Clamping performance of fastener in windshield wiper assembly using theoretical and experimental methods

Improper clamping of wiper arms can cause problems in the operation of the wiper. An excessive clamping force can cause damage to the wiper arm head. On the other hand, an insufficient clamping force can cause self-loosening of the nut. Given the lack of direct research on the clamping force of the fastener in wiper assembly, this study verifies the existing clamping performance of the fastener in windshield wiper assembly by theoretical and experimental methods. The theoretical calculation results show that all the clamping performance are satisfied under the general snow load condition. However, under the critical load condition, maximum assembly preload and safety margin against slipping are in disagreement with the standard values. This problem is solved by increasing the strength grade of the bolt. The experimental results show a reducing tendency of the clamping force during the snow durability test. However, this reducing clamping force during the 60,000 test cycles is acceptable. In the case of nut reusing more than two times possibly cause a problem of its loosening because of insufficient clamping force. Therefore, it is recommended that the nut should not be reused more than two times.     

Trigger algorithm of vehicle automatic crash notification system

The Automatic Crash Notification (ACN) system is an effective technology to decrease the crash response time, improve the level of post-accident rescue and alleviate the severity of injuries. To realize this system, a vehicle terminal is developed. And based on a moving window integral algorithm, the trigger algorithm of ACN system is designed. By comparing the effect of different window widths on the trigger algorithm, we select the window width of the moving window integral algorithm as 8 ms. After system is triggered, different notify types was determined according to the change of velocity in the moving window. A sled impact simulation test shows that the impact can be identified rapidly and also the notify types can be judged by the trigger algorithm. A vehicle road test proves that the ACN system has no false trigger cases. The outcomes of this study support identifications of accidents and crash severities for both occupants and emergency centers.     

Estimation of maximum road friction coefficient based on Lyapunov method

With the real time and accurate information of motor torque and rotation speed of the four-in-wheel-motordrive electric vehicles, a slip based algorithm for estimating maximum road friction coefficient is designed using Lyapunov stability theory. Modified Burckhardt tire model is used to describe longitudinal slip property of the tire. By introducing a new state variable, a nonlinear estimator is proposed to estimate the longitudinal tire force and the maximum road friction coefficient simultaneously. With the appropriate selection of estimation gain, the convergence of the estimation error of the tire longitudinal force and maximum road friction coefficient is proved through Lyapunov stability analysis. In addition, the error is exponentially stable near the origin. Finally the method is validated with Carsim-Simulink co-simulation and real vehicle tests under multi working conditions in acceleration situation which demonstrate high computational efficiency and accuracy of this method.     

树状多柔体系统动力学递推组集建模法

引入一种描述多柔体系统的随体坐标系,实现了刚体平动,刚体转动与弹性运动的分解,较好地消除了由于刚体大角度转动而产生的刚弹耦合非线性特性,根据约当变分原理,应用递推组集技术,由外层到内层逐层组装系统动力学方程,概括出一种树状多柔体系统动力学递推组集建模方法,降低了所需计算机存贮,最后给出了一个数值算例。     

Influence of seabed sand wave on hydrodynamic performance of submersible北大核心CSCD

[目的]研究潜器在海底沙波地形干扰下的水动力特性。[方法]基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,使用STAR-CCM+软件并结合重叠网格方法对潜器经过海底沙波的过程进行模拟,计算潜器阻力系数和升力系数在此过程中的变化。[结果]结果表明,当潜器近海底航行时,沙波地形会对潜器产生一定的干扰,当艏部运动至波峰附近时,负升力出现最大值,当艉部运动至波峰附近时,阻力出现最大值;在不同航速下,潜器表面压力分布规律的不同会导致升力系数的变化规律不同;随着近海底距离的减小,海底沙波对潜器阻力和升力变化影响显著,当H/D>5时,海底沙波对潜器阻力和升力的影响可以忽略。[结论]所做研究可为潜器的安全及操纵性能提供一定的参考。     

暴露24年后码头钢筋混凝土梁的碳化和氯离子分布

为了研究海洋环境下,混凝土抗氧离子涉透作用,对日照港煤码头钢筋混凝土梁不同部位钻取了一批直径100mm的混凝土芯样。在实验室测量了芯样的碳化深度和氯离子分布,分析了材料因素和环境因素对碳化和氯离子分布的影响。试验结果表明,在极度潮湿环境下混凝土碳化进展缓慢,且碳化区域以未完全碳化区为主导。所取芯样测试范围内的氯离子含量绝大多数均超过了氯离子限值,且其含量较高。局部气候环境对氯离子的分布有很大影响,尤其体现在对流区的深度变化上。     

地铁限界CAD系统设计及开发研究

地铁限界直接影响地铁土建工程的规模及造价,是工程设计的重要工作内容。本文在分析限界设计内容、方法的基础上,提出了以AutoCAD为图形平台进行地铁限界CAD系统二次开发的设计思想和总体框架,建立了系统数据库,实现了地铁限界的信息化管理和自动设计。系统将限界的计算、设计、成图集成在一起,提高了地铁限界设计效率。     

基于PID控制的摩托车油门伺服系统设计

在无极变速摩托车自动驾驶仪研制中引入数字PID控制,运用积分分离和变速积分等措施整定PID控制参数,改进自动驾驶仪的控制性能。对变速控制过程和匀速控制过程分别进行测试,结果表明,自动驾驶仪的动态性能和静态性能得到较好的平衡,在自动驾驶过程中能实时地跟踪速度设定值,同时能适应不同型号的车辆。通过PID控制,摩托车自动驾驶仪的精度和鲁棒性得到有效提高,为准确可靠地获取摩托车性能参数提供了保证。     

前后多车影响的跟驰模型及稳定性分析

驾驶员在跟车行驶过程中,通常会通过视野前后车辆的行驶状态来调整自己的跟驰行为,基于此本文提出了一种考虑驾驶员视野内双前车和后车对跟驰车辆影响的改进跟驰模型.根据线性稳定分析方法,得到了改进模型的中性稳定性条件,并通过计算机仿真模拟进行了验证.为了进一步加强验证结果及说明改进模型的优越性,同经典FVD模型进行了数值仿真对比.仿真结果表明：灵敏度α越大越有利于提高改进跟驰系统的稳定性;同经典FVD跟驰模型相比,改进模型抵抗干扰的能力更突出,能够消散交通系统中的微小扰动,具有抑制交通拥堵和稳定交通流的有利作用.     

Adaptive Sliding-Mode Tracking Control for an Uncertain Nonlinear SISO Servo System with a Disturbance Observer

An adaptive sliding mode controller with a disturbance observer (ASMC-DO) is proposed for the control of a single-input and single-output (SISO) servo system which has uncertain parameters, nonlinear friction, disturbance and input saturation. It is difficult to choose the suitable value of the parameters. The newly designed adaptive method is used to reduce the effects of system time-varying parameters, such as the moment of inertia and the damp coefficient. The robustness of object is improved. A DO is selected to approximate the compound disturbance and to render the estimate error convergent in finite time. The stability and the convergence of the closed-loop system are proved by using the Lyapunov theory. Experimental results show that the proposed ASMC-DO can better satisfy the influence of variable parameters and external disturbance to the control precision of the SISO servo system than other two controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is showed. The control input stability and robust performances of the input saturation system are enhanced and the chattering is reduced.