全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10956篇 |
免费 | 175篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 2595篇 |
综合类 | 1342篇 |
水路运输 | 3439篇 |
铁路运输 | 1286篇 |
综合运输 | 2469篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 53篇 |
2022年 | 165篇 |
2021年 | 159篇 |
2020年 | 113篇 |
2019年 | 100篇 |
2018年 | 223篇 |
2017年 | 148篇 |
2016年 | 196篇 |
2015年 | 172篇 |
2014年 | 327篇 |
2013年 | 1389篇 |
2012年 | 514篇 |
2011年 | 635篇 |
2010年 | 477篇 |
2009年 | 592篇 |
2008年 | 572篇 |
2007年 | 601篇 |
2006年 | 534篇 |
2005年 | 468篇 |
2004年 | 339篇 |
2003年 | 231篇 |
2002年 | 189篇 |
2001年 | 200篇 |
2000年 | 194篇 |
1999年 | 118篇 |
1998年 | 155篇 |
1997年 | 124篇 |
1996年 | 161篇 |
1995年 | 166篇 |
1994年 | 98篇 |
1993年 | 194篇 |
1992年 | 170篇 |
1991年 | 87篇 |
1990年 | 88篇 |
1989年 | 59篇 |
1988年 | 74篇 |
1987年 | 67篇 |
1986年 | 60篇 |
1985年 | 79篇 |
1984年 | 75篇 |
1983年 | 73篇 |
1982年 | 73篇 |
1981年 | 95篇 |
1980年 | 68篇 |
1979年 | 91篇 |
1978年 | 56篇 |
1977年 | 69篇 |
1976年 | 53篇 |
1975年 | 65篇 |
1974年 | 50篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
371.
介绍了双信号台测向定位中利用牛顿迭代法进行概位修正的方法,分析了牛顿迭代法对概位修正误差的消除过程。仿真结果表明:在满足舰船导航精度要求下,牛顿迭代法的迭代次数少,且误差很小,达到了概位修正的要求。 相似文献
372.
Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J. Zhang Z. G. Yu T. Raabe S. M. Liu A. Starke L. Zou H. W. Gao U. Brockmann 《Journal of Marine Systems》2004,44(3-4):189
Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, PO43− and SiO32−) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail. 相似文献
373.
关于填海造地换领土地使用证的政策探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着全国港口建设飞速发展,对港口用地的管理也变得更加重要。不同省、市政府部门对填海形成陆域后,在换发土地证时,是否需要再次缴纳土地出让金意见并不统一。通过比较各地对填海造地时缴纳海域使用金的标准,本文提出港口建设用地和港口建设用海的联系,对办理换发土地使用证相关政策进行了探讨。 相似文献
374.
375.
Application of new parameterizations of gas transfer velocity and their impact on regional and global marine CO2 budgets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
One of the dominant sources of uncertainty in the calculation of air–sea flux of carbon dioxide on a global scale originates from the various parameterizations of the gas transfer velocity, k, that are in use. Whilst it is undisputed that most of these parameterizations have shortcomings and neglect processes which influence air–sea gas exchange and do not scale with wind speed alone, there is no general agreement about their relative accuracy.The most widely used parameterizations are based on non-linear functions of wind speed and, to a lesser extent, on sea surface temperature and salinity. Processes such as surface film damping and whitecapping are known to have an effect on air–sea exchange. More recently published parameterizations use friction velocity, sea surface roughness, and significant wave height. These new parameters can account to some extent for processes such as film damping and whitecapping and could potentially explain the spread of wind-speed based transfer velocities published in the literature.We combine some of the principles of two recently published k parameterizations [Glover, D.M., Frew, N.M., McCue, S.J. and Bock, E.J., 2002. A multiyear time series of global gas transfer velocity from the TOPEX dual frequency, normalized radar backscatter algorithm. In: Donelan, M.A., Drennan, W.M., Saltzman, E.S., and Wanninkhof, R. (Eds.), Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, Geophys. Monograph 127. AGU,Washington, DC, 325–331; Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] to calculate k as the sum of a linear function of total mean square slope of the sea surface and a wave breaking parameter. This separates contributions from direct and bubble-mediated gas transfer as suggested by Woolf [Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] and allows us to quantify contributions from these two processes independently.We then apply our parameterization to a monthly TOPEX altimeter gridded 1.5° × 1.5° data set and compare our results to transfer velocities calculated using the popular wind-based k parameterizations by Wanninkhof [Wanninkhof, R., 1992. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 97: 7373–7382.] and Wanninkhof and McGillis [Wanninkhof, R. and McGillis, W., 1999. A cubic relationship between air−sea CO2 exchange and wind speed. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(13): 1889–1892]. We show that despite good agreement of the globally averaged transfer velocities, global and regional fluxes differ by up to 100%. These discrepancies are a result of different spatio-temporal distributions of the processes involved in the parameterizations of k, indicating the importance of wave field parameters and a need for further validation. 相似文献
376.
结合沪蓉西高速公路水南特大桥4根近百米超长人工挖孔桩基础的施工,介绍该桥在恶劣地质条件下超长人工挖孔桩的施工工艺、技术措施、施工质量和安全控制措施,并对在特定条件下使用这一工艺的特点、事故处理及应用前景做了阐述。 相似文献
377.
以某岩溶隧道的施工为例,介绍岩溶隧道超前地质预测预报技术,采用常规地质法、TSP203地质预报、地质雷达、地质钻探等组成的综合超前地质预报系统,对隧道工作面前方、环向四周、隧底等不良地质进行探测,确保隧道施工安全. 相似文献
378.
379.
铁路乘客艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 调查铁路旅客的艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为情况,为列车开展艾滋病宣传教育提供理论依据。方法 对6趟旅客列车乘客进行抽样问卷调查,调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2 083份,艾滋病一般知识正确回答率55.83% ~92.03%,传播途径59.67%~93.52%,临床知识59.00%~77.34%,预防控制68.75%~88.86%,态度行为48.25%~94.33%,政策法规67.64%~84.88%。正确回答率无性别差异(P>0.05);一般知识、传播途径、行为态度存在结婚与否的差异(P<0.05);受教育程度上除一般知识外,其它都有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论 铁路乘客对艾滋病知识、态度、行为的正确回答率,原则性问题高于具体问题, 71%以上乘客愿意接受健康教育和AIDS教育。针对铁路乘客流动性强的特点,列车上艾滋病宣传教育内容要注重知识具体化。 相似文献
380.
在预应力张拉过程中,锚固失效时有发生,文章介绍了几个有效的处理方法,其中包括加装卸锚撑脚法、加装千斤顶法、拆卸千斤顶法和反装千斤顶法,这些方法在工程实践中得到了成功的应用。 相似文献