Computer Simulation of Thermal-Mechanical Processing

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Implementation of discharging/charging current sensorless state-of-charge estimator reflecting cell-to-cell variations in lithium-ion series battery packs

This paper offers novel insights to the design and implementation of an innovative state-of-charge (SOC) estimator for the lithium-ion (Li-Ion) series battery pack. The most interesting feature of this approach is that it can utilize information from each filtered terminal voltage of the Li-Ion cells connected in series for SOC estimation of the battery pack. Without actual sensing each discharging/charging current (DCC) applied to the Li-Ion cells, it is possible to extract each DCC estimation from the corresponding filtered terminal voltages with an equivalent electrical circuit model (EECM) identification of all Li-Ion cells in the battery pack. There are two advantages to SOC estimation of the battery pack with this approach. First, the proposal can be implemented simply and effectively, reducing the computational steps required for SOC estimation. By reducing computational steps, the proposal is expected to be more cost-effective. Second, the approach guarantees an improved SOC performance, even if the battery pack results in inevitable cell-to-cell variation among Li-Ion cells. Accordingly, there are fewer differences to previously estimated DCCs among Li-Ion cells. Specifically, all values from the estimated DCCs are properly compensated for by simultaneous parameter modification according to each cell’s electrochemical characteristics. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that our DCC sensorless SOC estimator provides robust SOC performance for the battery pack. This approach considered an experimental battery pack (12S1P) connected in series using 2.6 Ah LiCoO2 cells produced by Samsung SDI.     

中国首艘VLCC缘定德黑兰

接近年底,世界经济复苏的声音不绝于耳,复苏的证据也在不断出现.然而,复苏之路却依然艰难而曲折.特别是,贸易保护主义再次抬头,并幻化成"绿色壁垒",对刚刚从危机中缓慢苏醒的世界经济和贸易形成了强烈冲击.那么,后危机时代的贸易壁垒将呈现出哪些特点? "中国制造"的出路何在?带着这些问题,本刊记者专访了中国国际贸易学会常务理事、清华大学中美关系研究中心周世俭高级研究员.     

软土地基桥梁桩基对既有地铁盾构影响分析——上海高科西路中汾泾桥梁桩基与7号线地铁盾构

随着道路交通的进一步发展,桥梁桩基与地下建筑间的相互影响正逐步凸显。对上海的软土地基而言,如何有效控制两者间的不良影响,是工程设计人员不断探索和研究的方向。该文通过介绍桥梁桩基设计时采取的各项措施,通过模拟计算和实测数据,介绍了高科西路中汾泾桥梁桩基对已建地铁7号线盾构的影响,以供借鉴参考。     

Study of in-vehicle route guidance systems for improvement of right-side drivers in the Japanese traffic system

A country can adopt one of two standards for traffic flow — cars may travel on the left or right side of the road. When drivers who are accustomed to driving on the right side of the road drive on the left side, and vice versa, the mental workload is likely increased due to the driver’s unfamiliarity with a new language, the position of the driver’s seat, different driving directions, and other factors that differ from those of their home country. One method of doing this is to make sure that the in-vehicle route guidance information (RGI) is not overly complicated — thereby assisting drivers in improving their safety. Consequently, the aim of this study was to facilitate mobility and improve safety for natural right-side drivers driving temporarily in left-side traffic. In this study, driver behavior and workload — given various types of RGI — were evaluated in a driving simulator with a variety of prescribable test conditions. This research was composed of two experiments. In the first, various types of in-vehicle route guidance systems were tested and evaluated in terms of their characteristics and associated driver behaviors (while driving). In the second experiment, systemic factors and effectiveness were evaluated by two combined systems, arrow and map-type information, based on the results of the first experiment. In light of both experiments, the various types of route guidance systems were discussed in terms of their results. A navigation system was proposed to alleviate some of the secondary tasks such as route selection.     

地质雷达在道路路面检测中的应用

解释了被测道路地质雷达采集的数据，分析了分层界面的图像特征，说明了三类脱空区图像异常分别对应于严重脱空区、中等脱空区和轻微脱空；给出了破损板块路面图像特征；总结了被测道路的厚度和缺陷的特点；提出了测试道路的缺陷处理建议。     

组合式车顶组对工装在现代货车生产中的应用

详细介绍了组合式车顶组对工装的工作原理及在小批量多品种货车生产中的应用。     

A Comparison of Various Computer Simulation Models for Predicting the Directional Responses of Articulated Vehicles

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of the predictions, made using computer simulation models of different levels of complexity, of the directional responses of commercial articulated vehicles in steady-state and lane-change maneuvers. The differences in the predictions obtained using various models are examined and are compared with available experimental data. The objective of this study is to compare the capabilities and limitations of various simulation models for predicting the directional behavior of articulated vehicles.     

钢轨闪光焊接头轨底角裂纹分析

通过对钢轨闪光焊接头轨底角裂纹进行宏观、微观分析，发现焊接工艺过程中顶锻不足是导致轨底角裂纹的主要原因。     

基于人体损伤的低速气囊标定研究

文章应用整车碰撞有限元模型与THUMS人体模型,对该车低速碰进行了气囊匹配分析,分析了该车在25kmph、28kmph、30kmph、32kmph的低速碰撞情况的人体伤害情况,得出了该车在30kmph时,且气囊在35ms起爆时,人体伤害最小的结论。