柴油机机体瞬态动力学的有限元分析

机体是柴油机的骨架,工作过程中承受多种载荷的作用.利用PROE软件建立了柴油机机体的三维实体模型,通过网格划分软件MSC.GSMESHER对模型进行了网格划分,采用有限元软件MSC.NASTRAN对考虑气体压力、轴承力、活塞敲击等各种主要激励的机体进行了瞬态响应分析.通过与试验值的比较验证了计算的准确性.     

Effects of Heat Intensity and Inflow Wind on the Reactive Pollution Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon

This paper investigates the impacts of heating intensity and inflow wind speed on the characteristics of reactive pollutant dispersion in street canyons using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model that includes the transportation of NO, NO₂, and O₃ coupled with NO-NO₂-O₃ photochemistry. The results indicated that the heat intensity and inflow wind speed have a significant influence on the flow field, temperature field and the characteristics of reactive pollutant dispersion in and above the street canyon. With the street canyon bottom heating intensity increasing, NO, NO₂ and O₃ concentrations in street canyon are decreased. The O₃ concentration reductions are even more than the NO and NO₂ concentrations. Improving the inflow wind speed can significantly reduce the NO and NO₂ concentrations within street canyons. But the O₃ concentrations have a slight rise with wind speed increasing. The results would be useful for understanding the interrelation among reactive vehicle emissions, and provide references for urban planners.     

Hybrid process of fabricating high-quality micro wine-glass fused silica resonators

A new hybrid method, which combines improved glass-blown technology with wet etching, is reported to fabricate micro wine-glass resonators with high-quality fused silica. The optimum placement is compared to achieve the resonators with good shell shape. The typical shell diameter is about 4mm and its thickness covers from dozens to hundreds of micrometers. The etching rates in corrosion solutions with different ratios and at different thicknesses of hemispherical shells are studied. We also conclude how to precisely control the thickness. The corrosion solutions with different ratios of HF solution to NH₄F solution make the spherical shells rougher in different degrees. The best roughness is 0.581 nm in the 1: 8 ratio corrosion solution while the original roughness is 0.537 nm. This fact shows that the resonator remains atomically smooth surface. Based on the glassblowing spherical fused silica structure, the thickness of the resonator is effectively controlled by buffered oxide etch (BOE) technology according to the measured etching rate. The measured resonant frequency of the hemispherical shell at ambient pressure and room temperature is 1.75 kHz of rocking mode which is close to the simulated frequency. Using such a low-cost hybrid approach, we can fabricate high-quality microscale resonators in batch.     

Calculation of strain amplification matrix for strain invariant failure theory based on representative volume element models with periodical boundary condition

Strain invariant failure theory (SIFT) is a micro-mechanics-based failure theory for multi-scale failure analysis of composite materials originally proposed by Gosse and Christensen. In this paper, the approach for obtaining strain amplification matrix which is a key step for the execution of SIFT is improved by adopting representative volume element (RVE) finite element models considering periodical boundary condition, based on which more actual deformation mode is reflected. The deformation modes and strain data at the characteristic points of the centroid cell of multi-cell RVE model are analyzed and taken as a reference. It can be concluded that more reasonable deformation mode and relationship between the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical strain states are obtained by employing the new model. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the determination of strain amplification factors within the RVEs considering periodical boundary condition at the characteristic points.     

遗传算法在逆向物流网络规划设计中的应用

考虑到客户、初始回收点和回收中心3个层次的逆向物流网络,选择合适的回收中心,确定初始回收点个数和回收周期,基于一些基本假设,以最小化总的相关成本建立了1个内嵌两个指派模型的非线性混合整数规划模型,对符号体系和求解思路进行了分析.借助遗传算法,结合具体实例,给出了求解步骤和求解结果分析.     

基于SLP和生产物流的F公司车间设施布局改善

一个良好的设施布置设计可以使物料搬运的成本降低,使人员走动的距离缩短,从而使运作效率提高。运用SLP技术,对F公司CG片生产车间布局进行分析改善。首先,对该车间的生产流程和物流量进行分析,发现存在物料重复搬运、线路迂回、物流作业流程复杂等问题。然后,运用物流关系和作业单位相互关系图,经过尽可能小的调整,在能适应产品生产、工艺、流程等方面的情况下,降低物料搬运成本,求得合理的布置,从而使生产物流运作顺畅,达到提高整个生产系统经济效益最优的目的。最后,以物料搬运成本和厂房租金为评价指标,说明新布局的优越性。     

基于DBNs的车辆悬架减振器异响鉴别方法

针对人工经验提取特征进行减振器异响鉴别的复杂性与不可扩展性的问题,分析了深度信念网络(deep belief networks,DBNs)在减振器异响鉴别中的应用,并结合减振器整车与台架试验提出了完整的减振器异响鉴别流程.该方法只需将收集到的减振器活塞杆顶端振动加速度信号作为输入,经过DBNs模型逐层特征学习便可进行减振器异响鉴别.同时将鉴别结果与经典的BP神经网络、支持向量机以及传统的3种人工特征提取方法进行对比分析.结果表明:在输入仅为原始信号的条件下,深度信念网络模型对减振器异响鉴别的准确率为96.7%,表明了深度信念网络在减振器异响甄别中的优越性,具有广泛的工程应用前景.      

实行资源整合建设现代港口物流

现代港口和物流在业务功能上具有衔接性.本文通过分析物流与港口的关系,论述了如何整合现有资源的基础上,挖掘潜能,加强网络建设,提高其信息化水平,建设现代化的港口物流.     

回忆上海造船学会一二事

值此上海造船学会成立50周年之际,忆学会工作一二事,以表庆贺!     

露天皮带机除水装置的改进

武钢有输送矿石的皮带机268条,总长约为84 600 m,大部分在露天,雨天胶带极易积水,造成稀料现象,不但影响产品质量,也不利于设备的正常运转.