城市轨道交通钢轨表面在线整修技术的应用分析

在调研城市轨道交通典型钢轨表面伤损的基础上,对比了在线钢轨整修技术的类型、优缺点和适应范围,并通过现场观测,分析了在线钢轨铣磨的效果。结果表明:在线铣磨可以很好地消除钢轨顶面、轨距角处的表面伤损,并恢复较高精度的标准轨头轮廓,公差为-0.1～+0.2 mm;在线铣磨提高了钢轨表面的整体纵向平顺度,各波长范围内不平顺幅值均方根降低50%以上,峰值超限数量降低40%～80%;焊接接头不平顺的恢复受铣磨量和不平顺原始幅值的影响。     

加强和改进存货管理有效控制库存风险

结合近几年物资采购供应实际情况,分析了铁路局存货管理中存在的主要风险,并有针对性地提出了推进采购预算、加强计划管理、改进采购方式等防范和控制措施。     

简析深圳地铁一期信号数据传输系统

通过对深圳地铁一期信号数据传输系统的分析,从中央设备层、中间传输层及现场设备层逐一介绍其工作原理及设备特点。信号系统通过802.3、OTN、Profibus等通信协议使中央控制中心与现场设备大量的数据交换成为可能,分布性、可靠性与扩展性都得到了极大的提高。     

改进的遗传算法在车辆路径问题中的应用

通过对车辆路径问题的深入分析,针对遗传算法中“种群多样性”和“选择压力”两个最重要因素,对“交叉算子”和“变异算子”进行了改进,并和一般的遗传算法进行了比较,通过计算结果证明：在算法性能方面,改进的算法收敛速度较快,所求得的最优解质量较高,且计算结果稳定;在车辆配送路径方面,改进算法得到四条最优配送路线,并且四条线路没有交叉,完全形成回路,又同时满足车辆满载率的限制,而一般的遗传算法得到五条配送路线,最低装载量仅为3．1t,并不能达到车辆相应的满载率,因此,改进的遗传算法明显优于传统的遗传算法．     

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis

To evaluate the clinical outcome, effectiveness and safety of the surgical management of traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with short segmental instrumentation fixation. A retrospective review of a consecutive series of 24 patients with traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with TLIF procedure was carried out. Intraoperative spinal cord monitoring was used to confirm the peripheral neural function intact during the reduction of the spondylolisthesis. Preoperative clinical and radiographic evaluation of all cases were originally collected prospectively. Data regarding blood loss, operative time, duration of hospital stay, radiographic fusion, instrumentation failure and clinical result were collected and observed at regular follow-up periods. All patients were engaged in high-energy accidents in the lower back and 16 patients had concomitant injuries. The mean operative time was 124 min, mean blood loss was 350 mL, and mean hospital stay was 6.5 days. There were no complications such as incision infection, cerebrospinal fluide (CSF) leakage and nerve root injury and so on. All patients demonstrated a solid lumbar interbody fusion within 4 months, and no evidence of spondylolisthesis correction loss, instrumentation failure and loosing. They all were completely asymptomatic, with normal neurologic findings, and had resumed their previous level of physical activities on the final follow-up. Meticulous clinical examination and careful imaging assessment could assist an early diagonosis in cases of traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis. Performing open reduction and the TLIF procedure as soon as possible could restore segmental stability and painless function. The TLIF procedure was a safe, effective technique to treat traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis.     

转型发展催动政府职能转变

中国造船产能的急剧扩张与世界航运市场需求的持续疲软,一直备受业界关注。对于中国造船业而言,在产能和需求严重失衡的情况下,转变发展方式势在必行。但如何转却是个不小的难题。在今年全国两会上,全国政协常委、上海市造船工程学会理事长张圣坤在接受本刊记者采访时指出,转变发展方式的关键是政府职能的转变,没有政府职能的转变,就不可能有发展方式的转变。     

IMO的战略新思维

日前,国际海事组织(IMO)推出了其2010～2015战略计划。在当今这个规划、计划高产的年代,一部战略计划本不足为奇。然而,IMO的这部战略计划,却似一部宣言书,向业界宣示着IMO战略思维的悄然转变。     

风险矩阵法在军运船舶配积载安全评估中的应用

在对风险矩阵评估方法的概念和整个理论体系进行分析和总结的基础上,对风险矩阵法应用于军运船舶配积载安全评估进行了研究,并从风险影响和风险概率两个准则入手,对军运船舶配积载进行了示范性风险评估。研究结果对提高航务军代处风险管理水平有积极促进作用,对科学合理地组织军运船舶配积载有参考价值。     

框架四叉树的自主水下航行器追踪动态目标研究

An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) must use an algorithm to plan its path to distant, mobile offshore objects. Because of the uneven distribution of obstacles in the real world, the efficiency of the algorithm decreases if the global environment is represented by regular grids with all of them at the highest resolution. The framed quadtree data structure is able to more efficiently represent the environment. When planning the path, the dynamic object is expressed instead as several static objects which are used by the path planner to update the path. By taking account of the characteristics of the framed quadtree, objects can be projected on the frame nodes to increase the precision of the path. Analysis and simulations showed the proposed planner could increase efficiency while improving the ability of the AUV to follow an object.     

某商用车驾驶室全浮式悬置系统开发

论述了某商用车驾驶室全浮式悬置系统结构设计及主要参数控制要点,提出了DMU运动分析校核、基于EXCEL的参数初始设计等设计手段,并运用有限元分析、动力学模拟等分析手段进行了优化,使该车较好的满足了可靠性和驾驶室振动舒适性要求,避免了后期大量的设计改进工作,从而缩短了产品开发周期并降低了产品研发成本.