桥头搭板受力特性及适应性

运用MARC软件,通过研编用户子程序模拟车辆的移动荷载,应用迭代接触算法Contact和单元生死技术模拟搭板与填土之间接触和脱空的不同受力状态,并基于均匀沉降和不均匀沉降两种地基模式,考虑搭板受力和变形的耦合,分析了搭板的受力特性和适应性。当脱空长度在1.08 m范围内时,板底弯拉应力值与完全弹性支承时相等,但随着脱空长度的继续增大而显著增大,完全脱空时板底弯拉应力与简支板相等,板底最大弯拉应力的荷载作用位置在桥台与1/2板长之间。搭板对地基沉降的适应性表现为:长度6 m的搭板适用于处理地基沉降在3 cm以内的桥头路段;8 m长度的搭板适用于处理地基沉降在4 cm以内的桥头路段,而10 m搭板适用于处理地基沉降在5 cm以内的桥头路段。     

聚氨酯复合改性沥青的制备与性能研究

为改善聚氨酯(PU)改性沥青的性能,实现其在道路工程领域的应用,将PU、岩沥青(RA)和基质沥青(BA)按照自定的室内工艺流程制备得到PU复合改性沥青,并探讨了制备工艺参数的适宜性.采用针入度、软化点、延度和旋转黏度试验优化了PU和RA的掺配方案,基于胶体理论分析了PU复合改性沥青的温度敏感性;利用动态剪切流变(DSR...     

Analysis on the Effects of Overloading on the Mechanical Properties of Tunnel Structures in the Silty Ground --A Case Study of Sutong River-crossing GIL Utility Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Based on the Sutong GIL utility tunnel project, which is constructed by the shield machine under the river, and as for the overloading problem at the river bank slope during operating period, the refined threedimensional finite element model was established to study the deformation and cracking characteristics of the tunnel segment structure under different forms of overloading. The evolution laws of section convergence, joint opening and structural stress were analyzed, and the structure damage mechanisms were revealed under conditions of large area loading and local loading. The surface-surcharge control standard was proposed. For the big diameter shield tunneling crossing the silty clay, the research results show that: (1) the deformation failure process is divided into three stages under large area loading condition, taking the design load and compressive yield of rebars inside haunch as the critical points respectively. The first stage is characterized by the elastic stress, the second stage is in plastic state with fracture, and the third stage is accelerating deformation and instability stage. The vertical convergence is 110.5 mm with no opening of joints when rebars are yielded; (2)the deformation failure process under local loading condition is also divided into elasticity, plasticity and instability stages, taking the design load and tensile yield of rebars outside haunch as the critical points respectively. The vertical convergence is 152.6 mm with joint opening of 4.36 mm; (3) the early-warning values of additional stress on the ground under conditions of large area loading and local loading are 110 kPa and 70 kPa respectively. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于声信号分形特征的柴油机故障在线诊断系统研究

分析了柴油机声信号的分形特征,将标度曲线的无标度区域局部斜率作为特征关联维数,用来判别柴油机的工作状态。利用Lab VIEW平台开发了在线故障诊断系统,给出了关联维数的计算流程,并以东风4135四缸直喷式柴油机作为对象进行试验,分析了四种工况下柴油机声信号的局部斜率特征,建立了关联维数特征库。     

Buck斩波电路电流连续与电流断续的比较研究

对降压斩波电路负载加反电动势其电流在不同情况下发生的连续和断续现象进行了研究。根据分段线性化思想,推断出降压斩波电路输出电流在断续情况下的条件,给出了其在电流断续的计算公式,为其实际应用提供了方便。     

高温条件沥青烟释放危害性与测定装置综述

高温条件下热拌沥青混合料施工释放的有毒、有害沥青烟含有多环芳烃等环境优先控制物,污染环境,严重危害施工人员的身体健康。文章针对沥青烟对人体造成的各种危害及其测定装置进行了综述。国内外研究成果表明,沥青烟会带来遗传毒性作用,对人体器官造成损害,引起各种炎症,诱发癌症和导致基因突变、存在人体畸形的高风险;大部分测定装置集中于富集沥青烟后采用微观分析仪器和方法对沥青烟组成进行分析研究,针对道路施工中无组织排放的沥青烟质量进行精确测定的装置相对较少。     

公路隧道双洞互补式通风适用性分析

为研究公路隧道双洞互补式通风的适用性,文章基于隧址海拔和温度、隧道长度和纵坡、隧道交通量和交通组成、隧道双洞间距等因素对互补式通风负荷比及通风效果的影响进行计算分析。研究结果表明:当隧道上下行通风负荷比大于1.5或隧道单向纵坡绝对值在1.5%~2.0%之间时,适宜采用互补式通风;隧道长度在4.5~6 km之间时,采用双洞互补式通风最经济实用;交通量和交通组成的影响关系显示隧道大型车混入率在35%~50%之间时宜考虑采用互补式通风;双洞隧道适合采用互补式通风的最小间距为30 m。     

水泥稳定砂砾就地冷再生工艺及其节能环保意义

道路损坏后路基和路面材料的再生利用不仅能够节约大量宝贵的筑路材料,而且具有重要的环境保护意义。采用冷再生技术将原有旧路面材料以专用机械作业方式进行就地再生,并将其作为水泥稳定砂砾摊铺在原有道路上并作为新铺道路的基础是实现上述理念的成功尝试。     

Context-dependent influence of road attributes and pricing policies on route choice behavior of truck drivers: results of a conjoint choice experiment

In this paper, we report the results of a stated choice experiment, which was conducted to examine truck drivers?? route choice behavior. Of particular interest are the questions (i) what is the relative importance of road accessibility considerations via-a-vis traditional factors influencing route choice behavior, (ii) what are the influences of particular personal and situational variables on the evaluation of route attributes, (iii) how sensitive are truck drivers for possible pricing policies, and (iv) is there a difference in impact if environmental concerns are framed as a bonus or as a pricing instrument. The main findings indicate that road accessibility characteristics have a substantial impact on route preferences which is of the same order of magnitude as variation in travel times. This suggests that provision of adequate travel information in itself can be an effective instrument to prevent negative externalities of good transport associated with shortest routes. Furthermore, the results indicate that truck drivers/route planners when choosing a route are relatively sensitive to road pricing schemes and rather insensitive to environmental bonuses.     

胶粉与SBS改性沥青混合料路用性能对比及质量控制

室内实验对胶粉与SBS改性沥青混合料路用性能进行对比分析,得出胶粉改性沥青混合料低温性能、水稳定性均优于普通SBS改性沥青混合料,高温性能与普通SBS改性沥青混合料相当。通过对改性沥青路面施工工艺分析,得出初压温度在施工中重要性。