碳纤维复合材料轨道车辆电气柜体研制

碳纤维增强复合材料具有高比强度、高比刚度和结构可设计性等优点,已成为轻量化工程应用的首选材料.以铝合金电气柜体为原型,设计了碳纤维复合材料电气柜体,进行了静强度计算和模态对比分析,并通过了冲击振动和防护等级试验验证.有限元分析和试验验证结果表明,碳纤维复合材料电气柜体能满足轨道车辆的运行要求,具有良好的轻量化效果,为今...     

连续梁拱组合桥梁设计关键技术对策研究

连续梁拱组合结构形式是一种新型的工程结构形式,该结构刚度大、施工便捷、动力性强、稳定性高,优势显著,已经被广泛应用于桥梁工程中。为了更好地满足工程建设基本要求,从刚梁刚拱纵横梁体系的整体桥面受拉对策研究、拱脚的受力状态和构造设计、钢管拱灌注混凝土整体和局部应力状态对策研究、柔性支撑预应力混凝土梁的模拟方法等多角度对连续梁拱组合桥梁设计关键技术的应用对策展开分析,以期进一步提升相关技术的应用水平。     

滚动方向对CL60车轮材料接触疲劳损伤的影响

为研究车轮滚动方向对车轮材料接触疲劳损伤的影响机制,利用WR-1滚动磨损试验机进行了车轮单向和双向运行滚滑磨损试验,使用光镜和扫描电镜分析了试验后车轮试样的表面磨损形貌、剖面疲劳裂纹形貌及磨屑尺寸,探究了换向运行工况下车轮表面损伤、裂纹扩展、磨屑尺寸随反向循环次数的演变规律. 研究结果表明:车轮表面损伤以起皮剥落为主,反向循环次数从1万次增加到12万次时,初始剥落逐渐消失,继而形成与原滚动方向相反的新剥落,相同循环次数下改变车轮滚动方向有利于减轻车轮材料疲劳损伤;车轮换向改变了表面微裂纹的扩展方向,形成4°～8° 的反向疲劳裂纹,并出现了裂纹扭曲和分支现象;单向滚动时,随循环次数增加,磨屑尺寸先增大后减小,反向后磨屑厚度先增大后减小,反向1万次时,磨屑厚度增大到10～12 μm,为单向时的两倍.      

公交线路配车问题的不确定双层规划模型

为合理优化公交线路配车,考虑现实中公交站点乘客数量不确定性因素,引入不确定理论构建公交线路配车的不确定双层规划模型. 上层目标为公交运营企业的收益最大化,下层目标为乘客出行时间和费用总成本最小,约束条件是政府要求的服务水平、乘车率,通过 MATLAB进行编程求解. 以南昌市210 路公交为例,利用所构建的不确定双层规划模型对早高峰07:00-08:00 配车进行优化,在给定80%乘车率的约束条件下,单方向配车数量由26 辆减少到23 辆,减少11.5%;优化后高峰小时乘客总加权成本相比优化前小幅增加0.5%,基本持平;高峰小时该线路的利润比优化前增加了112 元,提高29.6%. 结果显示,利用所构建模型优化早高峰小时线路配车效果明显. 该研究为公交运营者考虑现实中不确定因素更合理地优化线路配车提供了理论支持.     

Numerical evaluation method of lightning rod protection probability北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］Aiming at the current situation in which it is difficult to efficiently evaluate protection probability through traditional lightning rod evaluation methods, an efficient numerical evaluation algorithm is developed on the basis of an electrogeometric model (EGM) and attractive volume to realize the efficient calculation of lightning protection probability at any point in space.［Methods］This method first determines the attractive volume boundary of the lightning rod and protection object according to the interception process of the upward and downward leaders. The collection surface and exposure arc of the lightning stroke distance are then calculated, enabling the attractive risk and interception effect of the lightning rod to be quantified. Finally, the attraction and interception characteristics of the lightning rod are integrated to establish a numerical evaluation model of protection probability. To verify the accuracy of this method, the general rule of lightning rod protection probability is analyzed and the results compared with the existing analysis method.［Result］The evaluation results of this method show good agreement with those of classical leader progression model (LPM) theory.［Conclusions］ The method proposed herein has a high degree of quantification and can realize the efficient calculation of lightning protection probability at any point in space, which can provide useful references for lightning protection design work. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.