teaches and conducts research in travel behavior analysis, travel demand modeling and forecasting, activity-based microsimulation approaches, and time use. He specializes in integrated land use-transport models, transport policy formulation, and public transit planning and design. He is currently the Vice-Chair of the International Association for Travel Behavior Research and is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Traveler Behavior and Values. He has his PhD from the University of California at Davis. Chandra R. Bhat is a Professor in Transportation at The University of Texas at Austin. He has contributed toward the development of advanced econometric techniques for travel behavior analysis, in recognition of which he received the 2004 Walter L. Huber Award and the 2005 James Laurie Prize from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the 2008 Wilbur S. Smith Distinguished Transportation Educator Award from the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). He is the immediate past chair of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Demand Forecasting and the International Association for Travel Behaviour Research. 相似文献
318.
Philippe Barla Bernard Lamonde Luis F. Miranda-Moreno Nathalie Boucher 《Transportation》2009,36(4):389-402
This paper presents estimates of the rebound effect and other elasticities for the Canadian light-duty vehicle fleet using
panel data at the provincial level from 1990 to 2004. We estimate a simultaneous three-equation model of aggregate demand
for vehicle kilometers traveled, vehicle stock and fuel efficiency. Price and income elasticities obtained are broadly consistent
with those reported in the literature. Among other results, an increase in the fuel price of 10% would reduce driving by ~2%
in the long term and by 1% the average fuel consumption rate. Estimates of the short- and long-term rebound effects are ~8
and 20%, respectively. We also find that an increase in the gross domestic product per capita of 10% would cause an increase
in driving distance of 2–3% and an increase of up to 4% in vehicle stock per adult. In terms of policy implications, our results
suggest that: (1) the effectiveness of new fuel efficiency standards will be somewhat mitigated by the rebound effect and
(2) fuel price increases have limited impacts on gasoline demand.
Philippe Barla is full professor at the economics department of Université Laval. He is currently the director of the research center GREEN and is a member of CDAT. He is conducting theoretical and empirical research on energy efficiency in the transportation sector. Bernard Lamonde obtained his MA in economics in 2007 working on this project. He is working as an economist for Agence de l’efficacité énergique du Québec. Luis Miranda-Moreno is professor at McGill Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics. He was post-doctoral student at CDAT when this research was carried out. His research interests include road safety, travel behaviour and demand modeling. Nathalie Boucher holds a PhD in economics from Queens’ University. She is the executive director the CDAT a research center dedicated to improving knowledge about energy use in the Canadian private and commercial transportation sector. 相似文献
Philippe BarlaEmail: |
Philippe Barla is full professor at the economics department of Université Laval. He is currently the director of the research center GREEN and is a member of CDAT. He is conducting theoretical and empirical research on energy efficiency in the transportation sector. Bernard Lamonde obtained his MA in economics in 2007 working on this project. He is working as an economist for Agence de l’efficacité énergique du Québec. Luis Miranda-Moreno is professor at McGill Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics. He was post-doctoral student at CDAT when this research was carried out. His research interests include road safety, travel behaviour and demand modeling. Nathalie Boucher holds a PhD in economics from Queens’ University. She is the executive director the CDAT a research center dedicated to improving knowledge about energy use in the Canadian private and commercial transportation sector. 相似文献
319.
<Emphasis Type="Italic">Not</Emphasis> driving alone? American commuting in the twenty-first century
This paper investigates recent commuting trends by American workers. Unlike most studies of commuting that rely on data from
the American Community Survey this study utilizes the American Time Use Survey to detail the complex commuting patterns of
modern-day workers. Changes in the price of gasoline in recent years suggest that the incidence of “driving alone” should
be on the decline. Indeed, results show that the sensitivity of modal commuting with respect to changes in gasoline prices
appears to be relatively large. We estimate the gasoline-price elasticity of driving alone to be 0.057 and the gasoline-price
elasticity of carpooling to be 0.502. Additional factors also affect commuting, including socio-economic characteristics and
social desires. However, it is changes in gasoline prices that appear to account for nearly all of the recent variation in
the mode chosen for commuting. 相似文献
320.
This study presents a unified framework to understand the weekday recreational activity participation time-use of adults,
with an emphasis on the time expended in physically active recreation pursuits by location and by time-of-day. Such an analysis
is important for a better understanding of how individuals incorporate physical activity into their daily activities on a
typical weekday, and can inform the development of effective policy interventions to facilitate physical activity. Furthermore,
such a study of participation and time use in recreational activity episodes contributes to activity-based travel demand modeling,
since recreational activity participation comprises a substantial share of individuals’ total non-work activity participation.
The methodology employed here is the multiple discrete continuous extreme value (MDCEV) model, which provides a unified framework
to explicitly and endogenously examine time use by type, location, and timing. The data for the empirical analysis is drawn
from the 2000 Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS), supplemented with other secondary sources that provide information on physical
environment variables. To our knowledge, this is the first study to jointly address the issues of ‘where’, ‘when’ and ‘how
much’ individuals choose to participate in ‘what type of (recreational) activity’. 相似文献