Exact Equations for Tractrix Curves Associated with Vehicle Offtracking

Vehicle offtracking behavior at low speeds is closely approximated by a geometric entity called a tractrix. This paper presents differential equations for generalized coordinates of a planar multibody vehicle model based on tractrix behavior. The equations are exact, can be used with any type of input path, are valid for forward and backward movements, and are much simpler than previously published formulations used to compute transient offtracking. The differential equations can be integrated using conventional numerical integration algorithms to obtain plots of the low-speed tracking performance of articulated vehicles. The equations were formulated symbolically by a computer program used to analyze the kinematic and dynamic behavior of multibody systems. Example numerical results are plotted.     

企业文化是企业的灵魂

从文明演化的角度提出企业文化的概念,并阐述了企业文化在企业发展中的作用和影响。     

阿尔斯通开发的PRIMA 3U15型电力机车

阿尔斯通公司运输部开发了PRIMATM机车系列,其类型满足了运营部门提出的模块化和系列化要求.投放欧洲市场的PRIMA型电力机车既满足了通用性要求,又有助于与公路的经济竞争取得成效.为此,阿尔斯通公司继法国双流制机车后又开发了一种三流制机车,该型机车可用于法国、德国和瑞士之间的跨境运输.文章介绍PRIMATM系列的开发过程以及得到法国国家铁路的订单.详细叙述了PRIMA 3U15型三流制机车,重点是PRIMA电力机车的维修、可靠性和可用性.     

Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

羽肠粉制取氨基酸的研究

在１００℃，６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的硫酸作用下，含硬质粗蛋白很高的羽肠粉经１０ｈ水解可制得氨基酸态氮含量为５．２ｍｇ／ｍＬ的氨基酸。其水解液 的酸可用氧化钙中和至微酸性。过滤后的滤液经稀释做为农作物叶面喷施的有机液体肥，而剩余的滤渣亦可做缺硫土壤用的固体肥料。     

Analysis of Driver's Decelerating Strategy in a Car-following Situation

This report describes a decelerating driver-model expressed by driving mode transition in car-following situations. The assumptions for constructing the model are that decelerating strategy of a driver is classified into several simple driving modes and that a driver changs his driving modes based on his perceptible characteristics and experiential rules. Deceleration action is divided into three states; following, standing and braking, which are applied to the model. The model has two paths for driver's decelerating action, one of which is selected by the driver based on the perceptible characteristics and experiential rules. The suitability of the model has been experimentally verified.     

Multiphysic modelling of railway vehicles equipped with pneumatic suspensions

This article presents a multidisciplinary approach of railway pneumatic suspension modelling: both multibody and pneumatic aspects are taken into account. The work aims at obtaining a realistic model of the secondary suspension and coupling it with a multibody model of a train. Various components of the pneumatic circuit such as bellows, tanks, pipes and valves are taken into account. The article focuses on the bellow-pipe-tank subsystem for which several modelling approaches are presented and compared. Differences between differential and algebraic models are highlighted, and an application-dependent choice between them is suggested. A complete model of the pneumatic circuit is then obtained and coupled with a multibody model of the train. As a result, the behaviour of a suburban train equipped with a pneumatic secondary suspension is analysed, in particular undesired oscillating motions which affect the comfort. Topological modifications and improvements of the suspension are also investigated and discussed.     

葛洲坝各机组拦污栅进口流态及压差分析

本文以葛洲坝电厂原型观测为基础,在对坝前流态做整体分析的基础上,说明坝前流态对拦污栅污物聚集及对拦污栅水头损失的影响。对葛洲坝电站21台机组进行原型观测后分析得出:各机组拦污栅前后水位及进水口流态各不相同,因此造成拦污栅前后压差的原因也是不同的,不能一概而论,要具体问题具体分析。同时提出在以后的工程设计中要考虑坝前流态对电站拦污栅污物排漂的影响及防治。     

打造廉政长江海事——访长江海事局局长袁宗祥

近年来,长江海事局以科学发展观为统领,立足"三个服务",认真实施"四化三步走"发展战略,即到2020年分三步全面实现管理信息化、反应快速化,执法规范化,监管现代化。坚持"标本兼治、纠建并举"、"谁主管谁负责、管业务必管政风"的原则,全力打造"廉