降雨入渗对浅埋偏压隧道及其支护系统的影响

利用渗流-应力耦合方法对浅埋偏压隧道在降雨入渗情况下的稳定性做了三维数值分析.模拟了隧道的开挖、锚杆支护和衬砌支护过程,以及完工后长期降雨对隧道及其支护系统的影响.锚杆使用杆单元模拟,采用杆单元埋入实体单元技术,简化了有限元建模过程.计算模型对隧道有无排水系统的情况作了仔细分析,结果表明,在不排水条件下,降雨入渗将使隧道衬砌的最大弯矩增加近1倍,锚杆上的最大轴力增加近20%;而在排水条件下,衬砌和锚杆上的力学行为和降雨前相比,并无明显变化.因此,隧道排水系统的合理设置,对于降雨期间的隧道稳定性和支护系统的力学行为有重要影响.     

超深基坑在第一承压含水层中干封底施工技术探讨

处于上海地区第一承压含水层中的复兴东路220kV电缆越江顶管工程浦东工作井开挖深度达32．45m,详细介绍了该工作井封底技术方案比选、抽水试验、沉降监测以及实现干封底的技术要点等内容,为今后类似工程提供借鉴。     

Improvement of the second order approximation of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as a fully Lagrangian particle method, has been successfully applied to astrophysical problems and extended to elastic dynamics and computational fluid dynamics.High order derivatives have to be approximated when elastic dynamics problems are modeled. However, the approximation errors in SPH could lead to computational failure in the case that the order of derivative is high.A novel method was proposed in order to improve the accuracy of SPH method, which shows the relationship between the selected functions and their SPH approximations. The entire involved system was represented by a finite number of particles that carry individual mass and occupy individual space, and the integral interpolation was approximated by a summation interpolation. In addition, error comparison was made between SPH method with and without the present improvement.     

Control method of three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter based on voltage vector diagram partition

A new modulation approach was presented for the control of neutral-point (NP) voltage variation in the three-level NP-clamped voltage source inverter, and the average NP current model was established based on vector diagram partition. Thus, theory base was built for balancing control of NP potential. Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the proposed method for NP balancing control vector synthesizing concept based can make the average NP current zero, and do not influence NP potential within every sample period. The effectiveness of proposed research approach was verified by simulative and experimental results.     

A bintree energy approach for colour image segmentation using adaptive channel selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image segmentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images, from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the ＂best＂ channel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

A new channel allocation scheme for hierarchical wireless networks

A channel allocation scheme for hierarchical wireless networks was proposed in terms of the connection-level quality of service. The channel allocation scheme was analyzed using both horizontal channel borrowing and vertical traffic overflowing. Pre-emptive priority strategies are used to classify real-time services and non-real-time services, real-time service is given higher priority for it is allowed to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time service. Some channel borrowing thresholds and acceptance ratios are used to avoid channel locking or dynamic power control, which can also be dynamically adjusted according to network load. Simula-tion results show that the proposed schemes can improve the system performance.     

A multi-objective optimal approach to automated construction of sacrificial multi-piece molds

Sacrificial multi-piece molds can be used for producing complex parts. To obtain the optimal design of molds automatically, a multi-objective optimal approach is proposed. Mold pieces number, material utilization and partitioning area are taken as the objective functions, and the machinability of each mold piece is taken as constraint condition. Genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to realize global optimization of partitioning process. Each mold piece in optimal scheme can be manufactured by milling and drilling operations, which reduce the tooling cost and shorten product cycle obviously. Using the proposed approach, mold design can be significantly automated for making complex parts.     

Multi-try counter-meshing gears discrimination device based on MEMS technology

A multi-try counter-meshing gears (CMG) discrimination device based on micro electromechani-cal system (MEMS) technology was designed for some specified information fields. The discrimination deviceconsists of two groups of metal CMG, two pawl/ratchet mechanisms, two driving micromotors and two re-setting micromotors, which make the CMG withdraw by raising the pawls. The energy-coupling element isa photoelectric sensor with a circular plate which is notched. Micromotor is fabricated using the ultravioletLiGA (UV-LiGA) fabrication process and precision mechanical engineering. The discrimination device has thefunction which can automatically reset, with the correct resetting code, it can be tried another times.     

上海市公交移动电视信息发布情况调查研究

公交移动电视是一种全新的大众媒体,课题对上海市公交移动电视的信息发布情况进行了初步的调查研究.这次调查研究包括两部分,乘客满意度调查和公交信息需求调查,分别在上海市市区公交线路和市郊公交线路进行.调查结果显示,绝大部分乘客在乘车时愿意收看公交移动电视.目前移动电视最需要改进的环节在节目种类的选择上,而每个节目持续的时间应在20 min之内为宜.乘客在乘车途中对交通出行方面的信息有着特定的需求,应充分发挥移动电视作为信息发布平台的优势,向乘客发布及时、准确的交通出行信息,如公交车行走路线的道路状况、公交车到站预测时间等.另外,通过对市区和郊区的调查结果进行比较发现,市区乘客和郊区乘客对公交移动电视发布信息的需求差异不大.     

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋刚度设计取值分析

为了解桁式钢管混凝土拱肋弦管设计刚度对拱桥受力性能计算结果的影响,以一座钢管混凝土多肢桁式拱桥为实例,建立了有限元模型,进行了弦管截面设计刚度取值的参数分析,在对已建钢管混凝土桁式拱桥的截面构成进行调查的基础上,提出了桁式拱桥截面设计刚度取值建议,即根据不同的计算要求,混凝土截面刚度折减系数取1.0或0.4。分析结果显示,按照该建议,截面的内力计算值为实测值的1.2～1.5倍,变形计算值为实测值的1.5～1.9倍。可见,此取值建议可以保证桁式钢管混凝土拱桥的设计具有一定的安全储备。