美军轮式和履带式装备铁路制式加固器材

介绍了美军几种常用的轮式和履带式装备铁路制式加固器材--轮挡、拉牵绳的种类、结构组成、使用方法以及在运输工具上采取的技术措施.为研究分析美军铁路运输加固器材奠定了基础,也为我军铁路制式加固器材的研发和应用提供了参考.     

浅谈如何做好基层公路管理单位的管理工作

结合在基层公路管理单位的工作实践,对存在的问题进行分析,并提出相应的解决办法。     

基于小波分析和神经网络的异步电机早期故障诊断

针对异步电机早期定子故障诊断,根据电机定子故障的特点,采用小波变换极大模分析法检测故障信号突变点的位置;利用小波包各个频带能量的变化完成能最特征提取,采用BP神经网络故障识别算法识别电机的各种运行状态来诊断电机早期故障.仿真实验结果表明,小波分析和神经网络算法的结合能有效定位并检测异步电机的早期故障.     

波形钢腹板连续刚构桥静力特性分析

以主跨为160m的波形钢腹板和预应力混凝土桥为研究对象,通过数据模拟分析,比较了2种结构的预应力效应、温度梯度、温度变化、成桥状态下的应力分布和徐变收缩等影响.计算结果表明:与预应力混凝土桥相比,波形钢腹板桥的预应力效率高,但徐变收缩导致的预应力损失大,受温度影响略小.     

小型汽油机的性能改进研究

针对传统小型汽油机普遍存在结构和设计缺陷而导致性能欠佳的现象,从点火系统、进气系统、燃烧系统、燃料供给系统等方面进行改进,并进行实例试验研究.试验结果表明:改进后的发动机平均功率值提高了46.58%;平均扭矩值提高了47.02%;平均燃油消耗率值降低了31.39%,但燃油消耗量上升了1.31%;最大扭矩上升了44.36...     

下拉索对多塔斜拉桥主梁的影响

应用常规两塔斜拉桥的计算方法,得出了下拉索体系多塔斜拉桥的简化静力计算公式;建立了有限元分析模型,以下拉索的位置设置为参数,分析了下拉索布置对主梁受力的影响.结果表明:设置下拉索局部地增加了主梁轴力,但弯矩却相应地减小,对主梁的承载影响较小.     

Sharing piping CAD models of ocean plants based on international standards

In the shipbuilding industry, different computer-aided design (CAD) systems are used for different design domains, structure, and outfitting. We need to exchange data among different CAD systems such as Tribon, AutoCAD, Intergraph or PDMS to complete the whole design and production process. There are two approaches to data exchange. One is direct translation; the other is indirect translation, which is based on a neutral format. If we use a neutral format, the data specification is open to the public and the design model can be used by other CAD systems, including next-generation CAD systems. In this paper, we propose an indirect method that uses ISO 10303 (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data) AP227 and ISO 15926 to define neutral formats. A separate ShapeDB is constructed to manage the geometry information, referenced to the catalogue data defined by ISO 15926. An experimental implementation for data exchange between Tribon and PDMS is described.     

Verification of a simplified analytical method for predictions of ship groundings over large contact surfaces by numerical simulations

In this paper, a verification is presented of a simplified analytical method for the predictions from numerical simulations of structural performance during ship groundings over seabed obstacles with large contact surfaces and trapezoidal cross-section. This simplified analytical method was developed by Lin Hong and Jørgen Amdahl and calculates grounding characteristics, such as resistance and distortion energy, for double-bottomed ships in shoal grounding accidents. Two finite-element models are presented. One was built for a hold, and the other was built for a hold and a ship hull girder and also considers sectional properties, ship mass, added mass and the hydrodynamic restoring force. The verification was completed by comparing horizontal and vertical resistances and the distortion energy between seven numerical-simulation cases and a set of corresponding cases computed by a simplified analytical method. The results show that the resistances obtained by the simplified analytical method are close to the mean values of the resistance curves obtained by numerical simulations. The comparisons prove that the energy dissipation-prediction capability of the simplified analytical method is valuable. Thus, the simplified analytical method is feasible for assessing ship groundings over seabed obstacles with large contact surfaces and trapezoidal cross-section. Furthermore, studies of the influence of ship motion during groundings ascertained that ship motion affects structural performance characteristics. Resistances are lessened at the end of the grounding due to the reduction of indentations caused by heave and pitch motions of the ship hull girder. Finally, a new method for predicting the structural performance of the time-consuming complete-ship model by applying a combination of normal numerical simulations and ship-motion calculations is proposed and proven.     

小型艇舷侧结构碰撞损伤性能研究

船舶碰撞是在巨大冲击载荷作用下的一种复杂非线性瞬态响应过程。对于常用的小型艇而言,其体积小、总体结构刚度比较弱,因而对于碰撞所带来的破坏性更为敏感。本文运用MSC.dytran计算程序建模计算,着重分析小型艇舷侧结构碰撞损伤特性,最终获得了小型艇的碰撞损伤主要是艇体的总体弯曲变形,损伤变形区域占全船的比例较大,且艇体结构通常不会出现断裂破坏等相关结论。     

模糊控制有源电力滤波器在电力推进船舶中应用

电力推进船舶中,由于电力电子开关器件在推进电机变频调速装置中的广泛应用,使之在船舶电力系统中产生了大量的谐波,通常的解决方案是施加无源LC滤波器装置.近年来,克服了无源滤波器种种不足的有源电力滤波器(Active Power Filter,APF)得到了快速发展,该文将APF应用到电力推进船舶的电力系统中,并将模糊控制策略分别应用到并联型APF的电流跟踪环节和直流测电压控制环节.仿真结果表明,与常规的并联型APF相比,该文提出的基于模糊策略的APF具有更好的谐波抑制性能.