Wind pressure distribution and wind-induced dynamic response for spatial groined latticed vaults

The wind pressure distribution and wind-induced vibration responses of long-span spatial groined latticed vaults (SGLVs) were numerically simulated, which always are ones of the most important problems in the structural wind resistance design. Incompressible visco-fluid model was introduced, and the standard k-εtwo equation model and semi-implicit method for pressure linked equation (SIMPLE) were used to describe the flow turbulence. Furthermore, the structural dynamic equation was set up, which is solved by Newmark-β method. And several sort of wind-induced vibration coefficients such as the wind-induced vibration coefficient corresponding to the nodal displacement responses and wind loads were suggested. In the numerical simulation where the SGLV consisting of the cylindrical sectors with different curved surface was chosen as the example,the influence on the relative wind pressure distribution and structural wind-induced vibration responses of the closed or open SGLV caused by such parameters as the number of cylindrical sectors, structural curvature and the ratio of rise to span was investigated. Finally, some useful conclusions on the local wind pressure distribution on the structural surface and the wind-induced vibration coefficients of SGLV were developed.     

Improvement of the second order approximation of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as a fully Lagrangian particle method, has been successfully applied to astrophysical problems and extended to elastic dynamics and computational fluid dynamics.High order derivatives have to be approximated when elastic dynamics problems are modeled. However, the approximation errors in SPH could lead to computational failure in the case that the order of derivative is high.A novel method was proposed in order to improve the accuracy of SPH method, which shows the relationship between the selected functions and their SPH approximations. The entire involved system was represented by a finite number of particles that carry individual mass and occupy individual space, and the integral interpolation was approximated by a summation interpolation. In addition, error comparison was made between SPH method with and without the present improvement.     

A multi-objective optimal approach to automated construction of sacrificial multi-piece molds

Sacrificial multi-piece molds can be used for producing complex parts. To obtain the optimal design of molds automatically, a multi-objective optimal approach is proposed. Mold pieces number, material utilization and partitioning area are taken as the objective functions, and the machinability of each mold piece is taken as constraint condition. Genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to realize global optimization of partitioning process. Each mold piece in optimal scheme can be manufactured by milling and drilling operations, which reduce the tooling cost and shorten product cycle obviously. Using the proposed approach, mold design can be significantly automated for making complex parts.     

番茄红素预防高脂喂饲大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的作用及机制探讨

目的探讨番茄红素对高脂喂饲大鼠脂代谢紊乱的作用及机制。方法用高脂饲料喂养大鼠,同时给予番茄红素灌胃,检测体重、血脂和肝组织脂质水平及肝组织的病理学变化,探讨可能的减肥机制。结果番茄红素可显著降低大鼠血清中胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平及动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)(P<0.05),适当升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平;番茄红素中、高剂量组明显降低肝组织中TC、TG、LDL-C含量(P<0.05),中剂量组明显提高HDL-C水平(P<0.01)。病理观察显示,番茄红素各剂量组脂肪变性及肝细胞肿胀程度减轻,接近正常水平。结论番茄红素具有预防高脂饲料喂饲大鼠血清和肝组织脂代谢紊乱的作用,其机制可能是促进HDL-C合成,减少TC、TG、LDL-C在体内的蓄积。     

R407C在客车空调中的应用技术

介绍R407C与R134a理论热力循环计算方法;对R407C客车空调系统性能的变化、零部件和材料的选用进行技术分析;为R407C客车空调器的研发设计提供参考。     

基于Richards-BP模型的地表沉降特征预测模型研究

地下开采引起的地表沉降大致呈S形发展,最终趋于稳定状态,这能够运用生长曲线Richards函数进行预测分析。同时,又因为测量和外界存在不确定性和随机性,使得地表沉降也具有动态的特征。针对地下岩矿开采矿区地表沉降曲线与Richards预测模型曲线的相似性,分析了Richards模型在地表沉降预测中的适用性,提出通过Richards生长曲线模型预测矿区地表沉降的趋势性变形部分,利用BP神经网络模型降低地表沉降的随机性影响部分,提高模型预测效果。计算结果证明了其在地表沉降预测中的适用性和可行性。     

液固耦合作用对不同截面深水桥墩的自振特性影响研究

介绍了深水桥墩液固耦合模型在ANSYS软件中模型的建立。利用Morison方程提出的附加质量概念考虑动水压力对桥墩作用,采用3种截面积相等的不同类型桥墩,即淹没水深相同时,所受动水压力相等。利用ANSYS建立实体单元与Fluid30单元来分析液固耦合作用对不同类型桥墩的自振特性影响。通过实例分析发现液固耦合对桥墩自振频率的影响是显著的,桥墩完全被水淹没时,其自振频率最大下降了24.2%。进一步研究发现相同截面面积的不同类型的桥墩,在相同水深时,由于其液固耦合接触面沿坐标轴方向上的正投影面积大小不一样,造成桥墩沿该方向上自振频率下降量大不相同。且沿坐标轴方向正截面面积越大,桥墩沿该轴方向上的弯曲自振频率和扭曲自振频率下降越大。     

<TPL-PCRUN> Statement of methods

TPL-PCRUN is a software program for the dynamic interaction simulation of pantograph–catenary systems. In the benchmark, based on the finite element method, the catenary model was built and the pantograph was considered as a three-level spring–damper–mass system. Then, through the contact definition between pantograph and catenary, the coupled model of the pantograph and catenary system was established. The respective dynamic equations of motions were solved by the time integration method. Thus, the simulation results were obtained and submitted for the comparison with the other software. On the other hand, a standard model from EN50318 was established and analysed by TPL-PCRUN. The simulation results by TPL-PCRUN were remarkably consistent with the reference values given by EN50318. It was proved that the results by TPL-PCRUN can be reliable. Recently, the software has been updated and improved. Some new models and algorithms are proposed, including the rigid–flexible hybrid pantograph model, contact definition considering appearance characteristics of the contact surfaces, a fluid–solid coupling algorithm of the pantograph and catenary system, etc.     

PID算法在直线电动机控制中的应用研究

利用单片机的高速处理能力,可补偿PID算法的不足,在对直线电机的控制过程中,能明显的改善控制的性能,电机在启动调整过程中,超调量被大大减小。     

城市轨道交通售票服务系统寿命周期费用浅析

寿命周期费用管理理念能对项目所有支付的费用进行比较全面的分析,为政府和企业节约大笔资金,因而被广泛地应用于军事、能源和大型基础设施等诸多领域.城市轨道交通系统是资金密集型的工程项目,为了提高经济效益和降低运营费用,通过对售票服务系统费用的分析,希望能在我国城市轨道交通行业中树立起寿命周期费用理念,使它更好地为城市轨道交通事业服务.