Assessing the representativeness of a smartphone-based household travel survey in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

The household travel survey (HTS) finds itself in the midst of rapid technological change. Traditional methods are increasingly being sidelined by digital devices and computational power—for tracking movements, automatically detecting modes and activities, facilitating data collection, etc.. Smartphones have recently emerged as the latest technological enhancement. FMS is a smartphone-based prompted-recall HTS platform, consisting of an app for sensor data collection, a backend for data processing and inference, and a user interface for verification of inferences (e.g., modes, activities, times, etc.). FMS, has been deployed in several cities of the global north, including Singapore. This paper assesses the first use of FMS in a city of the global south, Dar es Salaam. FMS in Dar was implemented over a 1-month period, among 581 adults chosen from 300 randomly selected households. Individuals were provided phones with data plans and the FMS app preloaded. Verification of the collected data occurred every 3 days, via a phone interview. The experiment reveals various social and technical challenges. Models of individual likelihood to participate suggest little bias. Several socioeconomic and demographic characteristics apparently do influence, however, the number of days fully verified per individual. Similar apparent biases emerge when predicting the likelihood of a given day being verified. Some risk of non-random, non-response is, thus, evident.     

双管同沟技术中的土壤温度场的计算

用数值模拟来研究冷成品油管对恒稳态热油管热量的传递问题,使用西部管道作为研究对象.在研究中,主要使用新疆北部的埋地管道和90#汽油.通过导热方程计算不同条件下的成品油管和原油管土壤温度场的变化情况.用三节点单元格对管道土壤进行模拟.根据模拟图得出结论.     

积极推广应用西部项目成果促进广西交通事业发展

文章介绍了近几年广西交通厅在推广应用和加快西部科技项目成果转化方面采取的措施,阐述了积极推广应用西部项目成果对促进广西交通事业发展的意义。     

Back-Calculation of Ground Stress Field and Rockburst Analysis for Wunvfeng Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Studying the in-situ stress distribution at a tunnel site is very important to determine surrounding rock characteristics, the engineering design and the construction scheme. By using the multiple linear regression method based on the least square algorithm, the initial geostress field is analyzed and the corresponding regression coefficients are obtained. The ground stress obtained from the proposed back analysis is reasonable and can meet the demands of the engineering applications. From the rockburst risk level distribution diagram, it is speculated that the Wunvfeng tunnel is in the high filed stress area. Field monitoring should be strengthened and emergency plans should be made to cope with the rockburst risks during the construction process. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

活断层错动位移下衬砌断面型式对隧道结构的影响

以棋盘石隧道为工程背景,采用有限元方法,设置五种不同仰拱半径的三心圆断面,对比研究了活动断层错动下不同衬砌断面型式对链式结构隧道受力及塑性变形的影响。结果表明:断层错动引起隧道二次衬砌受到拉张、剪切、挤压组合作用;断层错动引起的高应力带主要在断层带内的节段拱脚位置,且峰值位于上盘,剪切缝能有效地吸收断层错动产生的拉应力;在隧道断面不断趋向正圆的过程中,二次衬砌最大主应力、最小主应力、剪应力均呈减小趋势,等效塑性应变呈增大趋势。     

基于荣乌高速烟威段的生态建设和修复技术研究

高速公路建设的迅速发展在带来很高的社会效益和经济效益的同时,对路域自然环境、对生态平衡造成的影响日益突出。本文以荣乌高速烟威段实施的绿化工程为案例,对路堑边坡、路侧裸地、受损湿地生态系统修复技术进行了探讨和研究。     

基于自适应神经模糊推理的交通状态判别方法

文章针对交通状态具有模糊性和主观性的特点,建立能够真实反映人对交通拥塞程度感觉的自适应-神经模糊推理系统,使具有变化连续的交通流参数模糊化处理,实现了道路交通状态的准确、快速辨别。     

公路隧道环境影响评价中存在的问题与对策建议

公路隧道环境影响评价在预防和减缓隧道建设、运营对生态环境的影响上起着重要的作用.文章在对公路隧道环评实践过程中存在的现行法规难以完全满足环评需要、环评介入时间滞后以及其他一些环评技术问题进行分析讨论的基础上.提出了制定隧道环评专门法规、加强隧道环评监管和提高隧道环评人员素质的对策建议.     

可拓理论在高等级公路隧道围岩分级中的应用研究

根据可拓理论在解决不相容问题及不确定问题等方面的突出特点,文章对其进行了适当的改进,得出高等级公路隧道围岩分级系统可拓评价体系,并应用于广东省惠深高速公路牛湖山隧道的围岩质量评价当中.且通过与灰色关联分析方法、专家经验方法等评价结果相比较,证明了高速公路隧道围岩分级系统可拓评价体系的科学性、合理性和经济性.