两种直接波浪能转换系统性能的比较:阿基米德波浪摆和波能浮筒(英文)

Many wave energy conversion devices have not been well received. The main reasons are that they are too complicated and not economical. However, in the last two decades direct conversion systems have drawn the attention of researchers to their widely distributed energy source due to their simple structure and low cost. The most well-known direct conversion systems presently in use include the Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) and Power Buoy (PB). In this paper, these two systems were simulated in the same conditions and their behaviors were studied in different wave conditions. In order to verify the simulations, results of the generator of the finite element computations were followed. An attempt was made to determine the merits and drawbacks of each method under different wave conditions by comparing the performance of the two systems. The wave conditions suitable for each system were specified.     

双通线加热的热力学及实验分析(英文)

The present investigation deals with process analysis of oxy-acetylene flame assisted double pass line heating for varying plate thickness. oxy-acetylene flame as the heat source for multi pass line heating to achieve 3-D bending of plates with varying thicknesses was studied. The oxy-acetylene flame was modeled as the moving heat source in the FEM analysis. The transient thermal histories were predicted taking into account the temperature dependent thermo-mechanical properties. A comparative study between single pass and double pass line heating residual deformation was also carried out. The temperature distribution and residual deformations predicted by the numerical model developed in the present work compared fairly well with those of the experimental ones.     

Experimental Investigation of TARMAX Model for Modeling of Hydrodynamic Forces on Cylinder-like Structures

A new approach that models lift and drag hydrodynamic force signals operating over cylindrical structures was developed and validated. This approach is based on stochastic auto regressive moving average with exogenous (ARMAX) input and its time-varying form, TARMAX. Model structure selection and parameter estimation were discussed while considering the validation stage. In this paper, the cylindrical structure was considered as a dynamic system with an incoming water wave and resulting forces as the input a...     

交通拥堵反思

通过对交通拥堵进行反思,认为交通拥堵是充满活力的成功城市的伴生品,应从不同角度考虑拥堵问题.提出了十项有别于传统观点的提议,主要包括:机动性至关重要,交通拥堵是社会、经济活力的象征;道路扩容效果短暂,并会诱发潜在需求,但仍可带来一定的社会、经济效益;土地使用对出行行为的改变需要长期的努力;紧凑型发展会加剧交通拥堵;降低...     

中国城市道路规划方位性问题研究

文章结合中国的传统建筑文化理念和现代科学原理,从历史文化、能源节约、环境保护、房地产定价、交通安全等多方面分析研究了城市道路在规划和设计时所应遵从的定向规则。     

建模技术在涡轮增压汽油机中的应用

一维发动机建模精度和计算速度的提高使发动机在开发过程中可以更大程度地依赖这种仿真技术。建模的效益体现在诸多方面:增加模拟迭代次数,以实现更好的优化;减少硬件原型迭代数,以缩短项目开发的时间和降低总成本。在最初设计阶段和整个项目中,都采用涡轮增压发动机系统的一维GT-Power模型进行辅助设计。该模型是采用Chrysler集团预测燃烧和爆燃的专利建模软件开发的。在这个项目的所有阶段,通过对预测结果与测功器数据进行系统地研究,提高了模型的精度。研究重点是通过一维GT-Power模型优化与测功器试验相结合,选择发动机压缩比和涡轮增压器,并减小各循环间变动和缸内变动。在出现上述变动时,发现从进气门和排气门倒流的残余废气、冷却的再循环废气、空气与燃油的混合气(仅针对进气道燃油喷射发动机)在本循环及下一个循环被重新分配到每个气缸。因此,进气门和排气门的倒流是导致在每个气缸中产生变动的主要因素之一。据此,通过一维GT-Power模型优化,并结合气门设计工程师的输入参数,设计了1组新的气门升程曲线。结果表明,使用该方法后,在燃油耗、废气再循环耐受性和发动机稳定性及发动机性能改善方面均产生了效益。     

“9·11”事件前后美国轨道交通的安全情况

2001年发生的"9·11"事件,不可逆转地改变了美国人对安全准备工作的内涵与认识。虽然新安保措施的着重点主要放在航空运输方面,但人们也更加注重陆地公共交通系统的安全形势,因为公众关注的焦点从"9·11"之前的私人财产犯罪转变为恐怖主义活动。然而,美国的铁路运营安全却被现实的情况所限制:当前紧缩的财政预算无法构建一个巨大的、均匀分级的保安网络。上述的两种形势相互作用,促使有关部门在"9·11"之后采取更为合理和实际的铁路安全措施,并由此催生了一些新方法来解决在根基上原本就脆弱的网络体系问题。交通安全部门和民间研究小组的结论是:对所有公共交通基础设施提供一整套安全设施是不必要的。     

基于PFV策略的连续型元胞自动机交通流模型

科学合理的微观交通流仿真模型是研究交通控制手段有效性的关键.本文结合一种考虑驾驶员视野内前后多车影响的跟驰策略，建立了连续型元胞自动机交通流模型.仿真实验表明，仿真数据与实测数据有较好的拟合性，仿真得到的 K-Q、K-V和 Q-V图能较好地反映实际道路交通流的失稳现象，所建立的模型具有适应不同场景的兼容性与灵活性，能够作为研究我国实际道路交通流问题的仿真工具.     

提高内燃机车柴油机的生态安全性

介绍俄罗斯科洛姆纳机车制造厂为了提高内燃机车柴油机生态安全性而开展的研究工作、采用的技术措施以及所取得的成果。