全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10433篇 |
免费 | 186篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 2503篇 |
综合类 | 1192篇 |
水路运输 | 3194篇 |
铁路运输 | 1253篇 |
综合运输 | 2477篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 54篇 |
2022年 | 159篇 |
2021年 | 128篇 |
2020年 | 95篇 |
2019年 | 108篇 |
2018年 | 228篇 |
2017年 | 139篇 |
2016年 | 195篇 |
2015年 | 167篇 |
2014年 | 338篇 |
2013年 | 1372篇 |
2012年 | 488篇 |
2011年 | 603篇 |
2010年 | 466篇 |
2009年 | 563篇 |
2008年 | 516篇 |
2007年 | 503篇 |
2006年 | 446篇 |
2005年 | 423篇 |
2004年 | 344篇 |
2003年 | 234篇 |
2002年 | 176篇 |
2001年 | 184篇 |
2000年 | 182篇 |
1999年 | 118篇 |
1998年 | 146篇 |
1997年 | 129篇 |
1996年 | 153篇 |
1995年 | 153篇 |
1994年 | 90篇 |
1993年 | 195篇 |
1992年 | 164篇 |
1991年 | 80篇 |
1990年 | 94篇 |
1989年 | 61篇 |
1988年 | 76篇 |
1987年 | 65篇 |
1986年 | 61篇 |
1985年 | 78篇 |
1984年 | 75篇 |
1983年 | 73篇 |
1982年 | 73篇 |
1981年 | 95篇 |
1980年 | 68篇 |
1979年 | 91篇 |
1978年 | 56篇 |
1977年 | 69篇 |
1976年 | 53篇 |
1975年 | 65篇 |
1974年 | 50篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
101.
102.
采用物理光学法导出金属平板RCS与倾斜角的理论公式。讨论在舰船RCS整形设计中如何采用该公式进行折衷设计和理论分析。 相似文献
103.
All developments on air pollution by ships are fairly recent. Annex VI of the international Marpol-convention, regulating
the emissions of CFCs, Halons, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from cargoes, emissions from incinerators and exhaust gas
emissions from engines (NOx and SOx) entered into force in May 2005. The International Maritime Organization is currently discussing an upgrade of the air pollution
issues covered by Annex VI and some that are not in Annex VI, such as greenhouse gas emissions. CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas emitted by ship. Fuel consumption by the world merchant fleet is expected to grow to
between 250–300 million tons per year with corresponding CO2 emissions of 800–960 million tons per year. In Western Europe land based measures have reduced sulphur emissions substantially,
leaving shipping as an important remaining source of these emissions. Average sulphur content of heavy fuel oils is 3%, with
a limit of 4.5% imposed by Annex VI. Both the Baltic- and the North Sea have the status of SOx emission control area, limiting sulphur content to 1.5%. 相似文献
104.
The nature of the global economy is one of dynamic change. Shipping is a service industry with its demand related to changes in international trade levels and patterns. As a consequence shipping is subject to sometimes unpredictable swings in demand so that the operator is required to make strategic planning decisions while navigating through boom or bust environments. While boom economies generate rising freight rates which are welcomed and encourage investment, ship operators may also have to face falling freight demand and declining freight rates that may have significant impact on profitability, often falling to uneconomic levels for extended periods. In such a period of uncertainty and declining profitability management will make operational decisions to reduce costs. However, shipping lines operate in a market environment so any decisions made to rationalize the trade may have significant long-term competitive implications. For example, traditional micro economic theory might suggest that the prudent strategy to adopt would be to close down the operation and reopen when the market conditions improve. In a world of certainty or when costs of taking this action are zero, this would be a valid strategy. However, because of fear of competitors taking up a line's market share if the shipping company exits, even temporarily, this strategy cannot be valued simply in terms of shut-down and start-up costs. A further consideration is the fact that standard capital budgeting techniques, such as Net Present Value (NPV), cannot incorporate the flexibility to respond to new information and strategic responses explicitly into their investment analysis. This paper will demonstrate the use of Real Option Analysis (ROA) to provide guidelines for decisions about closing operations in adverse market conditions. 相似文献
105.
J. M. Weslawski J. Wiktor J. Koszteyn M. Zajaczkowski P. Wieczorek L. Kotwicki 《Journal of Marine Systems》1997,10(1-4)
Multidisciplinary, marine ecological observations were conducted at the shallow water edge of the Northeast Water in June, 1993. Although variable in size and shape, a small polynya was constantly present at Eskimonaes, at the fast-ice edge of Ingolfsfjord. A shallow stratified layer developed at the water sufface at negative water and air temperatures—an effect of sea ice melting in cold water early in the season. Nutrients were recorded in considerable quantities, although by mid July NO3 had become depleted. The chlorophyll and phytoplankton maxima at 8–12 m depth had peak values of 2 mg chl a m−3, typical for Arctic algal blooms. The phytoplankton included over 90 species and was dominated by the Fragillariopsis group. Zooplankton was poor in biomass and density, but over 23 taxa were found, with the copepods Oithona similis and Pseudocalanus acuspes being numerically dominant. Sedimentation was approximately 0.2 g dry weight m−2 d−1 and suspended matter concentrations ranged from 4 to 19 mg l−1. The benthos was represented by hard bottom forms only, with a surprisingly dense cover of macrophytes. Juvenile sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis), brittle stars (Ophiocten sericeum) and amphipods were dominant. Higher trophic levels were represented by benthic feeders, such as eiders and walruses. The area observed was more similar to high Arctic fjord ecosystems than to the offshore central Northeast Water polynya. 相似文献
106.
107.
108.
109.
Barbara E. Baarsma Jan G. Lambooy 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2005,10(6):459-475
Externalities are uncompensated influences that are not expressed in a market but that affect the production possibilities or the welfare level of third parties. An example is the noise pollution in airport areas. Although air transport is an important source of economic growth and employment in many countries, the social and environmental problems connected with this sector are rising rapidly. Consequently, airports are becoming a matter of concern to many politicians. On what kind of values should they base their decisions as to further growth or consolidation of the current situation? In this paper we discuss two approaches, one based on mainstream, neo-classical, economics, and one based on institutional approaches, more in particular new institutional economics, which can be seen as a development complementary to the mainstream. 相似文献
110.