直流1500V接触轨节能研究

结合深圳地铁3号线工程设计成果及工程实践,从城市轨道交通牵引授流制式在节约能源、节省资源和减少碳排放等方面的优势进行阐述,充分证明直流1500V钢铝复合接触轨授流方式是城市轨道交通的发展方向.     

汽车尾气发电装置设计的研究

本文介绍了利用汽车尾气的动能发电技术的基本原理,基于CATIA设计了一种汽车尾气发电的装置,并介绍了尾气发电装置的结构及其布置形式。     

自动变速器动态检验与故障分析

通过对汽车自动变速器进行失速试验、时滞试验、液压试验等动态检验,可以就检验过程中所反映出的问题和相应的故障进行分析与判断,以便及时地对发生的故障予以排除,确保车辆完好的技术状况和安全行驶。     

基坑分段开挖下部盾构隧道纵向变形规律研究

为研究基坑分段开挖时下部盾构隧道的纵向变形规律,以某分段开挖基坑小角度斜跨盾构隧道工程为例,采用对比法和归纳法,通过数值模拟分析,得出基坑分段开挖时下部盾构隧道纵向变形规律.研究表明:(1)基坑分段越越短,其下部盾构隧道最大隆起位移值越小,隧道隆起范围越小;(2)开挖分段个数与隧道隆起位移峰值个数相同,分段越均匀,峰值...     

Energy use in passenger transport in OECD countries: Changes since 1970

This paper analyzes some of the changes that took place in the structure of energy use for passenger travel in industrialized countries. Data is presented on energy use and travel activity for the four major modes of travel — automobile, bus, rail and air — for eight OECD countries: the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, West Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, and Norway. We use the Laspeyres and Divisia indices to analyze the causes of the change in energy use between 1970 and 1987. The total change in energy use for travel is explained by changes in domestic passenger transport volumes, the mix of modes of travel, and the energy intensities of each mode. We have found two important effects that have a fundamental impact on energy use for travel since 1970. First, shifts among modes of transport towards more energy-intensive ones and large increases in volumes of travel (measured in passenger-kilometers) increased energy use for travel in many OECD countries, often more rapidly than the overall growth in GDP. Second, energy intensities, measured in mJ/passenger-kilometer, of passenger transport fell only in a few countries between 1970 and 1987. Even though individual automobiles have become more energy-efficient, greater size, power, and weight, worsening traffic conditions in Japan and Europe, and fewer people in cars restrained or even offset efficiency improvements. Particularly notable are the increases in intensities in Japan and Germany. The most important exception to this trend was the United States, but the intensities of land-based travel remain higher there than in most other countries. These findings lead to a pessimistic outlook for future energy use for travel. After all, if little or no energy was saved during the decades of high fuel prices, what can be expected in the 1990s?     

对铁路工程概预算审查的初探

简要介绍了铁路工程概预算审查的一些适用方法,对搞好铁路概预算的审查工作进行了探索.     

500kgF2等级砝码的检定及不确定度评定

依据JJG99—2006《砝码》检定规程要求,阐述500kgF2等级砝码的检定方法,并分析检定过程中的不确定度来源及评定方法。     

沙特麦加轻轨铁路项目旅客逃生和消防设计研究

通过沙特麦加轻轨铁路项目旅客逃生及消防设计的研究分析,介绍了该项目旅客逃生及消防设计的理念、标准,分项总结了该项目的旅客逃生及消防设计,对国内同类工程具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于价值工程原理的交通网络效益评价方法

目前针对交通服务、设施的效益评价存在一些不足之处,难以从宏观上对城市的整个交通网络系统进行效益评价采用一种合理的评价方法,将城市中各种交通方式构成的交通网络系统看成一个整体,综合评价交通网络系统的经济、环境、社会等多个方面的效益,并简化交通网络效益的评价模型,使交通网络效益的评价更加实用、便于操作将价值工程的思想应用于交通网络效益评价中,提出交通网络效益的评价模型;模型将城市交通网络系统的价值分为5个方面,即经济价值、时间价值、环境价值、能源价值和土地价值根据该模型,对某一城市不同的交通规划方案,只要输入各种成本值以及价值取向系数,就可以得到对应的交通网络系统总价值(总体效益值),其大小可以反映不同交通规划方案的优劣,从而为交通规划方案的比选提供科学的依据.     

国际大城市轨道交通夜间运营经验及对广州的启示

从社会经济、人口密度以及公共交通出行特征等方面总结了提供城市轨道交通夜间运营服务的国际大城市基本特点。重点归纳总结了夜间运营模式、夜间运行线路特点和发车间隔等特征。提出了提供城市轨道交通夜间运营服务的基本适用条件。以广州市为例,提出了提供夜间运营服务的线路方案和相关保障措施建议。