梓溪隧道渗漏水整治

通过对梓溪隧道渗漏水病害的分析,采用截、排、堵防治原则结合刚柔并举的措施进行整治。介绍了采用新型防水材料XYPEX进行渗漏水整治的施工工艺和方法。     

控制钢管拱肋制作与安装中长度变化的方法

文章结合湖北武汉市江汉五桥的工程实例,分析钢管拱肋的加工制作和安装过程中出现的长度变化原因,提出钢管拱肋长度变化的控制方法。     

新建城市下穿隧道注浆止水实践试验研究

通过城市砂砾石富水地层兴建下穿隧道实施注浆防水措施的应用实践和研究,介绍 采用先单液(水泥浆)后双液(水泥—水玻璃)、多次循环反复补充注浆等方式对于隧道止水的 效果。对类似工程问题的处理有一定的普遍意义和参考价值。     

取样式不透光烟度计的设计

介绍了透射消光法烟度测量的理论基础 ,阐述了自行研制的取样式不透光烟度计的设计原则及其各主要组成部分的设计方法。该仪器可用于研究柴油机的瞬态碳烟排放特性和加速烟度     

路堑高边坡施工工序探讨

1前言 路堑高边坡的稳定是一个复杂的非线性,多参数的岩土力学课题.要预防路堑高边坡病害的发生,除了有合理的边坡坡率及支档结构设计处理,还必须有合适的施工工艺.而施工工艺,特别是施工工序往往不被重视,这样会导致一些不必要的边坡病害,造成巨大的经济损失,京珠高速公路粤境北段由于地处粤北山区,路堑高边坡地质条件各异,数量众多.正是由于针对边坡的工程地质条件及支档工程设计选择了合理的施工工序,才确保了路堑边坡的安全稳定.否则,其后果是不堪设想的.     

智能交通系统及其车辆自动控制技术

本文简要介绍了智能交通系统的概念、发展状况、基本内容和研究开发过程，进一步阐述了智能交通系统中的先进车辆控制技术。综述了汽车纵向控制、横向控制、自动驾驶及车列控制。最后，对我国如何发展智能交通系统和先进车辆自动控制技术进行了探讨。     

Global cutting-path optimization considering the minimum heat effect with microgenetic algorithms

This article considers microgenetic algorithms (GAs), which explore in a small population with a few genetic operators, for cutting-path optimization problems. The major difference between GAs and simple genetic algorithms (SGAs) is how to make a reproductive plan for an improved searching technique because of population choice. It is shown that GAs implementation reaches the near-optimal region much earlier than the SGAs approach, and the GAs give a better solution than simulated annealing (SA). The main objective was to determine what temperature distribution can be obtained from the solution of a travelling distributed heat source. The solution of the travelling heat source on nested raw plate provides information about the vertices of each nested part of the raw plate. From the fact that the initial temperature at a piercing point strongly depends on the heat flow which stems from the previous cutting contour, the temperature of all piercing points must be lower than the critical temperature after each cutting of the components of a part. The critical temperature is identified as the mechanical melting temperature of steels. A heuristic back-tracking method is introduced to find the near-optimum cutting path considering the minimum heat effect on deformation. The heuristic back-tracking method is incorporated with the GAs.     

Transient responses of a VLFS during landing and take-off of an airplane

The transient elastic deformation of a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) caused by the landing and take-off of an airplane is computed by the time-domain mode-expansion method. The memory effects in hydrodynamic forces are taken into account, and great care is paid to numerical accuracy in evaluating all the coefficients appearing in the simultaneous differential equations for the elastic motion of a VLFS. The time-histories of the imparted force and the position and velocity of an airplane during landing and take-off are modeled with data from a Boeing 747-400 jumbo jet. Simulation results are shown of 3-D structural waves on a VLFS and the associated unsteady drag force on an airplane, which is of engineering importance, particularly during take-off. The results for landing show that the airplane moves faster than the structural waves generated in the early stage, and the waves overtake the airplane as its speed decreases to zero. The results for take-off are essentially the same as those for landing, except that the structural waves develop slowly in the early stage, and no obstacle exists on the runway after the take-off of airplane. The additional drag force on an airplane due to the elastic responses of the runway considered in this work was found to be small in magnitude.     

Extensive study on the design loads used for strength assessment of tanker and bulk carrier structures

ClassNK has undertaken wide-ranging basic research covering many aspects related to the safety of ship structures, including design loads, structural analysis, strength assessment of buckling, collapse, and fatigue, and rational corrosion margins to develop new design standards which have transparency and consistency. Among the wide-ranging basic research, this article summarizes the results of extensive work on the design loads used for strength assessments of tanker and bulk carrier structures. The main aim of the research was to develop practical estimation methods of design loads with rational technical backgrounds relating to the actual loads acting on the primary structural members of tankers and bulk carriers. During this study, we proposed the following methodology. Design sea states that closely resemble the actual sea states which are considered to be the most severe for hull structures. Find practical estimation methods for the design sea states by parametric studies using the results of series calculations on representative tankers and bulk carriers. Find practical estimation methods for design regular waves which will result in the same level of stresses as those induced in irregular waves under the design sea states. We also briefly introduced some practical estimation methods for the design loads, such as ship motions, accelerations, hull-girder bending moments, and hydrodynamic pressures that are induced under design regular waves. The findings in this study have been summarized and implemented in the new design standards for tanker and bulk carrier structures.Updated from the Japanese original which won the 2003 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2002; 191:195–207; 2002; 191:208–220; and 2002; 192:723–733)     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.