长三角地区限制性航道断面尺度确定方法探讨

目前行驶在长江三角洲限制性航道上的船型与GB 50139—2004《内河通航标准》所列的设计船型尺度有一定的差别,交通运输部规划的集装箱船型在GB 50139—2004《内河通航标准》中没有列入,限制性航道尺度确定只有规范最小取值没有计算公式,但在实际应用过程中,航道尺度与船型尺度是直接相关的.结合相关航道设计经验,探讨如何根据设计船型尺度合理确定限制性航道设计尺度的方法.     

玻璃钢球鼻首导流罩结构设计

介绍了玻璃钢球鼻首导流罩的结构设计方案流程,重点探讨了球鼻首构架形式设计,并利用MSC-Nastran大型有限元分析软件对导流罩强度和稳定性进行校核计算。结果表明:该方案可以满足声纳导流罩的强度和声学性能要求,为以后进行玻璃钢球鼻首导流罩的设计提供参考。     

三峡库区某短加筋挡土墙数值模拟分析

在特定工况下,采用短加筋挡墙是不得已的选择。本文采用Plaxis数值模拟软件,对三峡库区某短加筋挡墙受力与变形特征进行了数值模拟和参数分析。研究结果表明：短加筋挡土墙体与被挡土体之间存在明显的位移突变现象;短加筋挡墙水平位移在挡墙中部偏下的位置最大,呈“腰鼓状”鼓出;筋材与挡墙中打设的锚杆连接后,能明显改变筋材的受力和变形情况,加筋效果更接近于正常设计加筋土挡墙。     

老城区填海地层顶管工作井施工技术研究

该文介绍了湛江市霞山污水管网工程干管约7.8 km长的顶管工程施工。针对老城区填海地层复杂的地质特点,通过预先在沉井外侧设置复合止水帷幕,解决了动水、承压水、流砂层夹硬夹层(铁质胶结物)这种复杂地质条件下的沉井下沉问题;针对老城区工作井距离建筑物较近的问题,普通沉井无法施工的难点,提出了复合止水帷幕逆作井技术,并取得了良好的经济效益。     

新型耐久彩色涂层铺装技术研究

近年来,彩色路面在国内的应用越来越多,其中以彩色涂层和薄层应用为主,但在应用过程中显现出诸多问题,使得彩色路面的耐久性不足。主要原因就是原材料,特别是胶结料的性能上存在一些缺陷。该文主要介绍了一种新型耐久彩色涂层的材料试验性能及其施工工艺,为彩色涂层铺装提供了一种新材料、新技术,大大提高了彩色涂层铺装的耐久性。     

Design methodology to reduce the chest deflection in US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests

There have not been many studies on the factors that affect chest deflection, although the US NCAP thoracic injury criterion was recently shifted from the 3-msec clip to chest deflection. This study explored these factors and proposed a design methodology for the factors to minimize chest deflection. Because injuries can become severe if the driver crashes against the vehicle interior, this study also sought a solution using a penalty function to prevent crashes with the interior and minimize injuries. First, a MADYMO model was made to simulate US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests by one-to-one and stochastic verifications. Second, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to find the major factors that affect chest deflection. Lastly, the factors identified via the sensitivity analysis were optimized to propose design guidelines that helped vehicles receive high star ratings in US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests and helped minimize the possibility of hard contact between the driver and the vehicle interior by utilizing a penalty function and the Taguchi method.     

Development of a control strategy based on the transmission efficiency with mechanical loss for a dual mode power split-type hybrid electric vehicle

In this study, a control strategy for a dual mode power split-type hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is developed based on the powertrain efficiency. To evaluate the transmission characteristics of the dual mode power split transmission (PST), a mechanical loss model of the transmission (TM loss) is constructed. The transmission efficiency, including the TM loss, is evaluated for the dual mode PST. Two control strategies for the dual mode PST are proposed. An optimal operation line (OOL) control strategy is developed to maintain a high engine thermal efficiency by controlling the engine operation point on the OOL. A speed ratio (SR) control strategy is proposed to obtain a greater transmission efficiency by shifting the engine operation point when the dual mode PST operates near the mechanical points. Using the TM loss and the proposed control strategies, a vehicle performance simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the two control strategies for dual mode PST. The simulation results demonstrate that, for the SR control strategy, the engine efficiency decreases because the engine operates beyond the OOL. However, the transmission efficiency of the dual mode PST increases because the PST operates near the mechanical point where the PST shows the greatest transmission efficiency. Consequently, the fuel economy of the SR control strategy is improved by 3.8% compared with the OOL control strategy.     

Robust design optimization of suspension system by using target cascading method

This study presents the robust design optimization process of suspension system for improving vehicle dynamic performance (ride comfort, handling stability). The proposed design method is so called target cascading method where the design target of the system is cascaded from a vehicle level to a suspension system level. To formalize the proposed method in the view of design process, the design problem structure of suspension system is defined as a (hierarchical) multilevel design optimization, and the design problem for each level is solved using the robust design optimization technique based on a meta-model. Then, In order to verify the proposed design concept, it designed suspension system. For the vehicle level, 44 random variables with 3% of coefficient of variance (COV) were selected and the proposed design process solved the problem by using only 88 exact analyses that included 49 analyses for the initial meta-model and 39 analyses for SAO. For the suspension level, 54 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and the optimal designs solved the problem by using only 168 exact analyses for the front suspension system. Furthermore, 73 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and optimal designs solved the problem by using only 252 exact analyses for the rear suspension system. In order to compare the vehicle dynamic performance between the optimal design model and the initial design model, the ride comfort and the handling stability was analyzed and found to be improved by 16% and by 37%, respectively. This result proves that the suggested design method of suspension system is effective and systematic.     

常压燃料电池系统膜增湿器与焓轮增湿器性能比较

为比较用于大功率燃料电池系统的膜增湿器和焓轮增湿器性能,基于一维扩散方程建立了膜增湿器性能分析模型,基于表面扩散方程建立了焓轮增湿器性能分析模型,模拟了各操作参数对二者性能的影响,模拟结果与实验数据符合良好。分析表明,低空气流量、高进气温度和高转轮转速有利于提高焓轮增湿器表面扩散系数,膜增湿器内水含量梯度随空气流量增加而减小并在进气温度约40℃时达到最小值;焓轮增湿器动态响应能力优于膜增湿器。     

化学武器在海洋环境中的性能研究

化学武器一旦在海战场上使用,将会对水面舰艇构成巨大威胁,化学武器的杀伤特点与海洋环境密切相关,为减轻化学武器威胁,有必要了解化学武器在海洋环境中的性能特点。通过数学模型研究化学武器在海洋环境中的性能,研究结果表明,随着风速的增大,化学武器在短时间内的杀伤作用增强,杀伤作用持续时间缩短,舰船如能在化学武器袭击后,远离爆炸中心,可减轻化学武器造成的伤害。化学武器在海洋中的瞬时杀伤作用不及陆地,但其杀伤作用持续时间更长一些。