PFMEA分析在横拉杆加工试制中的应用

对供美国 EMD 公司的转向架横拉杆关键工序采用PFMEA法进行分析,指导制定出合理的工艺方案和工艺措施,降低产品失效风险顺序数,提高产品良品率,从而快速实现产品批量化生产.     

重混凝土配合比设计及其在城市桥梁中的应用

根据成都市二环路高架桥立交大跨度曲线钢箱梁匝道桥的抗倾覆配重要求,采用重晶石为主要骨料,经试配与调整获得满足条件的重混凝土配合比。在此基础上进行混凝土配制并在混凝土拌合、运输、泵送、浇筑以及钢箱梁预拱度监测等关键环节采取控制措施,有效地保证了配重施工质量。     

原位纳米SiO2防护剂对水泥砂浆防护效果的试验研究

为阻止空气中CO2渗入混凝土以提高其耐久性能,在试件表面采取涂刷由正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、乙醇和水配制成的纳米SiO2防护剂的方法,待充分反应后,测试试件吸水率和碳化深度并对试件横断面进行显微硬度检测。试验结果表明:1)不同配合比的防护剂均可降低砂浆吸水率和碳化深度,当防护剂配比为乙醇∶水∶TEOS=4∶1∶3时防护效果最明显,其中吸水率可降低73%,碳化深度至少降低50%;2)根据显微硬度以及碳化试验结果,试件表层硬度随着防护剂的渗入逐渐提高,其有效作用深度为1 mm-2 mm。结论是原位纳米SiO2防护剂可用于混凝土表层防护,可提高结构的耐久性。     

城市轨道交通财务可持续发展探讨

虽然各城市的财政状况及轨道交通企业体制存在一些差异,但由于城市轨道交通本身的特性,大部分项目都面临着资本金不足、还本付息压力巨大、运营收支无法匹配等问题。从目前我国城市轨道交通财务方面的现状入手,分析其中存在的问题,并从投融资、成本控制、政策扶持等方面提出具体实施建议:减轻轨道交通企业债务成本,采取措施降低运营企业的成本负担,给予轨道交通企业必要的税费优惠政策,建立合理的票价调整机制,实现轨道交通企业收入来源多样化,建立政府购买服务的机制。     

Finite element modeling of hydrostatic stress distribution in copper dual-damascene interconnects

Hydrostatic stresses of copper dual-damascene interconnects are calculated by a commercial finite element software in this paper. The analytical work is performed to examine the effects of different low-k (k is permittivity) dielectrics, barrier layer and aspect ratio of via on hydrostatic stress distribution in the copper interconnects. The results of calculation indicate that the hydrostatic stresses are highly non-uniform throughout the copper interconnects and the highest tensile hydrostatic stress exists on the top interface of lower level interconnect near via. Both the high coefficient of thermal expansion and the low elastic modulus of the low-k dielectrics and barrier layer can decrease the highest hydrostatic stress on the top interface, which can improve the reliability of the copper interconnects.     

郑和宝船的长宽尺寸论证 --兼复张箭先生

1999年第1期的<海交史研究>登我的一篇文章〈中国与葡萄牙的航海和造船技术交流〉,张箭先生读后提出不少问题,发表于<海交史研究>2000年第2期,题目为〈关于中世纪中西航海史的若干问题〉.我很不愿意放下手头正在进行的工作来写这篇文章,因为我想做和能做的事情还很多,而时间又比较少.可是不说也不行,尽管有些问题我认为过去几年学术界讨论是已经比较明朗了的问题.     

Safety modeling for two‐way left‐turn lanes and a procedure to identify two‐way left‐turn lane segments with safety concerns

In the past, two‐way left‐turn lane (TWLTL) median treatments have been frequently used in Florida to inexpensively improve traffic and safety performances. In order to identify factors that may have significant impacts on safety operations in TWLTL sections and to identify TWLTL locations that present existing and future safety concerns, a research project was carried out and results are summarized in the paper. In the research, a three‐year crash history database with crashes and section characteristics from a total of 1688 TWLTL sections all over Florida was developed and used. A negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the statistical relationship between the number of crashes per mile per year and several variables such as traffic volume, access density, posted speed, and number of lanes. In regard to the methodology, in order to identify locations with safety concerns, several steps are needed: development of real crash data distribution, determination of statistical distribution models that better represent the actual crash data, determination of percentile values for the average number of crashes, estimation of crash rates for sections with the same characteristics, estimation of critical values for the variables corresponding to the percentile values for average number of crashes, calculation of tables of critical average annual daily traffic values, and generation of a list of TWLTL locations with critical safety concerns. Results presented in the paper have been used in real applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

国家标准、行业标准的制定程序

制定标准、行业标准只有严格按照一定程序才能保证标准的质量和有效实施。这一程度依次为计划阶段、准备阶段、起草阶段、审查阶段和报批阶段。     

适应高爆发压力的高性能柴油机气缸盖设计

以某4DC发动机的基本参数为输入条件,对气缸盖进行了概念定义及详细设计,着重介绍了气道、油道、喷油器、配气机构和冷却水套的定义过程以及为保证气缸盖刚度和强度采取的技术措施,提出了气缸盖"W"型水套的概念。对该气缸盖设进行的设计评估结果表明,其使用性能、冷却性能、结构可靠性、铸造性能均满足设计要求,且气缸盖质量仅为30 kg,实现了气缸盖设计轻量化目标。