TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATION BY HBV PRE SI PROTEIN

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Application of a modified thermostatic control strategy to parallel mild HEV for improving fuel economy in urban driving conditions

A modified thermostatic control strategy is applied to the powertrain control of a parallel mild hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) to improve fuel economy. This strategy can improve the fuel economy of a parallel mild HEV by operating internal combustion engine (ICE) in a high-efficiency region. Thus, in this study, experiments of a parallel mild HEV were conducted to analyze the characteristics of the hybrid electric powertrain and a numerical model is developed for the vehicle. Based on the results, the thermostatic control strategy was modified and applied to the vehicle model. Also, battery protection logic by using electrochemical battery model is applied because the active usage of battery by thermostatic control strategy can damage the battery. The simulation results of the vehicle under urban driving conditions show that the thermostatic control strategy can improve the vehicle’s fuel economy by 3.7 % compared with that of the conventional strategy. The results also suggest that the trade-off between the fuel economy improvement by efficient ICE operation and the battery life reduction by active battery usage should be carefully investigated when a thermostatic control strategy is applied to a parallel mild HEV.     

A self-regulation traffic-condition-based route guidance strategy with realistic considerations: Overlapping routes,stochastic traffic,and signalized intersections

Variable message signs that provide various types of route guidance information have been widely deployed in large cities. To release proper information only using easily collected data, a simple traffic-condition-based (TCB) route guidance strategy was recently proposed. The strategy works based on the estimation of free-flow and congested traffic conditions and is capable of approximating user optimal equilibrium stably. Due to little consideration of the complexity of urban road networks, the TCB strategy is still away from field applications in urban areas. To further push the strategy toward field tests, this article improves the TCB strategy in the following aspects: supplementing the strategy with a self-regulation ability by considering existing traffic conditions; decomposing link capacity to solve the problem of overlapping routes by comparing link capacity on alternative routes; coping with stochastic traffic; and the impact of signalized intersections by utilizing aggregated data. A scenario for an urban road network in Beijing, China, is simulated to test the improved strategy, and the simulation results clearly indicate the effectiveness of the proposed improvements. The improvements extend the TCB strategy on moderately complicated urban road networks, and still have the advantages of simple diversion rules, easily obtained input data, and stable and effective diversion processes.     

转向系统特性参数对中心转向区车辆性能的影响

在总结中心转向区性能评价标准的基础上,建立了较完善的转向系统模型,将其嵌入到整车模型中,研究了转向系统参数对中心转向区性能的影响.通过中心转向区转向试验与仿真分析数据可知,转向系统传动比、干摩擦、刚度等特性参数直接影响驾驶员的驾驶疲劳度、驾驶路感和车辆的转向灵敏性.     

动力总成对排气系统动力学影响研究及排气组件敏感度分析

在建立排气系统一维模型的基础上,研究了动力总成对排气系统动力学特性影响,并对排气关键组件的敏感度进行了分析.结果表明:动力总成是排气系统动力学分析不可忽略的因素,改变波纹管长度和刚度是调节排气系统固有频率分布的有效方法.     

Mass transit systems of Beijing: governance evolution and analysis

Developing a more efficient mass transit system, in highly populated cities, improves the mobility, decreases the dependency of private cars, alleviates traffic congestion, and provides a more environmentally friendly means of travel. Recently, the city of Beijing decided to have a target of becoming as a ‘public-transport city’ with a fascinating mass transit system within a larger plan, of building humanistic, scientific and technological, and green public-transport systems. This work discusses the governance evolution of the mass transit system of Beijing between 1949–2008, comprised of two groups of transit systems, the road surface public-transport system (bus, tram, trolley, etc.), and the subway public-transport system. In addition, a time-series analysis is introduced in an attempt to examine the effect of governance evolution on the two transit systems, and of the impacts of the governance structural changes on the mass transit system. The time-series model is introduced using the annual statistics data of the period 1949–2008. The outcome of the analysis is viewed with precaution because of the incompleteness of the many endogenous and exogenous factors to affect the public-transport demand. Generally speaking it is concluded that the governance evolution provides beneficial effect of the Beijing mass transit activity; however, for satisfying the significant increase of the Beijing city’s travel demand and maintaining sustainable development, the governance-involvement pattern needs to be reformed.     

粉喷桩在处理软土地基中的作用

本文通过粉喷桩在处理软土地基中的工作原理的研究,提出了粉喷桩施工及质量控制要点。     

桥梁信息管理与健康监测系统设计与开发

为实现桥梁从施工期到运营期信息化、数字化和智慧化管理,通过桥梁信息管理与健康监测系统的设计与开发,即按照全面的桥梁基础资料管理、长期运营监测数据与定期检测成果相结合、定期检测成果与加固维修措施相结合的原则,实现了桥梁全寿命期的一体化信息管理系统的融合及应用。系统提供了监测管理模块的多源数据采集、测点管理、图形绘制、监测预警,检测管理模块的移动端病害录入、技术状况评估、历年病害统计对比,加固维修管理模块的对策措施和费用匡算等功能。依据桥梁长期监测数据、检测病害,可综合评判桥梁健康状况,为今后开展桥梁养护管理及加固维修提供依据,有效提升桥梁运维管理水平。     

Creating bus timetables with maximal synchronization

This paper addresses the problem of generating a timetable for a given network of buses so as to maximize their synchronization. It attempts to maximize the number of simultaneous bus arrivals at the connection (transfer) nodes of the network. Transit schedulers, taking into account the satisfaction and convenience of the system's users, appreciate the importance of creating a timetable with maximal synchronization, which enables the transfer of passengers from one route to another with minimum waiting time at the transfer nodes. In this paper, the problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem, and a heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the problem in polynomial time. The efficiency of this algorithm, compared to optimal solutions, is illustrated through a series of examples.