160km/h快速货车空气制动机选型分析

从作用方式、主控机构、关键部件的材质、工作制式等角度对160 km/h快速货车空气制动机进行了选型分析.     

Lagrangian modelling of plankton motion: From deceptively simple random walks to Fokker–Planck and back again

The movement of plankton, either by turbulent mixing or their own inherent motility, can be simulated in a Lagrangian framework as a random walk. Validation of random walk simulations is essential. There is a continuum of mathematically valid stochastic integration schemes upon which random walk simulations depend, each of which lead to radically different macro-scale dynamics as expressed in their corresponding Fokker–Planck equations. In addition, diffusivity is not a unique parameter describing a random walk and its corresponding Fokker–Planck equation. Spatially varying translation speed and turn frequency have different effects on population distributions. Validation requires extra information either in the form of the well-mixed condition for physical diffusion, or in detailed information on the sensing ability, internal state modulation and swimming response for plankton motility.     

Quantifying individuals’ trade-offs between privacy,liberty and security: The case of rail travel in UK

Public transport systems have been targets in several terrorist attacks, notably in recent years, resulting in tight security measures worldwide. However, individuals’ privacy and liberty often conflict with efforts towards safety and security, making it difficult to assess the implications of security measures balanced against the costs (e.g., citizens may be stopped, searched and asked to provide personal identification data to authorities without any particular reason). Henceforth, our research question asks, “to what extent would people sacrifice their right to privacy and liberty in exchange for potentially safer and more secure travel?” This paper uses a stated choice experiment to quantify individuals’ trade-offs between privacy and security within a real-life context, namely rail travel in the UK. Using a nationwide sample, the empirical analysis yields the importance of improvements in the security infrastructure and identifies areas of concern with regard to privacy and liberty controlling for travel related factors. Further, trade-offs across different security measures for rail travel are quantified in terms of individuals’ willingness-to-pay extra on top of the average ticket price.     

一种基于灵敏度矩阵进行桥梁损伤识别的方法

重点研究了一种基于灵敏度矩阵对桥梁进行损伤识别的方法。基于振动分析的矩阵摄动理论,首先讨论了求取模态参数对结构物理参数灵敏度矩阵的方法,形成灵敏度矩阵的过程中避免了偏微分计算;基于灵敏度矩阵,建立了桥梁的损伤识别模型,并给出了此模型具体的求解方法;然后利用Guyan缩减的方法来缩减结构的模态自由度,保证了在进行损伤识别的过程中利用较少的模态参数,进而提高了方法的实用性;最后把所述方法应用于三跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的实际损伤诊断工程。结果表明,利用所述方法进行预应力混凝土连续梁桥的损伤识别是有效的。     

自航式耙吸挖泥船艉密封管理和改进

自航式挖泥船艉密封工作环境恶劣,使用寿命普遍较低,经常发生因为艉密封漏油,需要紧急进坞的现象,增加了船舶的运营成本,降低了船舶的生产率。文章从自航式挖泥船艉密封的工作特点、使用寿命较低的成因、在日常管理当中应该注意的事项等进行深入浅出的分析说明,并试图找出一些合适的解决办法,以延长自航式挖泥船艉密封的使用寿命。对不同的船舶来说,艉密封是有差异的,具体实施还要因船而异。     

博莱高速公路苗山段岩质边坡生态防护应用研究

阐述了博山-莱芜高速公路苗山段的路堑岩石边坡的生态防护试验情况,对喷混植生生态防护的原理、护坡植物选择、植生基材配方、施工工艺及试验效果进行了系统分析,提出了该技术需要进一步研究的内容及方向。     

悬空支撑体系在水上盖梁施工中的优化设计

新建海河大桥南引桥墩柱较高且为方形墩柱、水上作业施工,若直接使用传统的施工方法很难确保盖梁工程的安全和质量。经过对传统方法的改进,对整个支撑体系进行了优化组合,通过材料的周转,在较经济的投入下,盖梁工程经过2个多月的施工,取得了预期的效果。优化设计后的悬空支撑体系,给类似工程的施工提供了一定的借鉴。     

Issue Definition and Planning for Whalewatching Management Strategies in Ensenada,Mexico

The exceptional growth of whalewatching in Baja California Sur (BCS) and other parts of Mexico during the last 10 years motivated the design and implementation of a Mexican whalewatching law based on experiences in BCS. However, recent research in the Ensenada whalewatching area confirms that this law is insufficient in this area because whalewatching boats and other fishing, cruising, or drifting boats influence the behavior (swimming direction and velocity) of migrating gray whales. In the long term, the migration corridor might be displaced offshore, and whalewatching may become infeasible. This study proposes a management planning process to adapt regulations to this area, to promote adherence to regulations by encouraging self-regulation and strengthening law enforcement, and to enhance the tourist service on board. The actors involved were identified.