船舶总振动固有频率实用算法

分别用一维梁有限元方法和三维有限元方法计算3艘实船总振动固有频率,对计算结果进行统计分析,提出对一维梁有限元方法计算结果的修正,利用110000t油船进行验证。用一维梁有限元方法计算时考虑剪切滞后影响系数;用三维有限元方法计算时,是在ANSYS软件中建立全船的三维空间有限元模型,进行模态分析。通过计算证明该方法能有效改进一维梁有限元计算方法,可快速准确地预报船舶总振动固有频率。     

Application of new parameterizations of gas transfer velocity and their impact on regional and global marine CO2 budgets

One of the dominant sources of uncertainty in the calculation of air–sea flux of carbon dioxide on a global scale originates from the various parameterizations of the gas transfer velocity, k, that are in use. Whilst it is undisputed that most of these parameterizations have shortcomings and neglect processes which influence air–sea gas exchange and do not scale with wind speed alone, there is no general agreement about their relative accuracy.The most widely used parameterizations are based on non-linear functions of wind speed and, to a lesser extent, on sea surface temperature and salinity. Processes such as surface film damping and whitecapping are known to have an effect on air–sea exchange. More recently published parameterizations use friction velocity, sea surface roughness, and significant wave height. These new parameters can account to some extent for processes such as film damping and whitecapping and could potentially explain the spread of wind-speed based transfer velocities published in the literature.We combine some of the principles of two recently published k parameterizations [Glover, D.M., Frew, N.M., McCue, S.J. and Bock, E.J., 2002. A multiyear time series of global gas transfer velocity from the TOPEX dual frequency, normalized radar backscatter algorithm. In: Donelan, M.A., Drennan, W.M., Saltzman, E.S., and Wanninkhof, R. (Eds.), Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, Geophys. Monograph 127. AGU,Washington, DC, 325–331; Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] to calculate k as the sum of a linear function of total mean square slope of the sea surface and a wave breaking parameter. This separates contributions from direct and bubble-mediated gas transfer as suggested by Woolf [Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] and allows us to quantify contributions from these two processes independently.We then apply our parameterization to a monthly TOPEX altimeter gridded 1.5° × 1.5° data set and compare our results to transfer velocities calculated using the popular wind-based k parameterizations by Wanninkhof [Wanninkhof, R., 1992. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 97: 7373–7382.] and Wanninkhof and McGillis [Wanninkhof, R. and McGillis, W., 1999. A cubic relationship between air−sea CO2 exchange and wind speed. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(13): 1889–1892]. We show that despite good agreement of the globally averaged transfer velocities, global and regional fluxes differ by up to 100%. These discrepancies are a result of different spatio-temporal distributions of the processes involved in the parameterizations of k, indicating the importance of wave field parameters and a need for further validation.     

一种目标角闪烁统计性模型算法及仿真

提出了对应于角闪烁时域统计性模型中一类子模型的特定生成算法,并在时域统计信号上增加了相应的频域特性。通过仿真实验得到的时域统计图形和频域功率谱图形充分证实了算法的正确性。     

ZPW-2000A无绝缘轨道电路在客运专线的应用

介绍了客运专线ZPW-2000A无绝缘轨道电路在既有ZPW-2000A无绝缘轨道电路基础上进行的适应性改进,及客运专线轨道电路在区间和站内的应用情况.     

停运工况地铁站台初期火灾烟气运动规律

选用碎纸、棉绳和聚氨酯塑料试验火,在地铁站台进行火灾实体试验。在车站夜间停运条件下,对不同类型试验火源的烟气速度、温度进行监测分析,研究地铁中具有镂空格栅吊顶车站站台在停运时初期火灾烟气运动的规律,为地铁车站火灾探测研究提供技术支持。     

地铁整流器监控装置的研究

根据现有的地铁整流器柜监控装置的工作原理,提出一种基于C8051F206单片机为核心的地铁整流器监洲系统,该系统通过对整流器交直流侧电压、电流及其他一些状态量的采样,经过微处理器可以实时临测牵引整流器的运行参数,实现对整流器柜的监控.该监控系统具有成本低、可靠性高、抗干扰能力强等优点.     

河口隧道破碎地层洞口段施工技术研究

针对河口隧道洞口段工程实际,借鉴国内外先进的施工经验,对破碎围岩的进洞施工方案进行了分析,以实例说明在破碎地层隧道洞口段如何确保施工安全和结构稳定。     

无线CBTC系统列车自动停站对位分析

介绍了ATO硬件设备及ATO连续制动定位停车原理,从车载ATO和轨旁ATP硬件设备以及软件角度深入分析了车站定位停车的各个操作状态(制动、预对准、停站等)和判定机制。此外,简要介绍了信号系统实时控制列车运行的自适应PI控制器算法。     

铁路乘客艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查分析

目的　调查铁路旅客的艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为情况,为列车开展艾滋病宣传教育提供理论依据。方法　对6趟旅客列车乘客进行抽样问卷调查,调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2 083份,艾滋病一般知识正确回答率55.83% ~92.03%,传播途径59.67%~93.52%,临床知识59.00%~77.34%,预防控制68.75%~88.86%,态度行为48.25%~94.33%,政策法规67.64%~84.88%。正确回答率无性别差异(P>0.05);一般知识、传播途径、行为态度存在结婚与否的差异(P<0.05);受教育程度上除一般知识外,其它都有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论　铁路乘客对艾滋病知识、态度、行为的正确回答率,原则性问题高于具体问题, 71%以上乘客愿意接受健康教育和AIDS教育。针对铁路乘客流动性强的特点,列车上艾滋病宣传教育内容要注重知识具体化。     

水化学及同位素技术在某铁路深埋岩溶隧道中的应用

在岩溶地区修建铁路隧道将会遇到很多的问题,其中最具特色的问题之一就是涌突水。基于区域内天然水化学及同位素特征,深入分析现场测试数据,地下水、雨水和地表水水化学组分,研究地下水的补给、径流及排泄条件;利用其高程效应计算补给高程,圈定补给面积;并利用氯离子质量平衡计算降水平均入渗补给率。进而查明天然水间的水力联系,估算降水平均入渗补给率,利用降水入渗法概略预测隧道的正常涌水量。