深水桥梁矩形围堰水流荷载的分流板抑制方法

围堰是深水桥梁建设顺利开展的重要平台和前提,在其节段施工中动水荷载是影响钢围堰精确定位、下沉及着床的关键因素。为减小水流作用下的钢围堰动水荷载,针对矩形围堰提出一种在尾端增加一定长度分流板的抑制方法。首先采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法基于开源分析平台OpenFOAM建立钢围堰的二维简化模型,引入修正的k-ε湍流模型用以闭合求解钢围堰超高雷诺数效应下的N-S方程,通过方形截面和矩形截面柱验证所提方法的准确性;然后针对足尺钢围堰模型分流板的设置对于钢围堰动水阻力和横向摆动力的影响进行分析,明确不同分流板长度以及前/后端分流板对动水荷载的抑制作用,提出优化可行的分流板设置方案。研究结果表明：在高雷诺数条件下标准的k-ε模型不能准确捕捉方形及矩形钝体的涡旋脱落过程,会严重低估动水荷载,采用修正的k-ε模型可准确模拟矩形钝体的绕流特性,与试验值吻合良好,可用于钢围堰的计算分析;矩形钢围堰采用圆角设置可有效减小动水阻力和横向摆动力,横向摆动频率提高;在钢围堰后端增加中央分流板可显著降低动水阻力和横向摆动力,当分流板长度在1/10钢围堰纵边长时,抑制效率最高;分流板长度超过钢围堰纵边长的75%时,尾...     

RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESS SIMULATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

l.IntroductionThemostboortantdrivingforceinmanufacturillistoPrOduCeabetterPrOductatalowercost.GenerallyeffecthemethodsinchideshOrtenintheleadtiminthedesigncyCle,andredUcinthetoolingcostandmaChinedOWnmeatProductionst4e.AllOfthemrewtabettertmderstandingofhO…     

Computer Simulation of Thermal-Mechanical Processing

AlterationIntroductionThereisastrongini6ractionamongtemPetalrefield,strCssfield,andmicrosttuctutulaltOrationinm8terialsduringtheirhotworking[l'2].Especiallyduringthecoolingprocess,inwhichtemPeratorechangnsgreatly,intendionsbecomemorecomplexbecauseoftransformationoccurmnce.Duringthehotdeformation,thingswillaPpearsuchas:a.hotdeformation,relatedtostressfieId,changesessentiallytheshaPeofmaterialsandcausesthevariationofthecontactstatebetWeenthedieandsample,resultinginchangeofthethermalboundnyco…     

A Numerical Model for Multiple Phase Transformations in Steels during Thermal Processes

IntroductionltiswellknownthatmetallmpicalstrUcforeofsteelsandheattransferarefullycouPled.PhasechangesdependontemPertheeevoluton,whereastemPertheeisinfluencedbycontrastsofmaterialcharacteristicsbetWeenphasesandlatenheateffects.AlotofworkhasbeenpefformedonthssubeCt,andclassicalmodelsarenowwidelyimPlementedintofiniteelementcomPutercodes[l][2][31[4][5][61.Thesemodelsaregenerallybasedonf.AVramityPekinetics[7][8]l9]Whnthephasechangeisgovernedbydiffusion,.TheKoistinen-Marburgerlaw[l0]fOrmfornsi…     

Calculation of Transient Stress Field During Laser Transformation Hardening Process

IntroductionHighpowerCOzlaserssdsetransformationhardeningtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinindusnyforWYears.BecausethetemPeratUrefleldislocalizedinmaterialdurllglasertransfonnationhMngProcess,highthermstrCsswillgenerateinmatgrialduringlasertfansformationhardeningProcess.Therisalsohighresidualstressinmaterial,bothintCnsionandcomPression['-'].ComPressresidualstressishelptoincreasethefatigueldrimeofthelasertreatedmaterial,butthetensilestresswillshortenthefatiguelifetmeofthelasertreatedmator…     

Development of Thermal Process and Numerical Modeling

IntroductionWithinrecentdecade,thenumericaIsimulationhasbeenrapidlyachievedandhasaPpliedtothermalmanufacturingprocess.ThephasetransformationiscomplicatedbythefactthatthereareseveralmicrostructuralscaIestoconsideHl1-I4].InordertorevealtheruIeofcomplexphasetransformation,itisnecessarytousethetoolofnumericalsimulationtomodelandcontroltheoverallprocessofphasetransformation.NowthecomputersimulationcangetsomereasonabIeresultSinmanyaspectsofthermalmanufacturingprocess:e.g.,thesimulationoftemperat…     

THE ANALYSIS OF CHILD′S GROWTH TREND DURING 1958～1995 IN XI′AN CITY

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英国皇家海军和海军工业

1 英国皇家海军 1981年,出台厂臭名昭著的John Nott评论,英国国防部的某些官员提出取消两栖作战部队,并卖掉—艘“无敌”级航母,将前线的军事力量减至十二艘核攻击潜艇。 这个“总体规划”由于福克兰群岛战争的爆发而中止,但这危险刚一过去,这些政府官员又提出要继续实施上述规划。