连续梁桥纵桥向位移需求的计算方法研究

该文在考虑连续梁桥滑动支座墩滑动摩擦效应的基础上,求出了全桥纵桥向的等效周期和等效阻尼比,将连续梁桥在纵桥向等效为单自由度体系。根据单自由度体系在地震作用下位移需求的计算方法,提出了连续梁桥在地震作用下位移需求的简化方法。最后给出了该方法的算例,并采用非线性时程分析进行了检验,结果表明简化方法有效。     

五连杆非独立后悬架弹性转向特性

为研究五连杆非独立后悬架车辆的操纵稳定性,建立了含后轴弹性转向的线性三自由度操纵稳定性整车模型,运用频域法研究了后轴弹性转向对整车不足转向性能的影响.结果表明:左、右上拉杆的交点相对后轴中心的纵向位置及上拉杆衬套的刚度影响整车的不足转向特性.当上拉杆交点位于后轴之后1.65 m及上拉杆衬套的扭转刚度为1.5 kN.m/rad时,整车的不足转向特性较理想.试验与理论模型仿真结果趋势一致.     

Recycling of aluminum from fibre metal laminates

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates (FMLs) was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w(Cu) = 4.4%, w(Mg) = 1.1% and w(Mn) = 0.6% (2024 aluminum alloy). The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled Al alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCl-KCl salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the Al alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaCl to KCl mass ratios of 44:56 and 70:30 respectively, based on either the eutectic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCl-KCl system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCl-KCl salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w(MgF₂) = 5% into the NaCl-KCl salt system (instead of using cryolite) all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.     

火山岩熔空洞地区高等级公路建设现状与展望

针对火山岩熔空洞地区公路建设相关研究成果,总结了火山岩熔空洞地区的形成过程及其物理、力学性质和工程特点,分析了火山岩熔空洞地区易产生的路基病害。在此基础之上,对该地区的公路建设进行了展望。     

四味芳香开窍药的挥发性成分对缺血缺氧PC12细胞及细胞内Ca2+的影响

目的研究四味芳香开窍药的挥发性成分对连二亚硫酸钠(Na2S2O4)致PC12细胞缺血缺氧损伤及细胞内Ca2+的影响。方法体外实验采用5mmol/L的Na2S2O4导致PC12细胞缺血缺氧性损伤,然后观测细胞形态;用二甲基噻唑二苯基四唑溴盐(MTT)比色法,考察水蒸汽蒸馏法提取的麝香、苏合香、安息香挥发性成分及冰片对缺血缺氧PC12细胞活性的影响;并按照试剂盒要求测定模型细胞内Ca2+的含量。结果麝香4、8、16μg/mL,冰片8、16μg/mL,苏合香20、40μg/mL及安息香16μg/mL组均能显著升高模型细胞的吸光度(A)值(P<0.05,P<0.01),显著抑制Na2S2O4对PC12细胞的损伤;苏合香40、80μg/mL,安息香4、8、16μg/mL组均能显著降低模型细胞内Ca2+含量(P<0.05,P<0.01);麝香、冰片有降低模型细胞内Ca2+含量的趋势。结论麝香、苏合香、安息香的挥发性成分及冰片均有保护缺血缺氧PC12细胞的作用,其机制可能与降低细胞内Ca2+的含量,防止钙超载有关。     

风-车-桥耦合振动研究现状及发展趋势

为推动风-车-桥耦合振动理论和应用研究的进一步深入开展,从分析框架、气动干扰、评价准则和大跨桥梁设计荷载4个方面系统梳理风-车-桥耦合振动国内外学术研究进展和热点前沿,并探讨研究不足和发展趋势。分析系统方面,首先从风作用模拟、耦合关系角度综述风-列车-桥分析系统由简化到精细的研究历程,然后沿车辆元素的精细研究历程对风-汽车-桥分析系统研究进行综述。气动干扰方面,从结构模拟精细程度、特殊工况、干扰对象等角度综述研究进展。评价准则方面,分别综述汽车和列车评价准则由简单到复杂、由确定性到不确定性的发展历程。大跨桥梁设计荷载方面,分别从现行多国规范和理论研究2个角度对大跨桥梁风和汽车荷载研究进行综述。综合分析表明：分析框架过去处于并将一直处于从简化到精细的过程中,元素模拟的精细化及相应耦合关系的重构推动分析框架升级和应用范围的扩大;气动干扰研究的干扰对象逐步增多,模拟逐步细致,数值模拟理论和风洞规模、试验测试设备及技术是限制其发展的关键因素;车-桥系统评价方面,主体结构和系统安全是评价的基础层面,附属构件和功能性的评价将越来越受到重视,且评价将由确定性向可靠性发展;大跨桥梁设计荷载方面,汽车荷载将由简单套用中小跨径桥梁设计荷载的方式,逐步过渡为考虑地区荷载特性、行驶行为等复杂模式,风和汽车荷载组合时的工况设置、计算风速的确定、荷载叠加准则、分项系数和组合系数等方面都有很大细化和深入研究的空间。     

水泥浆液黏度对全风化花岗岩注浆加固效果的影响

水泥浆液是隧道与地下工程水害治理与地层加固的常用注浆材料。针对利用水灰比调节水泥浆液黏度的传统方法在注浆治理工程中存在的局限性,通过掺加2种外加剂实现了水灰比为1：1的水泥浆液的黏度和流动度在一定范围内动态可调。选取典型工程中遭遇的全风化花岗岩为被注介质,开展了注浆模拟试验,研究了不同黏度浆液在全风化花岗岩中的扩散规律,分析了浆液黏度对注浆加固效果的影响机制。研究结果表明：水泥浆液在被注介质中整体呈现劈裂扩散模式,随着浆液黏度的增大,主劈裂浆脉扩展形态由"三叉形"逐渐向"折线形"转变,主浆脉宽度变厚,被注介质的单轴抗压强度和抗剪强度不断提高;在水泥浆液黏度为24.6 s时,加固土体的单轴抗压强度提高了87%,内聚力和内摩擦角分别提升了220%和46.6%,内摩擦角与抗剪强度随浆液黏度的变化趋势基本一致,可见内摩擦角的提升可作为影响被注介质抗剪性能的关键指标;临近18.8 s的浆液黏度是浆脉扩展形态转变和被注介质强度增长速率变化的敏感黏度。研究成果可为全风化花岗岩及类似地层注浆治理工程中的注浆材料选型、黏度调控及加固效果评价提供技术参考。     

基于OV7670的疲劳驾驶预警系统

介绍一种用OV7670图像传感器采集图像数据,并以MFC上位机处理图像的系统设计.此设计实现了图像数据的采集与处理,并可根据图像数据判断驾驶员的疲劳状态并给出预警.     

飞机起飞和着陆所需滑跑距离计算方法中参数值的试验分析

目前,计算飞机滑行距离的理论公式需要许多参数值,这些参数值通常采用线性内插法和随机取样法得到,但综合修正系数（IMC）却要基于飞机的滑跑长度列线图。由于公式中的IMC取决于试验数据,用激光测距仪和经纬仪对飞机的滑跑距离进行了220次测试。试验分析结果表明:飞机起飞时的IMC介于1.000～1.099之间,而着陆时的IMC介于1.468～1.699之间。由此可见,飞机着陆滑跑长度的离散性较起飞时大。     

Driver curve speed model and its application to ACC speed control in curved roads

A speed control algorithm for an ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) system for curved roads is proposed based on driver behavior characteristics. As the foundation of this research, a driver speed model for curved roads is developed using a series of experimental data regarding driver behavior. To adapt the model to each driver’s individual curve speed behavior, the coefficients of the model are identified in real time from the data sequences collected during drivers’ manual operation stage by a self-learning algorithm based on a Recursive Least-Square (RLS) method with a forgetting factor. Using this algorithm, the parameters of the driver model can be identified from the data collected in the manual operation phase, and the identification results are applied during the ACC automatic control phase. Based on the developed model, the ACC speed control algorithm is modified to provide each individual driver with a customized speed profile for the scenario of a curved road with no car ahead. Tests verify the applicability of the modified system.