Effective method for knock signal denoising in internal combustion engine

Uncontrolled expansion of combustion wave in spark ignited internal combustion engine causes knock effect which seriously degrades efficiency and lifetime of the engine. Thus, accurate knock detection and control are essential for obtaining a desired performance from the engine. Usually, knock sensor is used to detect this phenomenon but it has limited accuracy especially at engine high-speed rotations because of natural vibration and external noises. In this study an effective method based on Non-Local Mean (NLM) algorithm has been proposed to improve the knock detection accuracy. This method is evaluated based on four different indicators and four engine cylinders. The results show 52.9 % improvement in knock detection. Also feasibility of real time execution of this method based on embedded hardware has been studied.     

甘肃省综合运输发展探讨

文章从甘肃省当前经济社会的发展水平和铁路、公路、民航、水路等多种运输方式发展情况入手，针对甘肃省交通运输业发展的特点，重点分析了当前综合运输体系内管理体制、综合设施、运行机制等三个方面的衔接水平和协调能力，着力寻求影响和制约甘肃省综合运输体系建设的制约瓶颈，并根据当前交通运输发展的基本趋势和特点，提出了加快推进甘肃省综合运输体系建设的对策和建议。     

双曲拱桥复合套拱加固方法及应用

针对传统双曲拱桥加固存在的新旧混凝土结合受力不明、施工平台搭设复杂等问题,在双曲拱桥下部结构安全储备充足、需更换拱上填料的条件下,提出双曲拱桥复合套拱加固方法,即在原拱圈上新增拱肋、横系梁及加厚拱板,形成框架式受力结构,实现双曲拱桥加固。应用时,首先封闭桥面交通,拆除旧桥面及附属设施、旧拱上填料;其次在裸露的主拱圈上增设主拱肋及横系梁,根据配重需要设置拱背加厚区;然后在主拱圈及新增结构上浇筑轻质拱上填料;最后进行桥面系及附属设施施工。该方法无需拱下支架,对桥下交通影响小,安全性高,不改变桥梁外观,尤其适用于文物桥梁维修改造。在南京长江大桥双曲拱桥S56跨涉铁工程中应用该技术,有效提高了结构承载力和整体性,工期缩短约67%,综合成本降低约26%。     

汽车电磁兼容仿真流程的探讨

文章对汽车电磁兼容尤其是整车级的电磁兼容仿真流程和方法进行了探讨,阐述了电磁仿真的数值计算方法,并且着重介绍了市场上主流适用于汽车电磁兼容仿真的软件.     

Origin–destination table disaggregation using biproportional least squares estimation

This paper describes a group of techniques for disaggregating origin–destination tables for travel forecasting that makes explicit use of observed traffic on a network. Five models within the group are presented, each of which uses nonlinear least-squares estimation to obtain row and column factors for splitting trip totals from and to larger geographical areas into smaller ones. The techniques are philosophically similar to Fratar factoring, although the solution method is quite different. The techniques are tested on a full-sized network for Northfield, MN and are found to work effectively.     

Influence of temperature on the tyre rolling resistance

Temperature is a very important factor controlling rolling resistance of road vehicle tyres. There are at least three different temperatures that may be considered as important factors controlling thermal conditions of the rolling tyre. The most common measure of the thermal conditions during tyre rolling is ambient air temperature. The other two are: pavement temperature and “tyre” temperature. Tyre temperature is the most difficult to establish, as temperatures of different parts of rolling tyres differ considerably, thus there is a problem to obtain representative values. In the authors’ opinion, air temperature is the most universal and reliable parameter to measure. The article presents results obtained in the Technical University of Gdańsk during laboratory and road measurements of different car tyres rolling on different pavements. The knowledge of rolling resistance characteristics is important for modelling car dynamics as well as fuel consumption. It is also necessary to establish proper test conditions in the future standardized on-road method of measuring rolling resistance. The results indicate that generally each tyre and pavement combination is influenced by the air temperature in a unique way, but at the same it is possible to propose some general influence factors that may be used to normalize measurements to the standard temperature of 25 °C.     

国内燃料电池电堆技术进展综述

国际氢能与燃料电池汽车大会是国内燃料电池行业举办的国际一流的年度行业盛会,聚集全世界氢能与燃料电池技术的开发者、燃料电池汽车制造商、氢能燃料电池领域投资者和政府政策的制定者,携手促进氢能及燃料电池汽车的商业化发展。本文以第四届氢能与燃料电池汽车大会内容为基础,结合目前行业发展现状对国内燃料电池电堆、膜电极以及双极板的技术进展和发展趋势进行了简要阐述。     

临沂市南京路沂河桥及两岸互通立交节点方案研究

临沂市南京路沂河桥及两岸互通立交项目是临沂市“三环十五射”骨架路网规划中的重要组成部分,南京路沂河桥工程项目的建设主要解决跨河交通及连接河东区、北城新区跨区道路的需要。该项目的建设将进一步完善临沂市骨干路网、改善临沂市的交通出行条件,构建城市骨架路网,促进沿线区域的开发与发展具有重要的意义。同时城市跨河道路与河道两侧滨河道路互通立交的总体布置在满足基本交通功能的前提下统筹兼顾城市滨河景观功能,对打造具有特色的城市滨水道路有一定的借鉴意义。     

Wave propagation in head on bonnet impact: Material and design issues

Head on bonnet impact is becoming more and more important in automotive design as regulations on pedestrian safety become more demanding. Despite the relatively low amount of energy involved, these impacts are truly dynamic phenomena as the event duration is comparable with the traveling time of the different wavefronts generated by the impact. In this paper, we show that we can build up a simplified model for the impact based on wave propagation analysis. Using this model, we can analyze head acceleration on existing bonnets or predict it on new ones. Head acceleration in a bonnet impact can thus be estimated over the whole area of the bonnet with a few minutes of CPU.