Target priority determination methods by interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets with unknown attribute weights

The paper aims at the problem of multi-targets threat degree being hard to be evaluated accurately in complex air defense battlefield environments. Combined with multi-sensors information fusion and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFS) theories, the target priority determination is studied. The score and accuracy functions of IVIFS are improved with thinking about the hesitating information in order to increase the rationality. Then, the influence factors of target priority and the nonlinear relationship between the influence factors and target priority are analyzed. Next, the algorithms for calculating the factor weights and sensor weights are given. Based on the theory of IVIFS and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), two methods of target priority determination based on the IVIFS and TOPSIS are proposed. At last, an application example verifies the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed algorithms.     

Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure,safety perception,and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data

This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.     

Tool for Predicting the Ultimate Bending Moment of Ship and Ship-Shaped Hull Girders

The present paper presents a historical review associated with the research works on hull girder strength of ship and ship-shaped structures. Then, a new program is developed to determine the ultimate vertical bending moment of hull girder by applying direct method, stress distribution method, and progressive collapse analysis method. Six ships and ship-shaped structures used in the benchmark study of International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC) in 2012 are adopted as examples. The calculation results by applying the developed program are analyzed and compared with the existing results. Finally, the roles of the developed program and its further development are discussed.     

A Simplified Model for the Effect of Weld-Induced Residual Stresses on the Axial Ultimate Strength of Stiffened Plates

The present work investigates the compressive axial ultimate strength of fillet-welded steel-plated ship structures subjected to uniaxial compression, in which the residual stresses in the welded plates are calculated by a thermo-elasto-plastic finite element analysis that is used to fit an idealized model of residual stress distribution. The numerical results of ultimate strength based on the simplified model of residual stress show good agreement with those of various methods including the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Common Structural Rules (CSR), leading to the conclusion that the simplified model can be effectively used to represent the distribution of residual stresses in steel-plated structures in a wide range of engineering applications. It is concluded that the widths of the tension zones in the welded plates have a quasi-linear behavior with respect to the plate slenderness. The effect of residual stress on the axial strength of the stiffened plate is analyzed and discussed.     

Space enterprise strategy guiding-based study on project portfolio management and flow optimization

Project portfolio management (PPM) is the centralized management method, process and technology in multiple projects. When multiple projects in the space industry are implemented, it provides an effective methodology to resolve the problems at the same time such as conflicts among models, decrease in design efficiency, and increase in target deviation. Hence, a PPM dedicated to multiple projects management in space enterprise is presented in this paper. Firstly, an analysis of features and contents in space enterprise portfolio management mode is performed by using PPM based on its specific strategic characteristics. Then, the principle and selection methods of PPM are provided as a reference for the future development of an enterprise. Finally, a multiple-level organization architecture including decision making layers, function management layers and project execution layers is proposed so as to adapt to possible changes in the multiple projects and correspond to the strategic development. As a consequence, a perfect matching mechanism to fit the changes in PPM modes is reached. In addition, the flow chart of PPM is designed and optimized by analyzing the implementation procedure of strategic target and project portfolio life-cycle, which is expected to realize the purpose of improving space enterprise management efficiency, project management capacity, innovation development and economic benefits.     

基于ORC的船舶主机余热回收方案选择

为有效回收船舶余热,通过对MAN 6S80MC-C型低速二冲程船舶主机运行数据进行梳理,计算出该主机在45％～65％负荷下的废气和缸套水余热参数.根据船舶实际情况,设计基本有机朗肯循环、串联有机朗肯循环和双有机朗肯循环3种船舶余热回收方案.以新型低碳环保型制冷剂R1233zd(E)为系统工质,对3种船舶余热回收方案的热性能进行理论分析.结果表明:双有机朗肯循环余热回收方案的净输出功率最大,串联有机朗肯循环余热回收方案的热效率最高,双有机朗肯循环系统较适用于船舶余热回收.     

大断面地铁车站隧道软弱围岩渐进破坏规律模型试验研究

以贵阳市地铁2号线阳明祠车站为背景,采用室内模型试验模拟大断面地铁车站施工过程中隧道塌方破坏过程,明确施工期间大断面隧道塌方破坏过程机制,对比分析围岩和路面的变形。结果表明:通过围岩重力作用模拟隧道施工过程中塌方过程,与实际塌方过程基本吻合,弥补了常规加载破坏的不足;围岩渐进破坏过程表现为裂隙出现-裂隙发展-裂隙贯通-围岩塌方,支护渐进破坏过程表现为变形缓慢增加-变形快速增加-裂缝快速发展-支护破坏;围岩渐进破坏与支护渐进破坏相互作用,共同发展;在实际施工过程中,当支护变形大幅增加时,应增加支护强度,同时还应及时注浆、打设长锚杆,以减缓围岩裂隙发展,阻断围岩渐进破坏过程。     

基于参数自适应的深潜救生艇姿态控制研究

针对深潜救生艇姿态控制系统中存在不确定扰动、模型参数摄动和建模误差等问题,设计了基于参数自适应的PID控制器,增强了控制器的鲁棒性,提高了控制精度,解决了深潜救生艇姿态控制的难题。该控制器以PID控制器为基础,参考滑膜理论,设计了补偿单元,对不确定项进行有效抑制。其中PID控制器的控制参数变化率及补偿单元的自适应估计均通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理论推导得出。仿真和水池试验证明了该控制器的有效性、鲁棒性,且控制器表现良好。     

Effect of interference fits on the fatigue lives of bolted composite joints

The effect of interference fits on the fatigue lives of bolted composite joints is investigated by conducting mechanical tests. Static and fatigue tests are carried out on specimens made of carbon-bismaleimide composites joined together as double-lap single-bolt joints. The bolts having interference fits ranging of 0 (neat fit), 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% are performed. The results demonstrate the relationship between fatigue life and different values of interference fits. After the fatigue tests, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are used to observe the damage of the surrender and surface of the hole. The test results show that the interference fitted specimens have improved fatigue life compared to the neat fitted specimen. The NDE and SEM results reveal that the damage degree of interference fitted specimen is weaker than that for the neat fitted one.     

基于LiDAR点云的船载砂石体积自动测算系统

针对现有船舶运输砂石体积计算主要依赖人工方式称重和纸质运单流转、精度不高且效率很低的难题，采用基于八叉树的点云精简和聚类分析进行复杂环境下船舶点云的自动识别和提取；采用基于改进SK-4PCS （semantic-keypoint-based 4-points congruent sets）的粗配准和基于Point-to-Plane ICP （iterative closest point）的精配准进行空载和满载两期点云由粗到精的高效配准，设计实现了一种利用LiDAR （light detection and ranging）点云数据进行船载砂石自动测算的系统. 采集了江西南昌赣江运砂船数据进行实验验证，从扫描到出结果一艘船的砂石体积自动测算时间少于2 min，同船多次测算结果最大相对误差小于1.00%，砂石体积与实际真值相比的最大误差小于2.00%，满足实际业务需求.