矩形顶管隧道群施工对后背土体扰动规律的初步研究

为更准确地计算矩形顶管隧道施工所需顶推力,揭示小间距顶管隧道群施工中后背土体在顶推力多次叠加作用扰动后的变化情况。首先,基于现有顶管顶推力相关计算公式推导出适用于矩形顶管的顶推力计算公式。然后,整理分析某顶管隧道群工程施工中后背土体水平位移、土压力实测数据,论证矩形顶管顶推力计算公式的正确性与合理性,得到后背土体受顶推力作用产生的水平位移是以隧道中心处为最大值的弓形分布、土体在顶推力二次作用下会产生更为显著的变化且存在残余应力现象等结论。最后,采用统计方法对顶推压力与后背土体水平位移、土压力之间的数据进行处理,取得后背土在顶推压力作用下产生水平位移与土压力的经验公式。     

大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法研究

为解决当下地下空间开发难题,依托中铁工程装备集团地下停车场项目,提出建造大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法（CC工法）,并成功应用。文章从传统各工法的特点出发,阐述CC工法的设想。基于工程实践过程,首先,从地下结构的分割与转换2个角度,重点介绍大型地下空间的形成过程、型钢和钢筋混凝土组合结构管节、节点处理措施等创新内容; 然后,针对B类节点的处理措施、整体背土现象等工程问题进行解决与优化; 最后,探讨该工法拓展应用的可能性,分别介绍多层、曲线、长距离、装配式结构大型地下空间的初步方案。CC工法的成功研发,旨在为城市大型地下空间开发提供一套新的解决思路。     

A mixed Bayesian network for two-dimensional decision modeling of departure time and mode choice

The modeling of travel decision making has been a popular topic in transportation planning. Previous studies focused on random-utility discrete choice models and machine learning methods. This paper proposes a new modeling approach that utilizes a mixed Bayesian network (BN) for travel decision inference. The authors use a predetermined BN structure and calculate priori and posterior probability distributions of the decision alternatives based on the observed explanatory variables. As a “utility-free” decision inference method, the BN model releases the linear structure in the utility function but assumes the traffic level of service variables follow multivariate Gaussian distribution conditional on the choice variable. A real-world case study is conducted by using the regional travel survey data for a two-dimensional decision modeling of both departure time choice and travel mode choice. The results indicate that a two-dimensional mixed BN provides better accuracy than decision tree models and nested logit models. In addition, one can derive continuous elasticity with respect to each continuous explanatory variable for sensitivity analysis. This new approach addresses a research gap in probabilistic travel decision making modeling as well as two-dimensional travel decision modeling.     

On Safety in Dismantling Temporary Strut of Super-large Tunnels with Double-layer Primary Support北大核心CSCD

More and more multiple-track tunnels and super-large section tunnels have been built, and disman- tling of temporary strut is a weak point of the whole structure during force transfer when the secondary lining is con- structed. It is significant to guarantee structure safety during dismantling of temporary strut. Little systematic re- search on safety in dismantling of temporary strut of the super-large section tunnel with double-layer primary support has been conducted, so the internal force and security of the two-layer primary support of the Xinkaotang tunnel were analyzed by a numerical analysis and site measurement, and it proves the effect of two-layer primary support on the safety during strut dismantling. The research results indicate that: (1) with constant support thickness and one-time longitudinal dismantling length, the safety factor of secondary primary support is larger than that of the first primary support, and the safety factor of the first primary support is larger than that of the single-layer primary support. Change range of safety factor for the first primary support is smaller than that of the single-layer primary support, and the safe factor for the single-layer primary support is smaller than that of the secondary primary support; (2) with the same support pattern, the safety factors increase firstly and then decrease with an increase of the onetime dismantling length. The calculated results of various cases show that the reasonable one-time dismantling length for this project is about 9 m. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于交通一卡通的电子票证模式研究

针对日益多样化的公众出行需求,利用已有的交通一卡通用户资源和支付场景优势,文章借助先进的空中发卡技术,提出基于交通一卡通的电子票证模式研究,满足各用户群体不同的出行需求,为公众提供更加便捷、更加灵活的城市交通一卡通服务。     

建筑垃圾再生材料压缩性质分析

建筑垃圾再生材料应用于高速公路路堤中对应推广废旧材料和合理化应用具有重要意义。高速公路路堤主要承受竖向荷载,路堤材料的竖向变形性质直接影响高速公路质量。本文基于室内大型固结仪对建筑垃圾再生材料开展了压缩试验,对比分析了建筑垃圾再生材料和纯砖材料的孔隙比与荷载、压缩系数与荷载、孔隙比与压实度、压缩系数与压实度关系。试验结果表明:建筑垃圾再生材料的变形发生在荷载施加的瞬间,在各级荷载下累计变形曲线呈"台阶"状增长,压实度对压缩参数影响较大,压实度从90%到96%过渡时建筑垃圾再生料由中等压缩性变化为低压缩性,相比纯砖填料配比建筑垃圾填料具有较好的压缩性能,可应用于高速公路填方中。     

船舶新型平衡变压器的设计与仿真

船舶电力系统带单相负载运行时引起三相不平衡问题,目前采用的基于平均分配负荷法的供电方式并不能有效解决这个问题。提出了适用于船舶电力系统的平衡变压器的设计基本要求,设计了一种适用于船舶三相三线绝缘电力系统的新型结构平衡变压器,该变压器具有结构简单、材料利用率较高、不需要阻抗匹配、生产制造容易等特点,深入研究平衡变压器的基本原理、运行特性和有限元仿真,结果表明该平衡变压器能够消除零序电流,有效降低负序电流,可以为船舶电力系统解决单相负载运行引起的三相不平衡问题提供了理论支撑和技术支持,具有重要的工程意义和军事应用价值。     

基于模型参考自适应的电动车用内置式永磁同步电机电感参数辨识技术研究

内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)由于其优良的转矩特性和宽广的调速范围而广泛运用于电动汽车电驱系统。与表贴式永磁同步电机(SMPSM)不同,IPMSM转子具有强烈的凸极效应。因此其控制方式相较表贴式更为复杂,需要更加精确的电机数学模型。但是由于饱和效应和交叉耦合,电感参数会随运行工况变化而发生变化,从而影响系统控制精度,所以能够实时掌握内置式永磁同步电机电感参数是非常重要的。本文采用模型参考自适应算法(MRAS)实现IPMSM电感参数在线辨识,运用Runge Kutta离散化方法建立可调模型,依据Popov超稳定性定理推导出自适应律。仿真结果表明,采用MRAS的在线参数辨识算法可以准确、实时地辨识出IPMSM的交、直轴电感。     

基于声信号分形特征的柴油机故障在线诊断系统研究

分析了柴油机声信号的分形特征,将标度曲线的无标度区域局部斜率作为特征关联维数,用来判别柴油机的工作状态。利用Lab VIEW平台开发了在线故障诊断系统,给出了关联维数的计算流程,并以东风4135四缸直喷式柴油机作为对象进行试验,分析了四种工况下柴油机声信号的局部斜率特征,建立了关联维数特征库。