乘用车后碰撞安全模拟与结构设计研究

针对我国乘用车后碰撞燃油系统安全要求的强制性标准,研究了乘用车后碰撞安全的一般设计方法。通过某车型三厢改两厢的改型开发案例,利用有限元分析方法,分析验证了改型车的燃油系统安全性。从中总结了乘用车后碰撞安全结构设计的一些原则与要点。     

Equilibria of bilateral taxi–customer searching and meeting on networks

This paper proposes an equilibrium model to characterize the bilateral searching and meeting between customers and taxis on road networks. A taxi driver searches or waits for a customer by considering both the expected searching or waiting time cost and ride revenue, and a customer seeks a taxi ride to minimize full trip price. We suppose that the bilateral taxi–customer searching and meeting occurs anywhere in residential and commercial zones or at prescribed taxi stands, such as an airport or a railway station. We propose a meeting function to spell out the search and meeting frictions that arise endogenously as a result of the distinct spatial feature of the area and the taxi–customer moving decisions. With the proposed meeting function and the assumptions underlying taxi–customer search behaviors, the stationary competitive equilibrium achieved at fixed fare prices is determined when the demand of the customers matches the supply of taxis or there is market clearing at the prevailing searching and waiting times in every meeting location. We establish the existence of such an equilibrium by virtue of Brouwer’s fixed-point theorem and demonstrate its principal operational characteristics with a numerical example.     

小型液压挖掘机回转过程能量消耗与节能研究

为了使小型液压挖掘机在回转过程中降低能量消耗,对小型液压挖掘机在重载工况下以不同转动惯量回转时的能量消耗特性进行分析,利用Pro/E软件建立了整机的三维模型,利用AME-sim软件建立了液压系统仿真模型,通过ADAMS和AMEsim软件对模型进行联合仿真,并进行试验研究,得到小型液压挖掘机在回转过程中由转动惯量变化引起的能量消耗和系统压力变化的规律。结果表明:在重载工况下以小转动惯量回转时,采用柴油机停缸技术,可以使平均燃油消耗下降15%。     

襄阳市内环线工程汉江三桥索塔锚固区足尺模型试验研究

襄阳汉江三桥主桥索塔上塔柱为预应力混凝土结构,斜拉索锚固区构造和受力状态均较为复杂。通过制作索塔第25节段的足尺模型进行加载试验,并结合有限元计算及理论分析,对斜拉索索塔锚固区的应力大小、应力分布、应力流方向等局部应力状态以及抗裂性、承载力进行研究,对设计的合理性进行分析评价,确保结构受力的合理性和安全性。研究结果表明,试验加载至最大荷载1.7 P时,模型结构仍然处于弹性工作状态,模型混凝土表面未出现可见裂缝,说明结构具有足够的安全度,索塔锚固区的设计是合理的。     

一种高可靠、高可用集群计算平台的设计与实现

高可靠与高可用已经成为高性能计算中不可或缺的要素.文章设计并实现的H3C集群系统应用对称式热备份(Symmetry Active/Active Replication)机制提高了集群关键服务的可靠性和可用性,使集群头节点(Head Node)在失效时仍能够提供不间断的服务.在结合LAM/MPI和BLCR检查点机制的基础上开发出高可用MPI运行环境HA/MPI,有效解决了并行计算过程中计算节点(Computing Node)失效的容错难题.     

沈阳市城市快速路建设发展综述

通过阐述沈阳市快速路建设发展情况,分析了市区交通变化情况、城市快速路的规划发展思路和设计方案的演化,研究了各阶段沈阳市快速路体系的功能定位和不同时期快速路设计方案需要考虑的各类影响因素,总结了快速路工程建设经验,探索了快速路未来设计和建造的新模式.     

图说街道——感受国内外城市道路

城市道路为居民提供交通、交往、休闲、购物、运动等各种服务,是城市生活的重要场所,街道也是政府为居民提供的公共产品。评价街道是否设计得好,必定是一个综合的标准。该文认为:此综合标准需要处理好人与车、美观与适用、技术与人文等关系,并以国内外诸多道路的实景作了图解。     

超偏载检测装置运用中误报的常见原因分析

从超偏载检测装置位置、设备基础变化、车号设备故障、超偏载检测装置故障、计算机病毒影响、列车编组情况等方面，分析超偏载检测装置运用中造成误报警的原因。     

Existence of self-financing and Pareto-improving congestion pricing: Impact of value of time distribution

This paper considers a static congestion pricing model in which travelers select a mode from either, driving on highway or taking public transit, to minimize a combination of travel time, operating cost and toll. The focus is to examine how travelers’ value of time (VOT), which is continuously distributed in a population, affects the existence of a pricing-refunding scheme that is both self-financing (i.e. requiring no external subsidy) and Pareto-improving (i.e. reducing system travel time while making nobody worse off). A condition that insures the existence of a self-financing and Pareto-improving (SFPI) toll scheme is derived. Our derivation reveals that the toll authority can select a proper SFPI scheme to distribute the benefits from congestion pricing through a credit-based pricing scheme. Under mild assumptions, we prove that an SFPI toll always exists for concave VOT functions, of which the linear function corresponding to the uniform distribution is a special case. Existence conditions are also established for a class of rational functions. These results can be used to analyze more realistic VOT distributions such as log-normal distribution. A useful implication of our analysis is that the existence of an SFPI scheme is not guaranteed for general functional forms. Thus, external subsidies may be required to ensure Pareto-improving, even if policy-makers are willing to return all toll revenues to road users.