Adaptive Multi-Objective Optimization of Bionic Shoulder Joint Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

To get the movement mode and driving mechanism similar to human shoulder joint, a six degrees of freedom (DOF) serial-parallel bionic shoulder joint mechanism driven by pneumatic muscle actuators (PMAs) was designed. However, the structural parameters of the shoulder joint will affect various performances of the mechanism. To obtain the optimal structure parameters, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used. Besides, the mathematical expressions of indexes of rotation ranges, maximum bearing torque, discrete dexterity and muscle shrinkage of the bionic shoulder joint were established respectively to represent its many-sided characteristics. And the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single-objective optimization problem by using the weighted-sum method. The normalization method and adaptive-weight method were used to determine each optimization index’s weight coefficient; then the particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the integrated objective function of the bionic shoulder joint and the optimal solution was obtained. Compared with the average optimization generations and the optimal target values of many experiments, using adaptive-weight method to adjust weights of integrated objective function is better than using normalization method, which validates superiority of the adaptive-weight method.     

Structural Optimization of Hatch Cover Based on Bi-directional Evolutionary Structure Optimization and Surrogate Model Method

Weight reduction has attracted much attention among ship designers and ship owners. In the present work, based on an improved bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method and surrogate model method, we propose a hybrid optimization method for the structural design optimization of beam-plate structures, which covers three optimization levels: dimension optimization, topology optimization and section optimization. The objective of the proposed optimization method is to minimize the weight of design object under a group of constraints. The kernel optimization procedure (KOP) uses BESO to obtain the optimal topology from a ground structure. To deal with beam-plate structures, the traditional BESO method is improved by using cubic box as the unit cell instead of solid unit to construct periodic lattice structure. In the first optimization level, a series of ground structures are generated based on different dimensional parameter combinations, the KOP is performed to all the ground structures, the response surface model of optimal objective values and dimension parameters is created, and then the optimal dimension parameters can be obtained. In the second optimization level, the optimal topology is obtained by using the KOP according to the optimal dimension parameters. In the third optimization level, response surface method (RSM) is used to determine the section parameters. The proposed method is applied to a hatch cover structure design. The locations and shapes of all the structural members are determined from an oversized ground structure. The results show that the proposed method leads to a greater weight saving, compared with the original design and genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization results.     

中国城市道路交通安全特点解析

由于中国正处于机动化、城镇化快速交织发展时期,城市道路与公路交通安全的发展特点不同。针对城市道路交通安全特点,基于2007—2016年城市道路交通事故和交通违法数据,兼顾时序规律和空间规律,梳理归纳城市道路交通安全发展的阶段性特征。进而解析城市道路交通安全特点的形成原因,探讨道路安全与道路设施、出行方式、出行行为之间的内在联系。最后,针对城市道路交通事故发生时间、交叉口和非机动车道交通事故回升、电动自行车交通事故骤增、货车夜间交通事故多发、行人交通事故伤亡数居高、老年群体交通安全风险升高等特征,分别提出推进交通安全管理的对策建议。     

不同性质黏性土对泥浆渣土输送能力影响研究

依托泥水盾构机排浆工序原理,设计了一种测量泥浆渣土输送能力的试验装置,以泥浆管道流量作为评价泥浆渣土输送能力的指标,对泥浆中不同类型黏性土的含量、输送距离和泥浆性能对泥浆渣土输送能力的影响进行研究.研究结果表明:泥浆的渣土输送能力随着黏性土含量、输送距离、泥浆黏度和比重的增大而减弱,并且相同材料配比下,黏土泥浆的输送能...     

"十四五"期我国城市交通无障碍发展需求和政策建议

为促进"十四五"期我国城市交通无障碍环境建设,系统梳理我国城市交通无障碍发展的现状和问题,基于对"十四五"期城市交通无障碍发展形势需求的分析研判,提出相应的政策建议.研究认为:"十四五"期,我国城市交通无障碍发展将面临人口老龄化、新型城镇化、需求品质化、交通智能化的多重趋势叠加,需坚持新发展理念,加快供给侧改革和需求侧管理双向发力,从完善顶层制度设计、推广普及通用设计、完善慢行交通体系、推动无障碍公交认证、加强日常维护管理、提升出行服务水平、加大资金用地保障和营造无障碍出行文化等方面采取对策,推进城市交通无障碍建设高质量发展.     

基于分布式WebChart的船舶导航系统

为了提高目前WebChart信息传输与交互的效率, 分析了WebChart作为船舶导航系统需要解决的海图数据网络传输、实时获取本地导航设备数据、客户端之间信息交互等问题, 提出并构建了一种基于分布式WebChart的船舶导航系统。该系统采用数字签名和Java本机接口方法解决了WebChart对本地资源的访问, 实现了通过客户端串口对本地传感器信息的读取, 并且系统采用了分布式体系结构, 船舶用户不仅可以通过网络浏览器浏览海图数据, 而且可以在海图平台上相互可见和交互, 从而使船舶用户能够方便地通过网络实时、准确地分析和了解其周围的动静态航行环境, 获取全面的导航服务。     

人工神经网络在飞行间隔控制中的应用

神经网络技术在自动控制领域得到广泛应用．鉴于空中交通管制的理论及技术特点,本文探讨了实现飞行间隔预测控制的神经网络模型及技术条件,尤其是提出了在多扰动环境中飞机速度、位移函数的构建方法,借助Matlab工具实现了仿真和验证．结果证明,神经网络的自学习功能能够很好地处理这类复杂的控制问题．     

用土工织物加固挡土墙软土地基的方法及体会

近年来,我国岩土工作者也在试验室中证明了在砂土中加筋可有效地提高土体的地基承载力,减少地基竖向沉降量,有效地克服土体整体性差及连续性差的性能.由于加筋土具有以上的性能,且其价格低廉的特点,使其在工程中具有广泛的应用前景.     

REPORT OF HLA DISTRIBUTION IN 2315 VOLUNTEER DONORS OF CHINESE BONE MARROW BANK FROM NORTHWEST CHINA

HumanLeukocyteAntigen(HLA)system, knownashumanmajorhistocompatibilitycomplex (MHC),playsakeyroleinantigenprocessing,im muneregulationandotheraspects.HLAisalsobeen calledastransplantingantigenasaccuratetypingof HLAonbothpatientanddonorcanincreasedramat i…     

STUDY ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF GINSENOSIDE Rg-1 AND GASTRODINE ON AD MODEL RATS INDUCED BY β-AMYLOID PEPTIDE （25-35）

Alzheimer sdisease(AD)isadegenerativedis orderofcentralnervoussysteminhumanbeing.It ischaracterizedbylossofmemory,cognitivede clineandmisbehavior,aswellasoxidativedamage isincreasedandmetabolicrateisdecreased.Major pathologicalmarksofADareextracellarsenil…