聚氨酯复合改性沥青的制备与性能研究

为改善聚氨酯(PU)改性沥青的性能,实现其在道路工程领域的应用,将PU、岩沥青(RA)和基质沥青(BA)按照自定的室内工艺流程制备得到PU复合改性沥青,并探讨了制备工艺参数的适宜性.采用针入度、软化点、延度和旋转黏度试验优化了PU和RA的掺配方案,基于胶体理论分析了PU复合改性沥青的温度敏感性;利用动态剪切流变(DSR...     

在役轨道交通矮塔斜拉桥检测与评估

以某在役轨道交通矮塔斜拉桥的检测与评估为例,通过对矮塔斜拉桥受力特点的分析,确定了定期检测中矮塔斜拉桥的检测重点.主梁、主塔和墩柱的恒载几何形态测量表明,该矮塔斜拉桥整体保持稳定的状态,主梁跨中有沉降的趋势;通过桥梁自振特性、斜拉索索力和动位移的测试,明确了该桥的动力特性和动力响应;通过外观检查,明确了主梁主塔混凝土结...     

Shockwave-based queue estimation approach for undersaturated and oversaturated signalized intersections using multi-source detection data

With the progress of information and sensing technologies, estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections becomes feasible and has attracted considerable attention. The existing studies provided a solid theoretical foundation for the estimation; however, the studies have some restrictions or limitations more or less. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections using multi-source detection data under both undersaturated and oversaturated conditions. The methodology applies the shockwave theory to model queue dynamics. Using data from probe vehicles and point detectors, analytical formulations for calculating the maximum and minimum (residual) queue lengths of each cycle are developed. Ground truth data were collected from numerical experiments conducted at two intersections in Shanghai, China, to verify the proposed methodology. It is found that the methodology has mean absolute percentage errors of 17.09% and 12.28%, respectively, for maximum queue length estimation in two tests, which are reasonably effective. However, the methodology is unsatisfactory in estimating the residual queue length. Other limitations of the proposed models and algorithms are also discussed in the paper.     

Approximate optimal AUTOSAR software components deploying approach for automotive E/E system

The AUTOSAR has been developed as the worldwide standard for automotive E/E software systems, making the electronic components of different suppliers to be employed universally. However, as the number of component-based applications in modern automotive embedded systems grows rapidly and the hardware topology becomes increasingly complex, deploying such large number of components in automotive distributed system in manual way is over-dependent on experience of engineers which in turn is time consuming. Furthermore, the resource limitation and scheduling analysis make the problems more complex for developers to find out an approximate optimal deploying approach in system integration. In this paper, we propose a novel method to deploy the AUTOSAR components onto ECUs with the following features. First, a clustering algorithm is designed for deploying components automatically within relatively low time complexity. Second, a fitness function is designed to balance the ECUs load. The goal of our approach is to minimize the communication cost over all the runnable entities while meeting all corresponding timing constraints and balancing all the ECUs load. The experiment results show that our approach is efficient and has well performance by comparing with other existing methods in specific and synthetic data set.     

超高压共轨系统轨压控制策略研究

为稳定控制超高压共轨系统中的共轨腔压力并缩短轨压控制算法的开发周期,利用AMESim/Simulink联合仿真技术建立了超高压共轨系统轨压控制仿真模型,采取前馈+PID控制算法设计了轨压控制策略,并针对轨压控制中的瞬态和稳态工况进行了仿真计算,最后在试验台架上开展了轨压跟随性测试。结果表明:所制定的前馈+PID控制算法能使轨压稳定在目标轨压附近,上下波动小于3 MPa,且轨压突变时瞬态响应时间小于0.5s,控制结果能够满足超高压共轨系统对精度和速度的需求。     

路锥投收自动控制系统的研制

针对高速公路交通事故现场快速隔离、警示和防护等日益增强的需求,提出一种新型路锥自动投收装置的系统设计方案.针对传统大型路锥投收装置费用高、结构复杂的弊端,利用虚拟样机技术开展紧凑型路锥自动铺设、回收一体化装置的机械结构的设计,包括路锥的叠置、拾取、传送、放置等机构.并利用Pro/E、ADMAS等仿真软件进行仿真测试.基于ARM提出嵌入式的系统总体设计方案:以uCOS-II操作系统为平台,以STM32系列单片机为CPU,完成控制器的软硬件设计,并采用"S"型加减速控制曲线策略实现电机的平滑控制.基于Android开发了操作方便、友好的人机交互接口,以"蓝牙"作为上下位机的通信桥梁,以RSA算法作为上下位机数据交互中的安全的保障.实车测试结果表明,该设计方案的路锥投放与回收成功率均达到95%,基本符合要求.但高、低速时路锥投放、回收的成功率差异较大(6%),此外,路锥的倒伏率达到5%,该单项指标基本不满足设计要求.     

轨道不平顺波长和幅值对高速动车组动力学性能的影响分析

为了更有针对性地控制高速铁路轨道不平顺,保证某型高速动车组在线路上安全、平稳运行,通过动力学仿真,分析轨道不平顺波长和幅值对车辆动力学性能的影响规律,确定轨道养护维修时需重点关注的不平顺波长范围.针对某型高速动车组,将轨道不平顺简化为不同波长、不同幅值的谐波型高低、轨向、水平和扭曲不平顺,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型对不平顺激扰下的车辆动力学性能进行仿真分析.分析表明,中、短波长的不平顺对轮轨动力相互作用和行车安全性有显著影响,对运行平稳性也有一定影响;中、长波长的不平顺主要影响运行平稳性.不平顺幅值对车辆动力学性能指标的影响规律基本呈线性变化,敏感波长条件下的不平顺幅值变化对系统动力响应的影响尤为显著.分析结果确定了某型高速动车组的敏感波长范围及其幅值影响规律,明确了养护维修重点,将有助于提高养护维修效率,提升高速动车组运行品质.     

公交客车分区域站立密度分布特征

为分析公交客车车厢内站立密度分布的不均匀性,通过调查西安7条线路平峰、高峰的客流量,提出了车厢内站立乘客流的变化特征.基于不同座椅布置模式,分析了不均匀性的起因、分布特征及相互间的关联性,确定了各特征区间内的最大站立密度区域,分析了在乘客选择站立区域的倾向性.结果表明,第一次驻足在B区域和C区域的选择倾向性比重占93.23%;当车厢平均站立密度ρ超过6人/m2时,"轴距1+1后通道1+1"和"轴距1+1后通道2+2"座椅布置的最大站立密度区域分别是B区域和C区域;选择C区域站立的倾向性比重在车厢内站立密度ρ不超过2人/m2时降幅明显,当乘客选择倾向性比重降至40% 后降幅趋缓.     

基于驾驶员心率变化的山区旅游公路线形安全性研究

为研究山区旅游公路密集复杂线形及突破规范极限值的部分线形带来的行车安全问题,选用多名驾驶员进行实车实验,采集行车过程中驾驶员的心率增长率N,路线线形指标(纵坡坡度i,圆曲线半径r)和运行速度v等数据,运用SPSS和Matlab软件分析i,r,v对心率增长率的影响规律,建立N(i),N(r),N(i,r,v)关系模型.实验结果表明,随着半径减小、纵坡增大,心率增长率整体上升,大部分心率增长率在25% ~45% 之间,且速度对心率增长率的影响高于半径和纵坡;建议山区旅游公路圆曲线极限最小半径≥20 m,最大纵坡≤8.5%,圆曲线半径≤15 m时,限速值不应超过20 km/h.根据心率增长率及速度差等指标,提出敏感路段具有的特征,及敏感路段应采取的限速值和安全防护措施.     

用于车身制造质量控制的白车身测点布置及优化

在对检测点进行分类定义后阐述了车身设计阶段各类测点的布置原则，在此基础上提出了面向制造偏差诊断的测点布置位置优化方法。