玉环市坎门街道临海道路方案比选研究

本文属于滨(临)海城市道路改扩建设计,从道路所属区域的路网结构、发展地位、服务功能、绿色环保、可持续发展、工程造价等方面进行方案比选,尤其项目位于山海交汇区域,路线方案选择可能为普通路段、隧道和入海桥梁的组合,并有文保、景观、土地开发的影响因素,颇具典型性。项目按路线介入大海的程度选择了三种方案,分别是基本不介入海的陆地方案、中等规模入海桥梁段方案和较大规模桥梁段方案,并在此基础上进行了综合比选,最终得到推荐方案结论。结论对今后类似滨(临)海道路设计项目有一定参考价值。     

地铁车-地无线通信引入LTE后的干扰分析

针对国内地铁的车-地无线通信技术,将LTE(long term evolution,长期演进)与WLAN(wireless local area networks,无线局域网)技术进行对比,提出一套LTE组网方案。针对该方案,分析下行链路预算,对LTE基站的覆盖能力进行评估,认为引入LTE后,地铁中覆盖了多频段的无线通信系统;由于系统间频率相近,无线信号之间容易形成干扰。从干扰形成的角度分析干扰的成因,定量计算系统间的隔离度,从技术和工程建设角度给出减少干扰的措施。     

海上长球首尾双体风电维护船阻力和耐波性能研究

近年来,海上风电场迅猛发展,风电维护船成为迫切需求。借鉴小水线面双体船优良的阻力性能和穿浪双体船优秀的耐波性能,根据中国海上风电场维护船航行的环境和使用特点,选用阻力和耐波性能优良的长球首尾双体船型作为风电场维护船型。在此基础上采用CFD数值仿真计算阻力性能,运用NAPA软件计算耐波性能。从而得到不同条件下较优良的船型,为海上风电维护船的设计提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

悉尼与中国城市公共交通绩效的比较研究

为完善悉尼市城市公共交通优先发展政策体系,实现悉尼市“可持续城市交通”愿景,借鉴中国“公交都市”示范项目的指导方针和指标体系,建立了一个基于公共交通绩效水平的评估指标体系,利用中国“公交都市”示范项目数据和悉尼市公共交通运营开放数据,分别计算了各城市的公共交通绩效水平。将悉尼市与中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市的公共交通发展水平进行了比较研究。结果表明,悉尼市现有交通运输模式为主要依赖小汽车方式出行,虽然悉尼市在促进交通方式转变和新技术应用方面取得了一些进展,但其整体的公共交通服务水平远落后于中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市。通过借鉴中国城市在“公交都市”示范项目实践中的经验,结合悉尼城市交通发展战略与规划,明确了悉尼市出台“从依赖小汽车出行转变为公共交通优先出行”导向政策的必要性,并提出了多项促进城市公共交通优先发展的政策建议,用以支持悉尼市实现“世界上最宜居城市之一”的发展目标。     

基于CPLD的单体泵高速电磁阀升压电路的设计与实现

论述了一种基于CPLD的单体泵高速电磁阀升压电路的设计,分析了电磁阀驱动的工程需求,提出了一种改进的Boost电路,并结合CPLD可编程逻辑的控制策略进行了仿真和试验.电路采用逐次比较的升压方式结合CPLD逻辑进行脉宽调制,并把升压过程和喷射过程分开.试验结果表明,电路满足高速电磁阀的驱动要求,可增强系统稳定性,降低功耗.     

公共交通引导的城市空间增长研究——波特兰“精明增长”实践给我们的启示

通过城市公共交通与城市空间增长互动关系的论证,笔者认为运用TOD发展模式引导未来中国大城市空间增长朝着紧凑、集约形态发展具有举足轻重的实际意义.波特兰城市空间”精明增长”实践中突出强调了公共交通对城市用地的引导作用,通过强化城市大运量轨道交通与用地有机结合、复合型用地形态的组合,在西区开发过程中取得了良好的效果.文章借鉴波特兰的城市空间增长实践,结合长春市的城市空间发展现状,分析认为长春市目前仍处于简单外延式空间扩展阶段,为实现城市空间理性发展,应确立以立公共交通为导向的空间发展模式,同时应该完善微观规划设计并建立相应的政策保障体系.     

富水砂卵石地层盾构施工引起地面塌陷的原因及建议

通过成都地铁某车站端头盾构始发掘进后引起地面塌陷的典型实例,分析富水砂卵石地层中盾构施工引起地面塌陷的原因,如对地质情况不了解、出土量超方、盾构机故障、围岩加固不及时等,阐述事故的处理过程、总结富水砂卵石地层盾构掘进的控制参数,以及在工程地质地下管线、应急处置、信息化监控管理、盾构掘进控制等方面的管理措施,为类似工程提供参考.     

Estimation of delay variability at signalized intersections for urban arterial performance evaluation

Urban arterial performance evaluation has been broadly studied, with the major focus on average travel time estimation. However, in view of the stochastic nature of interrupted flow, the ability to capture the characteristics of travel time variability has become a critical step in determining arterial level of service (LOS). This article first presents a stochastic approach that integrates classic cumulative curves and probability theories in order to investigate delay variability at signalized intersections, as a dominant part of the link travel time variability. This serves as a basis for arterial travel time estimation, which can be obtained through a convolution of individual link travel time distributions. The proposed approach is then applied in the estimation of travel time along one arterial in Shanghai, China, with abundant automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data sources. The travel time variability is evaluated thoroughly at 30-min intervals, with promising results achieved in comparison to the field measurements. In addition, the estimated travel time distributions are utilized to illustrate the probability of multiple LOS ranges, namely, reliability LOS. The results provide insights into how we might achieve a more reliable and informative understanding of arterial performance.     

A proposed vision and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication-based vehicle positioning approach

It is essential to obtain accurate location of vehicles for new applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems. To remedy the defects of present Global Positioning System and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V-I) positioning technology, a new positioning approach based on vision and V-I communication is proposed. This approach aims at lane-level positioning with lower cost than conventional ones. In this approach, the position of the vehicle is represented by its lateral position (the lane number) and longitudinal position (the distance from entrance of the road) in a course coordinate system along the road; the specific lane the vehicle is occupying (the lane number) can be judged using the information of lane lines detected by vision systems; then the distance to the vehicle is obtained by a Road Side Unit (RSU) during the V-I communication; and the longitudinal position is calculated. The error of the approach on typical operating conditions is analyzed, indicating that the new approach can achieve the accuracy of less than 0.31 m for straight road and 0.58 m for typical arc road with ultra-wideband communication and ranging technologies and rational arrangement of RSUs. The feasibility of this approach is presented.     

体外预应力技术的发展与应用

随着预应力技术的发展,体外预应力技术越来越被工程上重视。文章介绍了体外预应力技术的体系,体外预应力技术在桥梁上的应用及其优缺点和体外预应力桥梁的特点,并对体外预应力技术前景进行了展望。