On the axial force induced on a duct by a propulsor

The axial force induced on a duct (duct thrust) which surrounds a propulsor is, by means of an energy conservation argument, expressed in terms of the thrust and power of the propulsor and the kinetic energy losses per unit of time of the propulsor and the duct. Emphasis is put on the linear theory of an axisymmetric ducted actuator disk, where it is shown that the work done by the duct thrust is equal to the extra work done by the actuator disk when it is surrounded by the duct. This simplified model gives more insight into the interaction between the propeller and the duct and on the limits of linearization.     

Pb and Pu in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland: particle dynamics and sediment mixing rates

Distributions of the radionuclides ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu in sediment cores from the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland, showed that these nuclides reached depths of 5–15 cm by particle mixing and sediment accumulation. End-member average values of the particle mixing coefficient and sediment accumulation rate were 0.13 cm² y⁻¹ and 0.06 cm y⁻¹, obtained from the ²¹⁰Pb profiles by assuming that each process is dominant relative to the other. Both ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu were measured on four cores; using the Pu data to constrain mixing rates produced corrected sediment accumulation rates that were 20–80% of the values calculated by neglecting mixing. Organic carbon burial in the polynya sediments was ≤0.4 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹, based on measured POC values at depth in the sediments and sediment accumulation rates corrected for mixing. This value is about 1% of the independently measured POC flux leaving the euphotic zone and compares with benthic carbon remineralization rates of 7% calculated by others from O₂ uptake in the sediments.The inventories of excess ²¹⁰Pb in the sediments ranged from 6 to 28 dpm cm⁻². Relative to the atmospheric input of ²¹⁰Pb and in situ production from decay of ²²⁶Ra, approximately 5 dpm cm⁻² of ²¹⁰Pb was being removed from the water column. The difference between the removal from the water column and sediment inventories suggests a net import of ²¹⁰Pb to the polynya. This may occur by input of dissolved ²¹⁰Pb from offshore waters or by input of ²¹⁰Pb carried by sea ice. Particulate matter in land-derived fast ice adjacent to the polynya contained 330 ± 14 dpm of excess ²¹⁰Pb g⁻¹. If particles transported in sea ice are comparable to those extracted from fast ice, then sea ice transport into the polynya followed by melting may be an important source of excess ²¹⁰Pb to the area. Fast ice also may contribute ²¹⁰Pb if portions break off and melt within the polynya, as occurred in 1993.     

钢板桩海上施打实践

目前钢板桩海上施打国内施工较少。相对于陆域海上施打钢板桩，定位和垂直度控制难度较大。文中论述了“Z”型钢板桩施打平面位置、垂直度的控制等工艺和方法。     

现代军用通信设备造型设计探讨

由于多方面的原因，我国军用通信设备的外观造型总的来说显得单调、呆板，不够简洁明快，色彩不够协调，缺乏时代感和自己的风格；国外的同类设备在外观造型上则构思新颖，精致轻巧，轮廓清晰，线条明快，色调柔和，且注意整机、面板及其他单元模块的协调安排，布局合理，形成了良好的整体效果。对我国军用通信设备造型设计的现状和差距进行了分析，讨论了造型设计的基本概念、美学法则在造型设计中的具体运用以及军用通信设备具体的造型设计方法，并给出了造型设计实例。     

对《桥上无缝线路设计暂行规定》若干关键技术问题的探讨

对桥墩纵向线刚度限值的合理性、无缝线路纵向力的荷载组合等关键技术问题进行了深入的探讨,对桥上无缝线路的设计有一定的参考价值。     

The coastal edge of the Northeast Water polynya in spring 1993

Multidisciplinary, marine ecological observations were conducted at the shallow water edge of the Northeast Water in June, 1993. Although variable in size and shape, a small polynya was constantly present at Eskimonaes, at the fast-ice edge of Ingolfsfjord. A shallow stratified layer developed at the water sufface at negative water and air temperatures—an effect of sea ice melting in cold water early in the season. Nutrients were recorded in considerable quantities, although by mid July NO₃ had become depleted. The chlorophyll and phytoplankton maxima at 8–12 m depth had peak values of 2 mg chl a m⁻³, typical for Arctic algal blooms. The phytoplankton included over 90 species and was dominated by the Fragillariopsis group. Zooplankton was poor in biomass and density, but over 23 taxa were found, with the copepods Oithona similis and Pseudocalanus acuspes being numerically dominant. Sedimentation was approximately 0.2 g dry weight m⁻² d⁻¹ and suspended matter concentrations ranged from 4 to 19 mg l⁻¹. The benthos was represented by hard bottom forms only, with a surprisingly dense cover of macrophytes. Juvenile sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis), brittle stars (Ophiocten sericeum) and amphipods were dominant. Higher trophic levels were represented by benthic feeders, such as eiders and walruses. The area observed was more similar to high Arctic fjord ecosystems than to the offshore central Northeast Water polynya.     

高性能声学通用信号调理器设计

介绍了一种适宜水声接收用的高性能通用信号调理器的设计思路。给出了信号调理器原理框图和电路图，对其中的前置放大器、可编程放大器、混频器、集成有源滤波器、检波器、可编程微控制器等各单元及整体设计方法进行了阐述。     

大秦铁路桑干河峡谷工程地质选线

大秦铁路桑干河峡谷山高谷深,地处燕山沉降带中,地质构造非常复杂,不良地质发育,并有煤矿采空区,桑干河峡谷段成为大秦铁路能否顺直的关键.本文介绍了在进行可行性研究时大洋河和桑干河两大方案的选择、初测阶段桑干河峡谷多方案比选以及定测阶段局部方案确定过程中的综合工程地质勘察工作,从而保证了大秦铁路桑干河峡谷段施工的顺利和运营安全.     

采用"钓鱼法"架设大跨度供水管桥

柳州竹鹅溪大跨度供水管桥架设，采用“钓鱼法”拖吊技术。介绍了操作平台和门架的搭设，卷扬机的布置，吊装机具的选用，供水管末端配重等作业过程。同时指出了施工中需要注意的事项。     

遥感图像处理系统ENVI在国土环境动态监测中的应用

介绍了遥感图像处理软件ENVI的系列波谱分析工具,详细说明了使用ENVI波谱分析工具进行国土环境动态监测的工作流程,并结合工程实例说明该流程的可推广性。