Urban transportation modeling: The discussion continues

This article is a response to John Polak's article, entitled, A Comment on Supernak's Critique of Transport Modeling, published elsewhere in this issue of TRANSPORTATION. It offers necessary clarifications to the issues discussed in an earlier article in this journal (Supernak, 1983). It also responds to the philosophical issues discussed in Polak's article, such as the nature of transport phenomena, and the role, form and methodology of transport modeling.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

新一代ATS系统在重庆轻轨3号线的应用

介绍了铁科院最新研制的基于CBTC的ATS系统,以及在重庆轻轨3号线的应用情况,包括系统结构,主要技术实现,以及应用特点。     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

重载列车作用下隧道基底荷载特征及动力学响应分析

通过对朔黄铁路三家村隧道基底在重载列车作用下的现场测试,统计分析了不同围岩区段基底填充层的动应力幅值,借助于静态换算土柱法,获得了基底的冲击系数。以此为基础,建立了列车-隧道-轨道结构耦合分析模型,分析了列车振动荷载作用下隧道基底结构的动态响应及冲击系数。结果表明:不同围岩级别下钢轨下方动静比平均值分布在1.8～2.08之间,道心处动静比平均值分布在1.0～1.1之间,钢轨下方的动静比约为道心处的2倍,理论计算与实测冲击系数误差最大为7.4%。另外,采用换算荷载推演大轴重列车的荷载特征是可行的,以此确定的基底填充表面的动应力约为120 kPa。     

地铁轨道安装方面的设计优化

以郑州地铁1号线一期工程的轨道配合施工为例,从钢轨数量计算、铺轨基地选择、轨道专业与人防门专业接口、立柱式检查坑道床等方面分析轨道施工过程中出现的问题,指出地铁轨道专业在设计阶段存在的不足,并提出地铁轨道优化设计的建议。     

大准铁路TDCS系统升级方案研究

结合大准铁路复线改造工程的进展,对列车调度指挥系统由TDCS升级到CTC的必要性、工程实施模式、具体实施方案、后续的维护管理等进行了深入细致地研究,提出了实现运输生产秩序不受影响,工程实施平稳、无缝过渡的具体实施方案。     

直线电机列车-高架桥系统动力相互作用分析

采用模态综合技术,建立直线电机轨道交通系统的车桥动力相互作用分析模型,对直线感应电机轨道交通系统的电磁力的产生及其对列车、高架桥梁的动力作用进行理论分析和研究,指出这是进一步研究城铁高架桥梁的动力响应以及直线电机列车在桥上的运行安全问题的一种可能途径。     

外加电流补偿方法静电场抑制效果研究

在深入研究外加电流补偿方法基础上,分析了补偿阳极位置、补偿阳极输出电流对静电场抑制效果的影响,结合船模试验验证了分析结论.试验结果表明,补偿阳极位置应尽量靠近螺旋桨,才能保证补偿电流对静电场的抑制效果;补偿阳极输出电流增加到一定程度时,静电场抑制效果最佳.