汽车智能座舱多屏互动方案

一机多屏设计已逐渐成为智能虚拟座舱系统的重要组成部分,同时也是科技感和优质体验的一种外在表现形式。近年来车内屏幕类型越来越多,而车内多屏交互设计也成为未来汽车设计的一种趋势。本文首先介绍常见的多屏互动场景,然后深入探讨娱乐交互系统软件架构,最后提出多屏互动实现方案。     

“上海——桑塔纳”轿车的用户反映和市场趋势

“上海-桑塔纳”轿车自1983年下半年开始在国内组装并陆续以小批量投入我国市场的一年半左右时间以来,以该车的使用方便、操纵稳定,加速性、制动性好、油耗低、速度快、电气仪表先进、前座舒适等优点颇受一般旅游、出租、机关等用户欢迎,在市场上有一定的竞争优势,所以目前还处于供不应求的局面。但在使用一段时间之后,用户也反应了不少问题,现结合收集到的信息和资料综述如下:     

某立交桥加固改造设计与施工

某立交桥为7跨20 m预应力空心板简支梁桥,运营多年后发现主梁整体性不足,单梁受力状况突出,桥面板出现纵向开裂等病害,同时桥墩盖梁出现弯曲裂缝,侧向挡块破损严重。针对病害情况,确定采用外包钢板加固盖梁、钢-混组合梁替换旧桥部分薄弱梁体、中部三跨由简支到三跨连续的结构体系转换等方法对桥梁进行加固改造。加固改造设计验算结果表明：加固改造完成后的桥梁承载能力能够满足目前的设计需求,具备较高的安全储备。加固改造施工时,采用人工配合风镐拆除旧桥桥面板,吊除梁体;按照设计的加固位置采用外包钢板加固盖梁;钢-混组合梁施工采用先吊装单根钢梁、后吊装横向联系梁的方案;按施工工序进行钢-混结合部和桥面铺装施工。该桥加固改造完成后桥梁运营状况良好。     

动车组自动过分相系统问题探析

针对磁感应式自动过分相系统在动车组运用过程中多次引发跳主断问题,分析过分相系统自检延时设置原理,结合国内高铁主干线接触网分相区设置等数据提出优化措施,大幅降低故障率,为动车组正常运营时序性提供了保障。     

地铁供电接触轨检测尺校准装置

目前国内尚无适用于地铁供电接触轨检测尺的专用校准装置。为此,基于接触轨检测尺实际应用场景,研制一种接触轨检测尺校准装置。介绍接触轨检测尺校准装置组成和校准步骤,评定校准装置测量不确定度。评定结果表明,接触轨检测尺校准装置扩展测量不确定度为0.32 mm,小于接触轨检测尺最大允许误差的1/5。该校准装置计量性能满足量值溯源要求,可用于校准接触轨检测尺。     

Experimental study on mechanical properties of weathered rock covered by loess

Based on dynamic triaxial test, the mechanical properties of the weathered rock covered by loess were studied. The cohesion value of weathered mudstone is far below that of the weathered sandstone, while the internal friction angle values are basically equivalent, about 30°. Compared with the undisturbed sample, the cohesion value of remodeling weathered rock sample decreases significantly. With the increase of moisture content, the strength of weathered mudstone is obviously decreased due to the influence of the water softening effect. This results illustrate that the bearing stratum is not easily affected by external disturbance in comparison to weathered mudstone. In the engineering, in order to ensure the good mechanical properties of the soil, more attention should be paid to keeping the water content constant, even to reducing the water content. The experiments show that the relations between shear stress and strain of weathered rock were nonlinear and the behavior of weathered rock can be expressed by the hyperbolic model. The initial modulus of undisturbed weathered rock, under the same consolidation conditions, is much greater than that of remodeling samples. Meanwhile, the initial dynamic elastic modulus of sandstone is also greater than that of the mudstone. The dynamic shear modulus ratios of the undisturbed sandstone, the undisturbed mudstone, as well as the remodeling mudstone have the normalization characteristics with the increase of dynamic shear strain. The damping ratio of mudstone is larger than that of the sandstone, and the damping ratio of remolding sample is also greater than that of the undisturbed mudstone. The mudstone has the bad mechanical properties as bearing stratum.     

含输入时延与通信时延的车辆队列PID控制系统稳定性

针对含输入时延与通信时延的车辆队列PID控制系统,分析了其内部稳定性和队列稳定性,研究了内部稳定的充要条件,求解了完整、精确的时延边界;在内部稳定性分析中,考虑输入时延与通信时延影响下车辆队列PID控制系统为中立型双时延系统的特点,结合Rekasius代换和劳斯表,提出了关于中立算子的系统强稳定充要条件;在此基础上,为了便于PID参数的快速选取,推导了一种形式更为简练的系统强稳定充分条件;在强稳定条件下,基于特征根聚类法求解了系统完整、精确的时延边界;针对具有奇数辆跟随车的车辆队列,推导了无关车辆队列规模的输入时延上界;在队列稳定性分析中,为了保证干扰和误差沿车辆队列向后传播不发散,分析了车间误差传递函数,给出了双时延影响下队列稳定的充分条件。仿真结果表明：在含输入时延与通信时延的分布式PID控制器作用下,车辆队列控制系统可同时保证内部稳定和队列稳定;车间状态误差可在15 s内快速减小并趋近于零;在所有车辆恒速行驶时,车间保持50 m期望安全距离;在领航车以0.5 m·s^-2加速和0.8 m·s^-2减速时,跟随车的速度和加速度随领航车变化,并在领航车速度稳定时一致;车辆队列在不同行驶工况下,由领航车加、减速引起的车间位置误差小于0.2 m,且沿车辆队列向后传播不发散。     

基于知识分类的技能培养策略

缄默知识的获得在个体的技能形成中具有不可替代的独特地位和价值,使个体掌握相应的缄默知识,让显性知识与个体已有的缄默知识发生联系或相互作用将能有效地促进个体技能的形成。