钢箱梁构件对沥青铺装层应变的影响

从钢箱梁构件角度出发．按平板、板和U肋、无横隔饭的箱梁及带横隔板的局部段箱梁，用有限元方法分忻了相同荷位的荷载在铺装层中产生的最大应变．通过对比了解钢箱梁各构件对铺装层应变的影响程度。     

路面养护决策支持模块数据接口的研究

许多公路管理部门在为既有的道路基础设施管理系统移植路面养护决策支持模块时常常面临这么一个困惑：一方面，既有的道路基础设施管理系统中拥有大量的历史数据，但这些历史数据往往很难直接被新的路面决策支持模块所引用；另一方面，如若以路面决策支持模块为基础，重新开发一套道路基础设施管理系统，那代价又太大。针对这一现象，本提出通过设计数据接口的模式，将路面养护决策支持模块移植到既有的道路基础设施管理系统中，从根本上解决新、旧系统之间的数据协调问题。     

胶焊,点焊和胶接接头应力分布的比较分析

采用三维弹塑性有限元数值分析方法，比较了分析了胶焊，点焊和胶接接头的应力分布情况，结果表明，胶焊接头与胶接接头的应力分布特征值基本相同，仅在焊点区内略有区别，胶焊接头中的胶粘剂有效地降低了点焊接头中焊点的应力，消除了其焊点过级处的应力集中，所得应力分布可合理解释已有强度试验结果。     

基于MTG的永磁电机启动性能研究

高速永磁电机是MTG发电的关键技术之一，通常采用变频调速的启动方法。高速和高频的特性，决定了高速电机的设计与普通电机有较大的不同。通过建立数学模型，采用仿真的方法可以较准确获得永磁电机的启动性能。     

CeO2改性阴极扩散层对质子交换膜燃料电池性能的影响

采用水热法制备纳米CeO2空心球,以一定比例与碳粉、PTFE混合,经超声震荡后均匀喷涂在经疏水处理过的碳纸表面上形成微孔层.将改性扩散层与传统扩散层进行比较,通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱测试分析、接触角、接触电阻表征,扩散层的物理性能几乎不会改变.再将扩散层组装成单电池进行一系列的电池性能测试,结果表明:掺杂CeO2的阴极扩散层组装而成的单电池无论是电池性能、交流阻抗谱还是动态响应测试均优于传统扩散层组装的单电池.即证明了掺杂CeO2制备的改性阴极扩散层由于其储放氧功能,可以加速氧气传质,增加催化剂表面氧分压,进而提升PEMFC的单电池的动态响应性能.     

花岗岩地层中盾构掘进效率影响因素研究

为了定量对比盾构掘进花岗岩地层时的掘进效率,提出一种表征掘进效率的特征参数,并依托深圳市城市轨道交通8号线一期工程进行掘进试验和地层参数现场量测,分析了各影响因素和掘进效率的相关性,提出了针对不同地层的掘进效率控制措施.研究结果表明:岩石的单轴抗压强度和岩体的完整性系数均与掘进效率负相关,可用幂函数近似表达地层参数和掘进效率之间的经验关系;可用反比例函数近似表达掘进效率与总推力之间的经验关系,总推力对掘进效率的影响程度随地层坚硬程度的升高而降低;低推力高转速的掘进参数组合在微风化地层中效率较高,中等风化地层中总推力、刀盘转速分别为14000±1000 kN、1.6±0.1 rpm时掘进效率较高,可以通过牺牲掘进效率的方法来在该掘进速率水平上短期内提高掘进速率.     

关于沥青混凝土路面的常见病害及防治措施

沥青混凝土路面主要应用于公路的面层,由于沥青混凝土材料本身的差异,以及受设计、施工水平的影响,沥青路面常常出现松散、脱皮、冻胀翻浆、水破坏、沉陷、开裂、泛油、坑槽等病害。这些病害的出现严重影响了路面行车速度、行车安全、加大了汽车磨损、缩短了沥青路面的使用寿命,使行车不畅,行成交通压力,造成道路使用年限缩短。本文具体结合工程项目阐述沥青混凝土的施工工艺、病害分析及防治措施。     

Application of digital image correlation method to in-situ dynamic strain measurement

Application of digital image correlation (DIC) method to determination of in-situ dynamic strain is presented in this study. Firstly, an integrative software is programmed based on the DIC algorithms and point-wise least-squares fitting technique. Then, simulated speckle images are generated to study the computational accuracy of this software. The experimental setup and procedures for measuring in-situ dynamic strain through both DIC and strain gauge are proposed. The DIC results are close to those measured by strain gauge. This fact reveals that DIC is a practical and effective tool for in-situ dynamic strain measurement. Finally, the full-field in-situ dynamic strain of another specimen is measured by DIC, and the overall distribution of the strain in the measurement area is clearly shown.     

Development of knowledge based body structure concept design model

The purpose of this study is to propose a concept design process for an automotive body structure using technical information on the major joints and members of vehicles. First, in order to collect the technical information on major joints and members, 17 vehicles were selected using benchmark data. The collected technical information for the selected vehicles was the cross sectional shapes of each joint and member which were used for the analysis of joint stiffness, crashworthiness and static stiffness of the member to make a database along with cross section properties. This study applied a ‘What If Study’ technique to perform a concept design of an automotive body using the analyzed information and selected cross section meeting the design objectives. The criteria for the selection of the cross section were defined by subdividing the defined design objectives of an automotive body structure and constraints into members and joints. In order to configure an analysis model of an automotive body structure using the selected cross section, a shape parametric model was used and static stiffness, dynamic stiffness and crashworthiness were assessed to evaluate the configured automotive body structure. The evaluation result showed that the crashworthiness and static/dynamic stiffness were improved compared to an existing body structure. In addition, the weight of the body structure was reduced. Through this study, the process that can rapidly and effectively derive and evaluate the concept design of an automotive body structure was defined. It is expected that, henceforth, this process will be helpful for the study of automotive body structures.     

Occupant injury risk analysis at NASS/CDS database

Injury information for vehicle occupants from the body regions of the head, thorax, abdomen, and upper and lower extremities, due to the restraints and interior parts of the vehicle, were extracted from the 2009 ~ 2012 NASS/CDS database. For those cases with high occurrence frequency, a detailed and comprehensive data analysis was performed to find the relationship between the accident, occupant, vehicle, and injury data. A numerical frontal impact sled model with the Hybrid III dummy and the GHBMC human body model was constructed to simulate and identify those injury risks according to NASS/CDS. Among the 5,734 injuries to the aforementioned body regions from frontal crashes are, listed by frequency of occurrence, the lower extremity (27.8 %), upper extremity (21.3 %), thorax (15.1 %), face (10.9 %), spine (8.7 %), head (7.3 %), and abdomen (6.9 %). The main injury sources to the head were the windshield, side structure, and steering wheel. For the thorax and abdomen they were the seat belt and steering wheel. For the lower extremity it was the instrument panel. The main injury patterns for the head were the concussion and the contusion. For the thorax they were vessel laceration and lung contusion. For the abdomen they were laceration and contusion of the organs. For the lower extremity they were bone fracture and ligament rupture. The steering wheel and seat positions were main factors affecting head and thorax injury risks. From the sled impact simulation, high injury risks of the head and thorax were assessed respectively at conditions of steering column tilt down and rear most seat position, which correlated well with the findings from the NASS/CDS data analysis.