RMS Values for Force, Stroke and Deflection in a Quarter-car Model Active Suspension with Preview

Summary In the case of a quarter-car vehicle model incorporating an active suspension, the addition of preview to the system necessitates finding new techniques for the direct computation of rms values for control force, suspension stroke and tyre deflection on a random road. Here we obtain these rms values from the performance index components as derived analytically by means of matrix operations requiring the solution of Lyapunov equations and the use of similarity transformations. Some numerical examples and MATLAB programs are included.     

Control system design for an individual signalized junction

The traffic signal settings for a single road junction have been often evaluated by mathematical programming techniques. This paper proposes a new approach to the problem which allows all the regulation variables to be incorporated into a Binary-Mixed-Integer- Linear-Programming model. This general model permits some of the limitative assumptions involved in other formulations of the problem based on the stage matrix to be removed. The model can be easily solved obtaining a fast computation of the globally optimal control system design. A detailed treatment is given for the particular structure of the mathematical programming schemes obtained by considering delay minimization, capacity reserve maximization, or cycle time minimization as the objective.     

滚装客船市场状况浅析

本文通过分析滚装客船的特点和发展趋势以及国内外滚装客船的建造现状，说明滚装客船有比较好的市场前景，是值得我国重点发展的船型之一。     

Circuit racing,track texture,temperature and rubber friction

ABSTRACT

Some general observations relating to tyre shear forces and road surfaces are followed by more specific considerations from circuit racing. The discussion then focuses on the mechanics of rubber friction. The classical experiments of Grosch are outlined and the interpretations that can be put on them are discussed. The interpretations involve rubber viscoelasticity, so that the vibration properties of rubber need to be considered. Adhesion and deformation mechanisms for energy dissipation at the interface between rubber and road and in the rubber itself are highlighted. The enquiry is concentrated on energy loss by deformation or hysteresis subsequently. Persson's deformation theory is outlined and the material properties necessary to apply the theory to Grosch's experiments are discussed. Predictions of the friction coefficient relating to one particular rubber compound and a rough surface are made using the theory and these are compared with the appropriate results from Grosch. Predictions from Persson's theory of the influence of nominal contact pressure on the friction coefficient are also examined. The extent of the agreement between theory and experiment is discussed. It is concluded that there is value in the theory but that it is far from complete. There is considerable scope for further research on the mechanics of rubber friction.     

Performance evaluation of slim low-risk-deployment dual-type passenger airbag system with dispersed inflation pressure

Motor vehicle passenger airbags have been proven to be effective for reducing the possibility of passenger injury during a crash. However, the inflation of the airbag sometimes causes serious injury when a passenger is positioned close to the airbag. The United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 208 requires the use of a low-riskdeployment (LRD) passenger airbag system. This paper proposes a newly developed airbag system comprising two slim airbags mounted on the instrument panel. A series of tests were conducted using the FMVSS 208 test procedures to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system. It was found that the system not only satisfied the injury criteria of FMVSS 208, but was also effective for protecting passengers of all sizes.     

Multimode trip information detection using personal trajectory data

Handheld global positioning system (GPS) devices can serve as a new tool to collect an individual's trip information with advantages of low cost, accurate data, and intensive spatial coverage. Various machine learning algorithms have been explored to detected trip train information in previous studies; however, few of them focused on the evaluation and comparison of the performance and applicability of different models. Meanwhile, according to previous studies, car and bus mode detection is a thorny issue due to their similar travel characteristics, and algorithms still need to be well explored and improved to solve this problem. In this article, an innovative method is proposed to detect trip information, including trip modes, mode-changing time and location, and other attributes, from personal trajectory data. The method is a two-step process. A machine learning algorith-based module (including artificial neural network, support vector machine, random forests, and Bayesian network) is firstly used to identify walk, bicycle, and motorized trip modes (bus or car); we thoroughly compared the performance of these four algorithms. Then a second module, using critical points on the GPS trajectories, is further developed to distinguish car and bus mode, incorporated with GIS map information. Field test results show that the proposed machine learning models can all be applied for walk, bicycle, and motorized mode detection with high detection rates exceeding 90%; however, the algorithms work relatively poorly for bus and car mode detection, with results mostly below 75%. The proposed two-step method can greatly improve bus and car mode detection accuracy by 14–30%. As a result, the average mode detection rates for all the four modes are above 90%. Compared with mode detection results by using only the machine learning algorithm, the proposed two-step method has much better performance in both accuracy and consistency.     

多功能远洋渔船主推进系统和电站配置研究综述

明确了多功能远洋渔船的发展前景及意义,结合中国远洋渔船发展现状提出了中国多功能远洋渔船主推进系统设计的四种可行性方案。分析了典型的多功能远洋渔船运行工况,并以此为基础给出了柴油机推进方案,电力推进方案,轴带发电机方案,以及混合电力推进方案研究方法。强调了每种设计方案的重点,并分析了每种方案优缺点,为后继开展更为深入的研究和实际工程应用提供了借鉴与参考。     

宏基因组学及其技术的研究进展

宏基因组学是研究生态群体基因功能和其相互作用的新科学领域,以特定生态环境中微小生物遗传物质的总和作为研究对象,基本研究策略是通过克隆、异源表达,筛选出有用的新基因及其产物。宏基因组学为生命学科和药学研究提供了一个强有力的新技术,并在包括医学在内的许多领域取得了新成就。本述评对宏基因组学的概念、技术和应用作了简要介绍。     

环氧合酶-2和ki-67在宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达

目的研究环氧合酶-2(COX-2)和ki-67在慢性宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样变(CIN)、宫颈鳞状细胞癌(SCC)中的表达及其相关性。方法RT-PCR法检测COX-2 mRNA在正常、炎性、CIN组织和SCC组织中的表达;免疫组化法检测各组中COX-2和ki-67蛋白的表达。结果COX-2 mRNA和蛋白在正常组无表达,在炎性、CIN和SCC组表达升高(P<0.05),COX-2蛋白的表达与肿瘤体积和浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。ki-67在正常组中偶有表达,在炎性组和CIN组表达增高,在SCC组显著增高(P<0.01)。COX-2与ki-67蛋白的表达相关(r=0.675,P<0.001)。结论COX-2表达增高可能是宫颈癌发生发展的早期事件,与细胞异常增生有关。     

氧化苦参碱对慢性肾脏病患者血清MMP-9和TIMP-1的影响

目的观察氧化苦参碱对慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1(TIMP-1)的影响,探讨其在肾间质纤维化发生发展过程中的作用和治疗价值。方法选取健康对照者10例、慢性肾脏病患者40例,根据肾小球滤过率(GFR)分为轻度肾损害组(GFR<90 mL/min.1.73 m2,CKDⅠ)和中、重度肾损害组(GFR<60 mL/min.1.73 m2,CKDⅡ),再分层随机抽样,分为常规治疗组和氧化苦参碱组。利用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法分别检测各组治疗前后血清MMP-9和TIMP-1含量,采用t检验比较两组MMP-9和TIMP-1水平的差异。结果经氧化苦参碱干预后,TIMP-1水平显著低于常规治疗组,而MMP-9水平则显著高于常规治疗组(P<0.05)。结论氧化苦参碱可下调TIMP-1水平,恢复MMP-9水平,保持MMP-9/TIMP-1平衡,减少细胞外基质(ECM)沉积,防止肾间质纤维化。