焊前预处理对AlSi10MgMn真空压铸件与铝型材MIG焊接气孔的影响

AlSi10MgMn真空压铸铝合金在MIG焊接存在气孔,其连接方式的选择一定程度上受限,通过对Al?Si10MgMn真空压铸铝合金和型材件进行焊前预处理(氧化皮打磨、酒精清洗、预热处理)后进行MIG焊接,分析了该方案对于焊接气孔的改善效果,结果发现焊前预处理对AlSi10MgMn真空压铸铝合金和型材件MIG焊接气孔改善效果明显,焊缝接头剖面平均气孔率由1.14%降低为0.73%,同时发现焊缝接头剖面中心区域显微硬度值最高,接头强度为180 MPa,接头效率为75%,焊前预处理对显微硬度和接头强度基本无影响。     

正交异性组合桥面构造优化

正交异性组合桥面由于其较好的抗疲劳性能和静力承载能力、相对较轻的自重近年来在实际工程中得到较多应用。正交异性组合桥面通常由正交异性钢板和混凝土层组成,在加入混凝土层后结构刚度发生较大变化,若正交异性板仍采用传统正交异性钢桥面的构造形式将会造成不必要的钢材用量和焊接量增加。采用遗传算法,以单位面积造价最小为目标,结合现有规范考虑了构造约束和承载能力约束两类约束条件,采用两种应力控制方案,对不同桥面板跨度和混凝土厚度的正交异性组合桥面的构造进行优化。同时解决了构造改变导致荷载分配改变对承载能力分析造成的影响。优化结果表明,桥面跨度4.5m时,与未优化组合桥面相比,优化方案用钢量可降低1.7%~10.1%,焊接量可降低16.5%~31.8%。     

汽车轻量化开展流程及方法研究

虽然国内汽车轻量化技术有了较快的发展,但在系统性开展轻量化工作的流程和方法上依然在摸索中前进.本文通过研究国内外轻量化开展现状,初步搭建了整车轻量化开展流程,制定出一套完整的重量管控流程,尝试提出了整车轻量化新的评价方法,努力推动建立一套规范的、切实可行的轻量化工作流程体系,以促进汽车主机厂降重节能减排的顺利实施以及轻...     

冷藏集装箱监测系统的现状与发展趋势

本文分析了冷藏集装箱的现状并在冷藏集装箱监测系统需求分析的基础上,针对目前冷藏集装箱监控系统的缺点,提出了未来冷藏集装箱监测系统的发展趋势。     

上海港国际集装箱中转箱量发展趋势

1上海港集装箱中转箱量发展现状近3年来,上海港集装箱中转业务稳定发展,中转箱量逐年提高。表1显示了2004年以来上海港中转箱量的发展情况。表1上海港2004～2006年中转箱量／万TEU     

新型透空式块体促淤堤断面阻力特性试验

针对一种空心四面块体促淤堤断面开展阻力特性的试验研究,并与传统抛石加护面块体促淤堤试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：1)当水流雷诺数较小、可以形成促淤堤的非淹没状态时,在同一水流雷诺数条件下,空心四面块体促淤堤断面阻力系数可以用2段折线表达,折线的拐点基本对应于促淤堤的临界淹没状态,随着水流雷诺数增大,2段折线的斜率逐渐趋同;2)当水流雷诺数较大、无法形成促淤堤的非淹没状态时,在同一水流雷诺数条件下,空心四面块体促淤堤断面阻力系数可以用单一直线表达;3)提出可用于计算空心四面块体促淤堤断面阻力系数的方法,该方法也适应于一般透水堤。     

Rapid first-stage tests of on-ship infection

Protection against on-ship infectious disease—whether due to mishap or to harmful purpose—faces special situational problems. Sometimes, when infection levels on board have reached threshold levels, emergency actions are required. Often, the most thorough strategies for responding to threat are not feasible. A rapid first-stage test (RFT) is a fast, minimally invasive procedure used to rule out from possible infection a large percentage of an infection-threatened group. Prevention and control of on-ship infection need to combine various interconnected tactics. When timely criterion tests are not possible, the medical team must adopt fast alternative measures. The methods used to summarize protection against on-ship infectious agents included a scientific literature review and a web search. The fields of the review were maritime, health, and technology sources. Special attention was paid to material dealing with risks and threats of on-ship penetration by infectious agents, on-ship infection prevalence thresholds, and rapid diagnostic screens. The Bayes rule and the law of large numbers were applied to the analysis, for large on-ship populations, of RFT indications of crossing of an infection prevalence threshold. The increasing risk of serious on-ship infection—either accidental or purposeful—calls for a multi-layered protection approach. RFTs are a key part of the outer layer of such a defense. Well-designed and well-administered RFTs provide several advantages for defense against on-ship infection: low-cost, non-invasive, fast, and focuses on a drastically smaller number of infection possibilities.     

基于新版SCFI衍生品市场的操纵前瞻性

为促进上海航运中心软环境建设,以航运衍生品交易市场为研究对象,通过定性分析,认为集装箱运费指数衍生品交易市场的操纵力量来源最可能是航运企业,然后以我国主要的航运企业为样本运用统计指标,分析得出大型航运企业能形成对航运衍生品交易市场的操纵。     

舰机协同反潜导航问题研究

文章从目前舰机协同反潜中存在的导航精度不高和抗干扰性差的问题出发,分析了影响反潜导航的因素,提出了应用舰艇编队雷达组网方法提高导航能力的思路。     

Characteristics of premium transit services that affect mode choice

This research seeks to improve the understanding of the full range of determinants for mode choice behavior and to offer practical solutions to practitioners on representing and distinguishing these characteristics in travel demand forecasting models. The principal findings were that the representation of awareness of transit services is significantly different than the underlying assumption of mode choice and forecasting models that there is perfect awareness and consideration of all modes. Furthermore, inclusion of non-traditional transit attributes and attitudes can improve mode choice models and reduce bias constants. Additional methods and analyses are necessary to bring these results into practice. The work is being conducted in two phases. This paper documents the results of Phase I, which included data collection for one case study city (Salt Lake City), research and analysis of non-traditional transit attributes in mode choice models, awareness of transit services, and recommendations for bringing these analyses into practice. Phase II will include data collection for two additional case study cities (Chicago and Charlotte) with minor modifications based on limitations identified in Phase I, additional analyses where Phase I results indicated a need, and a demonstration of the research in practice for at least one case study city.