日本工业标准JIS Z 0608-1997纸制平托盘

1适用范围 本标准规定了一次性使用的纸制平托盘(以下简称"托盘").     

CFD-based method of determining form factor <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis> for different ship types and different drafts

The value of form factor k at different drafts is important in predicting full-scale total resistance and speed for different types of ships. In the ITTC community, most organizations predict form factor k using a low-speed model test. However, this method is problematic for ships with bulbous bows and transom. In this article, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based method is introduced to obtain k for different type of ships at different drafts, and a comparison is made between the CFD method and the model test. The results show that the CFD method produces reasonable k values. A grid generating method and turbulence model are briefly discussed in the context of obtaining a consistent k using CFD.     

船舶海水管路缝隙腐蚀密封性能失效分析及其防护措施

缝隙腐蚀是一种很普遍的局部腐蚀。船舶管路通常在有海水存在的金属之间,以及金属与非金属之间构成的狭窄缝隙内发生腐蚀。B10和HDR双相不锈钢在船舶海水管路使用过程中均出现了不同程度的缝隙腐蚀。文章从腐蚀电化学的某些层面厘清缝隙腐蚀产生的机理,重点针对HDR双相不锈钢缝隙腐蚀实样进行SEM形貌分析和EDS能谱分析,得出缝隙腐蚀的成因和影响因素,并提出若干相应防护措施。     

Short‐term traffic flow prediction with linear conditional Gaussian Bayesian network

Traffic flow prediction is an essential part of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Most of the previous traffic flow prediction work treated traffic flow as a time series process only, ignoring the spatial relationship from the upstream flows or the correlation with other traffic attributes like speed and density. In this paper, we utilize a linear conditional Gaussian (LCG) Bayesian network (BN) model to consider both spatial and temporal dimensions of traffic as well as speed information for short‐term traffic flow prediction. The LCG BN allows both continuous and discrete variables, which enables the consideration of categorical variables in traffic flow prediction. A microscopic traffic simulation dataset is used to test the performance of the proposed model compared to other popular approaches under different predicting time intervals. In addition, the authors investigate the importance of spatial data and speed data in flow prediction by comparing models with different levels of information. The results indicate that the prediction accuracy will increase significantly when both spatial data and speed data are included. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Estimation of maximum road friction coefficient based on Lyapunov method

With the real time and accurate information of motor torque and rotation speed of the four-in-wheel-motordrive electric vehicles, a slip based algorithm for estimating maximum road friction coefficient is designed using Lyapunov stability theory. Modified Burckhardt tire model is used to describe longitudinal slip property of the tire. By introducing a new state variable, a nonlinear estimator is proposed to estimate the longitudinal tire force and the maximum road friction coefficient simultaneously. With the appropriate selection of estimation gain, the convergence of the estimation error of the tire longitudinal force and maximum road friction coefficient is proved through Lyapunov stability analysis. In addition, the error is exponentially stable near the origin. Finally the method is validated with Carsim-Simulink co-simulation and real vehicle tests under multi working conditions in acceleration situation which demonstrate high computational efficiency and accuracy of this method.     

农村客车的差异化设计

通过对农村客运市场的分析和对农村客车现状的调查,从区域角度和使用角度出发,介绍农村客车的差异化设计思路。     

碎石层缓冲差异沉降模拟试验研究

为研究碎石层对差异沉降的缓冲性能,设计了模拟差异沉降试验箱,通过模拟试验验证了碎石层缓冲差异沉降的效果;在碎石层缓冲差异沉降机理分析的基础上,提出了二次松散系数的概念及计算公式,设计了碎石层二次松散系数测试箱,并分析了粒径大小、颗粒形状、内摩擦角与二次松散系数的关系。根据常见的沉降曲线形状推导了相应的碎石松散边界方程,并由此分析了影响碎石松散区域大小的主要因素。研究表明:碎石模拟试验箱的设计及试验是成功的;碎石层散体材料可以缓冲差异沉降主要是由于其具有二次松散的性能;二次松散系数随碎石粒径及内摩擦角增大而增大,且同粒径卵石的二次松散系数总是低于碎石;沉降最大值及二次松散系数是决定松散区域厚度的主要因素。     

基于面元法及模型试验的船舶螺旋桨噪声预报方法

对某船螺旋桨噪声进行了预报.高频噪声预报采用模型试验方法进行.在国家重点试验室大型循环水槽中完成了桨模高频噪声的测量,测试结果经量纲一的量方法换算至实船.采用面元法计算非定常力,通过力与声级的关系换算出低频离散谱噪声.求解出螺旋桨随机连续性力.然后换算出低频连续谱噪声.从预报结果总结出螺旋桨噪声随频率的变化规律以及速度对噪声的影响.     

复合制动系统制动力协调分配方法仿真研究

针对当前复合制动系统再生制动力分配策略分析不全面的问题,基于复合制动系统结构形式和驾驶员制动意图的分类,对再生制动力分配方法进行了研究,并以装备前轴式复合制动系统的车辆为例进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,在紧急情况制动工况时再生制动力分配方法能够保证ECE法规所规定的稳定性要求.     

柴油机电控系统车速处理及最高车速限制策略开发

基于GD—1柴油机电控单元ECU设计了车速信号采集和处理软件,不仅包含车速信号盘周期的获取、车速转换计算、行驶里程累计和信号的故障诊断,还在此基础上开发了适用于整车控制的最高车速限制控制策略。利用MATLAB/Simulink软件平台编写控制策略框图,由Targetlink自动生成了C代码,并集成到已有的GD—1柴油机电控单元ECU中,在硬件在环(HIL)试验台上进行了仿真验证,并且最终在玉柴YC4D匹配的试验车上成功进行了实车试验。