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冰雪天气极大困扰寒冷地区高速公路的冬季通行,对公路交通安全造成严重影响.分析道面冰雪检测与预测的方法,基于公路分层的热传导原理提出冰雪生成模型.通过采集公路物理属性数据(经纬度、公路导热性等)和气象数据(大气温度,降雪量,露点温度等),模型滚动更新,自动完成公路冰雪状况的检测与预警,预测时长达3-6 h,为交通管制、除冰机械调配及作业范围提供技术支持.以新疆赛果高速为案例,布设气象检测与预警系统,与安全性评价报告(两年前发布)的预测结果进行对比,交通事故发生数量低于预测值,死亡人数远低于预测值.     

高速公路单车道入口匝道合流区服务水平分析

通过对美国HCM高速公路服务能力测算方法进行研究,结合深圳外环高速公路工程实例,对高速公路合流区的服务水平进行合理评测,以期对合理制定高速公路的建设规模起到有效的指导作用,避免高速公路互通匝道合流区的瓶颈制约整条高速公路的运营使用。     

公交车辆节能减排驾驶技术研究

本文通过实测数据分析了南京市公交车运行工况,结合实验所得排放数据,运用碳平衡法计算燃油消耗量。基于工况与油耗数据,分析两者之间的关系,发现加速工况的油耗贡献率最大,因此需要改善公交车辆的加速工况。此外应当选择合理的速度匀速行驶以控制匀速工况下的油耗量。并进一步分析了速度、加速度对油耗量的影响,发现当速度大于25km／h,加速度在0．1m／s^2-0．4m／s^2范围内,减速度在0．1m／s^2-0．1m／s^2左右时油耗量较小。最后根据分析结果,提出绿色驾驶理念下,针对车速及加减速控制的公交车节能减排驾驶技术。     

国外大学人才培养协同创新对我国的启示

基于协同理念,立足多元主体的人才培养模式和运行机制是改革人才培养模式,提升高等教育质量,构建创新型国家的必由之路。本文通过比较国外大学创新型人才培养的特点和人才培养协同创新的管理体制和运行机制,为我国完善人才培养模式,构建人才培养协同创新机制提出若干建议。     

Experimental study on mechanical properties of weathered rock covered by loess

Based on dynamic triaxial test, the mechanical properties of the weathered rock covered by loess were studied. The cohesion value of weathered mudstone is far below that of the weathered sandstone, while the internal friction angle values are basically equivalent, about 30°. Compared with the undisturbed sample, the cohesion value of remodeling weathered rock sample decreases significantly. With the increase of moisture content, the strength of weathered mudstone is obviously decreased due to the influence of the water softening effect. This results illustrate that the bearing stratum is not easily affected by external disturbance in comparison to weathered mudstone. In the engineering, in order to ensure the good mechanical properties of the soil, more attention should be paid to keeping the water content constant, even to reducing the water content. The experiments show that the relations between shear stress and strain of weathered rock were nonlinear and the behavior of weathered rock can be expressed by the hyperbolic model. The initial modulus of undisturbed weathered rock, under the same consolidation conditions, is much greater than that of remodeling samples. Meanwhile, the initial dynamic elastic modulus of sandstone is also greater than that of the mudstone. The dynamic shear modulus ratios of the undisturbed sandstone, the undisturbed mudstone, as well as the remodeling mudstone have the normalization characteristics with the increase of dynamic shear strain. The damping ratio of mudstone is larger than that of the sandstone, and the damping ratio of remolding sample is also greater than that of the undisturbed mudstone. The mudstone has the bad mechanical properties as bearing stratum.     

内河航道桥梁整体顶升适用性研究

以交通运输＂十二五＂规划中的内河航道整治升级为背景,对苏州地区部分干线航道桥梁的桥型进行了统计分析。根据整体顶升对桥梁结构受力变化的影响,探讨了几种桥型在整体顶升过程中桥梁结构的安全适用性。同时,根据航道桥梁整体顶升工程造价的相关计算方法,以苏南运河平望运河大桥为工程背景进行整体顶升投资造价测算,分析了整体顶升技术的经济适用性。结果表明：整体顶升技术在内河航道桥梁改造工程中具有良好的适用性。     

一种渐变概率选择操作的实数编码量子进化算法

为进一步提高实数编码量子进化算法在进化过程中的种群多样性以及在高维复杂函数优化上的全局收敛性,参照模拟退火算法的特点,提出了一种渐变选择概率的实数编码量子进化算法,该方法通过在进化过程中逐步提高更好解的选择概率,在进化计算初期保持种群的多样性,能较为全面地对解空间进行搜索,而在进化末期,选择概率逐渐提高到1,只接受更好的解而保证算法稳定的收敛。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能有效避免早熟和局部极值问题,具有更快的收敛速度和更高的求解精度。     

Constrained submap algorithm for simultaneous localization and mapping

When solving the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), a standard extended Kalman filter (EKF) is subject to linearization errors and causes optimistic estimation. This paper proposes a submap algorithm, which builds a weighted least squares (WLS) constraint between two adjacent submaps according to the different estimations of the common features and the relationship between the vehicle poses in the corresponding submaps. By establishing the constraint equation after loop closing, re-linearization is implemented and each submap’s reference frame tends to its equilibrium position quickly. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm could get a globally consistent map and linearization errors are limited in local regions.     

Simple adaptive filtering scheme to improve measurement accuracy of gyroscope on angular motion base

The objective of this work is to improve the measurement accuracy of a gyroscope on a angular motion base with a simple adaptive filter scheme. Two main topics are highlighted in this work. The first topic is to show building a dual-process model employed for the conventional Kalman filter. The second topic is to show developing a modified noise adaptive algorithm when measurement noise and process noise are unknown. The experimental results are presented to show that the simple adaptive filtering scheme outperforms the other conventional scheme in this paper in terms of noise reduction.     

SBS改性沥青粘结防水层的作用和施工控制

通过作者在高速公路大中修的实践,分析SBS改性沥青粘结防水层在预防水损坏起到的作用和施工过程的控制.