长江电子航道图生产管理系统的设计与实现*

为提高长江电子航道图数据生产与数据管理的效率,开发基于.NET框架技术的长江电子航道图测量成果文件及产品文件管理、数据生产流程管理等功能的软件。在有效管理生产数据的同时,实现长江电子航道图数据生产的流程化管理,可为长江电子航道图数据生产提供有效的辅助。     

Short‐term traffic flow prediction with linear conditional Gaussian Bayesian network

Traffic flow prediction is an essential part of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Most of the previous traffic flow prediction work treated traffic flow as a time series process only, ignoring the spatial relationship from the upstream flows or the correlation with other traffic attributes like speed and density. In this paper, we utilize a linear conditional Gaussian (LCG) Bayesian network (BN) model to consider both spatial and temporal dimensions of traffic as well as speed information for short‐term traffic flow prediction. The LCG BN allows both continuous and discrete variables, which enables the consideration of categorical variables in traffic flow prediction. A microscopic traffic simulation dataset is used to test the performance of the proposed model compared to other popular approaches under different predicting time intervals. In addition, the authors investigate the importance of spatial data and speed data in flow prediction by comparing models with different levels of information. The results indicate that the prediction accuracy will increase significantly when both spatial data and speed data are included. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent simulation model for metro station corridor width design

Metro station corridor and passengers are described as a G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent queuing system with a general random arrival interval G and a general random and state‐dependent service time G(n) to offset the shortcomings in existing design methods. The corresponding G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent discrete event simulation model is developed, and its high‐fidelity is tested. Then the optimization algorithm based on the simulation model is designed to determine corridor width. The proposed simulation optimization method and the existing analytical optimization methods, based on M/G(n)/C/C and D/D/1/C queuing models, are applied to design corridor width in a numerical example of 48 combinations of passenger flow rates and level of service (LOS). The designed corridor widths are tested in a micro‐simulation model, and the performance measure is compared. The result shows that the corridor widths obtained by the new method are 0.357 m (7.4%) larger than that of the other two methods on average; the area per passenger of the new method increases 10.53% and 11.63%, respectively, compared with that of the other two methods; the widths designed by the new method satisfy the requirement of LOS under various passenger flows, whereas 93% of the corridor widths obtained by the other two methods fail to meet the requirement of LOS, and the corridor widths designed by the new method have high elasticity coefficients of LOS‐width. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

装备EMB系统的挂车制动性能试验与分析

装备机械式电子制动系统(EMB,Electronic Mechanical Brake System)的挂车的制动性能特性与常规制动系统性能有很大区别,EMB系统具有响应时间短,制动效能高的特点,结合EMB制动系统的制动性能,搭建制动性能测试平台,对装备EMB系统的单轴和双轴挂车进行试验,从制动效能与制动协调性2个方面对装备EMB系统的挂车整车制动性能进行评价,分析制动过程中的制动减速度、制动力和制动距离的变化情况;并依据大量试验数据对比EMB系统与常规制动系统,验证EMB系统特性。     

绞吸挖泥船横移过程二次型最优控制

在疏浚作业过程中,挖泥船主要的作业参数是由操作人员根据自己的经验、试挖情况以及挖泥船实际作业效果灵活确定的,而疏浚操作人员的经验和理论水平也相差较大,所以手动作业的实际产量要远远低于预计产量,效率低下,作业成本偏高,作业质量较差。为了克服该缺点,本文提出了一种基于疏浚系统状态空间模型的线性二次型最优控制策略,并设计了最优控制跟踪器应用于绞吸挖泥船横移过程的控制中,该跟踪器是智能控制替代人工操作的一种有效方法。文中对应用二次型最优控制策略的效果进行了MATLAB仿真分析,仿真结果表明：采用了二次型最优控制策略后,系统稳定、响应快、滞后小,对期望输出的跟踪性好,可以应用于挖泥船疏浚作业过程中。     

主动前轮转向控制技术的现状与发展趋势

文章在介绍两种主动前轮转向系统工作原理的基础上,从车辆动力学控制的角度,详细总结和分析了各种用于主动前轮转向的控制方法,包括横摆角速度控制、D*控制、侧倾稳定性控制和变转向传动比控制等。并指出在未来的主动前轮转向控制研究中,集成控制将是发展的必然方向。     

北美汽车工业的演变

分析北美自由贸易协议的演变,检验WTO多边贸易体制的影响,以加拿大汽车工业为例,为贸易规则试图对汽车工业的影响提供概述,对中国汽车工业的发展及其在多边贸易体制中的运作有一定的启发和借鉴。     

强度折减法分析边坡稳定性实例

应用有限差分程序FLAC对土质古窑进行稳定分析.通过选择典型断面形状,将复杂的三维问题简化成三类断面的平面问题.用强度折减法模拟分析了六种情况下可能的破坏模式和相应的安全系数,得出了最薄弱断面形状及相应的破坏模式.现场施工时薄弱断面部位张拉裂缝的意外发生,验证了模拟分析的可靠性.     

瞬态瑞雷波法在地基固结效果检测中的应用

基于软土固结中剪切波速增值与固结度的关系理论,介绍了将瑞雷波测试技术与室内土工试验成果相结合,检测分析软土地基固结效果的方法.将该检测方法应用于路基工程中,并与原位孔隙水压力监测成果对比分析,说明该方法是可靠的.     

缓速器的分类及其在商用汽车上的应用

探讨缓速器在商用汽车上应用的必要性以及目前使用的各种缓速器的分类及其特点。