Isolating high-priority metro and feeder bus transfers using smart card data

Fixed-rail metro (or ‘subway’) infrastructure is generally unable to provide access to all parts of the city grid. Consequently, feeder bus lines are an integral component of urban mass transit systems. While passengers prefer a seamless transfer between these two distinct transportation services, each service’s operations are subject to a different set of factors that contribute to metro-bus transfer delay. Previous attempts to understand transfer delay were limited by the availability of tools to measure the time and cost associated with passengers’ transfer experience. This paper uses data from smart card systems, an emerging technology that automatically collects passenger trip data, to understand transfer delay. The primary objective of this study is to use smart card data to derive a reproducible methodology that isolates high priority transfer points between the metro system and its feeder-bus systems. The paper outlines a methodology to identify transfer transactions in the smart card dataset, estimate bus headways without the aid of geographic location information, estimate three components of the total transfer time (walking time, waiting time, and delay time), and isolate high-priority transfer pairs. The paper uses smart card data from Nanjing, China as a case study. The results isolate eight high priority metro-bus transfer pairs in the Nanjing metro system and finally, offers several targeted measures to improve transfer efficiency.     

海船船员考证对航海英语教学的影响及建议

针对海船船员考证航海英语试卷的题型,采用了问卷调查的方法,分析了对航海英语教学的影响,提出了减少单项选择题、增加翻译题等建议.     

VRGIS在校园管理规划中的应用

简述虚拟现实地理系统在校园管理规划中的应用,即在计算机上实现校园风貌的再现以及对校园进行的管理和规划。文章中介绍的数字校园管理规划系统采用三维成像、虚拟现实技术实现进行三维场景的漫游导航以及交互功能,将校园景观三维可视化,既可以为校园树立良好的形象,还可以作为校园规划管理的有力工具,从而提高校园管理的现代化水平。     

短波并行组合扩频通信系统研究

对短波环境下并行组合扩频系统进行研究,提出一种适合短波并行组合扩频通信的MPSK软解调方法。该调制方式比并行组合扩频常采用的MASK调制方式性能更好。在扩频增益相同条件下,短波并行组合扩频通信选取结构参数r值较小（r=2）的短波并行组合扩频系统为宜。在所选择系统结构的接收端应用RAKE接收技术,仿真表明RAKE接收技术能有效抵抗多径影响,改善短波并行组合扩频系统的误码率性能。     

堆场底层取料控制的改进

取料机在取堆场底层的物料时,剩余的垛底厚度主要由两个因素决定：一是俯仰下限位;二是俯仰极限限位。这两个限位整定一般是根据堆场的标准高度确定的。通常情况下,港口的堆场标高是一个定值,整个堆场上所有的垛位都处在同一水平面上。理论上,取料机底层取料后的剩余垛底厚度是一个固定的整定值。但北方的港口大都是建立在填海造陆的软基基础上的,经过几年使用后,由于堆存煤炭的重力作用,堆场发生了不同程度的沉降,     

循环泵叶轮设计问题的探讨

本文针对某产品配套循环泵叶轮的设计过程中出现的问题,在水力设计过程中增加叶轮出口宽度,在叶片绘型中保证流道过流面积随流道中线线性变化,对轴面图中的前盖板轮廓线形状进行修改。重新设计的叶轮使循环泵的水力性能完全达到设计要求。     

快速测定铝／氧化银电池电解液中碱浓度的方法

用传统化学分析方法测量铝／氧化银电池电解质溶液组分浓度耗时长。针对这一弊端,本文提出通过测量电解质溶液密度、温度,然后结合计算出的铝酸盐浓度,再对照在不同温度下电解质溶液密度与铝酸盐浓度关系曲线图,快速确定电解质溶液中碱的浓度的方法。在电池实际放电过程中证明该方法行之有效。     

Mechanism of Tunnel Water Inflow Caused by Bending Failure of a Waterproof Dike Based on a Circular Thin Plate Mechanical Model北大核心CSCD

Water bursts during tunnel construction endanger construction, and it is therefore necessary to reserve a waterproof dike with the required thickness to avoid water bursts and to take reinforcement of the dike and treatment of the structure liable to trigger a water burst. Using the water burst at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel of the Shanghai-Chengdu expressway as an example, and considering the type of tunnel section and the upright mudstone of the dike, the waterproof dike at the work face is simplified as a round thin plate. A formula for the calculation of a minimum safety thickness for the critical waterproof dike is deduced by analyzing the force applied on the water-proof dike, and the minimum safety thickness for the water burst section at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is cal-culated. The numerical simulation analysis demonstrates the critical thickness of waterproof dike at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is 1.4-1.55 m, and the calculated water inflow and water burst basically agree with the actual condition. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Back-Calculation of Ground Stress Field and Rockburst Analysis for Wunvfeng Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Studying the in-situ stress distribution at a tunnel site is very important to determine surrounding rock characteristics, the engineering design and the construction scheme. By using the multiple linear regression method based on the least square algorithm, the initial geostress field is analyzed and the corresponding regression coefficients are obtained. The ground stress obtained from the proposed back analysis is reasonable and can meet the demands of the engineering applications. From the rockburst risk level distribution diagram, it is speculated that the Wunvfeng tunnel is in the high filed stress area. Field monitoring should be strengthened and emergency plans should be made to cope with the rockburst risks during the construction process. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.